• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제59권1호
• /
• pp.55-59
• /
• 2021

We intended to describe a case of cerebral coenurosis in a long-tailed goral, Naemorhedus caudatus, from Hwacheon-gun, Gangwon-do (Province), in the Korea. The goral, a 10-year-old male, was suffering from neurological symptoms, such as turning the circle to one side without lifting the head straight, and died at 30 days after admission to the wildlife medical rescue center in Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do. A fluid-filled cyst was detected in the left cerebral hemisphere by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The cyst removed from the deceased goral was transparent, about 3×3 cm in size, contained a clear fluid and approximately 320 protoscolices invaginating from the internal germinal layer. The protoscolex had 4 suckers and a rostellum with 28 hooklets arranged in 2 rows. By the present study, a case of cerebral coenurosis was first confirmed in a long-tailed goral, N. caudatus, from Gangwon-do, in Korea. The residents frequently exposed in the sylvatic environment should be careful the accidental infections of zoonotic metacestode of Taenia multiceps, Coenurus cerebralis, in Korea.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.375-390
• /
• 2022

인수공통 호흡기바이러스인 인플루엔자바이러스 감염으로 인해 공중보건과 가축산업에 심각한 피해가 지속적으로 발생하고 있다. 인플루엔자 백신 접종을 통해 항원형이 일치하는 바이러스 감염에 대해 우수한 방어면역을 제공하고 있으나, 효과적인 바이러스 감염 제어에는 여전히 큰 공백이 존재하고 있다. 다양한 항원형을 갖는 바이러스에 동시방어가 가능한 범용인플루엔자백신 개발과 함께 바이러스 치료효과를 제공하는 항바이러스제의 개발도 중요한 접근법으로 고려되고 있다. 현재 널리 사용되고 있는 인플루엔자 항바이러스제의 불완전한 치료효과와 내성바이러스의 출현 등의 문제들로 인해 식물 유래 천연물의 항바이러스 활성에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 특히, 현재 진행 중인 코로나-19 팬데믹은 범용적인 항바이러스 활성을 갖는 안전하고 효과적인 항바이러스제 개발의 필요성을 뚜렷이 보여준다. 본 리뷰는 현재까지 보고된 천연물의 항인플루엔자바이러스 활성을 요약하였다. 또한, 항바이러스 활성을 갖는 천연물의 바이러스 사멸활성과 면역증강활성을 이용하는 신규 백신개발과 면역증강제 개발 가능성에 대해서도 분석하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제46권3호
• /
• pp.307-314
• /
• 2004

돼지를 이용한 이종간 장기 이식은 차세대 장기 공급 부족 문제를 해결해 줄 수 있는 가능성을 제공해준다. 그러나 돼지 장기를 이용한 이종간 장기 이식은 면역학적인 문제 외에도 가축 유래 전염성 병원균에 대한 안전성 문제가 심각하게 고려되어지고 있다. 대부분의 외인성 병원균은 무균 사육환경을 통해 제어되는 반면 내인성 레트로 바이러스(Endogenous Retrovirus, PERVs)는 germ line을 통해 전파됨으로 사육 조건으로 해결할 수는 없다. 본 연구는 이종간 장기 이식용 무균 돼지 생산시 가장 문제가 되는 PERVs에 대한 분포를 알아보고자 국내 돼지(Landrace, Berkshire, Yorkshire, Duroc)의 genome 내 PERVs 분포와 유전자 염기 서열을 비교하였다. 모든 공시 돼지(20두)의 genomic DNA로부터 PCR을 이용하여 PERV A/B/C와 PERV-E의 존재를 확인하였다. pol 유전자 일부 염기 서열 분석 결과 같은 품종내 개체간 또는 품종간 상동성이 99.1과 98.8%로 매우 높게 나왔다. 본 연구의 결과 모든 국내 돼지 유전자내에 PERV A/B/C와 PERV E가 provirus 형태로 많이 존재하며 바이러스간의 높은 상동성은 바이러스 제어에 많은 잇점으로 작용하리라 사료되며 아직 밝혀지지 않은 내인성바이러스에 대한 연구가 요구되어진다. 그러므로 본 연구의 자료는 이종간 장기 이식용 무균돼지 생산 시 PERVs 를 제어하기 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제55권4호
• /
• pp.433-437
• /
• 2017

Pentastomiasis, a zoonotic parasite infection, is typically found in the respiratory tract and viscera of the host, including humans. Here, we report for the first time an extremely rare case of intraosseous pentastomiasis in the human maxilla suffering from medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). A 55-year-old male had continuously visited the hospital for MRONJ which had primarily developed after bisphosphonate and anti-neoplastic administration for previous bone metastasis of medullary thyroid cancer. Pain, bone exposure, and pus discharge in the right mandible and left maxilla were seen. Osteolysis with maxillary cortical bone perforation at the left buccal vestibule, palate, nasal cavity, and maxillary sinus was observed by radiologic images. A biopsy was done at the left maxilla and through pathological evaluation, a parasite with features of pentastome was revealed within the necrotic bone tissue. Further history taking and laboratory evaluation was done. The parasite was suspected to be infected through maxillary open wounds caused by MRONJ. Awareness of intraosseous pentastomiasis should be emphasized not to be missed behind the MRONJ. Proper evaluation and interpretation for past medical history may lead to correct differential diagnosis and therapeutic intervention for parasite infections.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.289-295
• /
• 2010

축산물은 사람의 주요 식품원으로서 중요하지만, 식중독균의 주요 매개체이기도 하다. FAO/WHO(2002) 보고에 따르면 유럽에서 발생하는 식중독의 약 26%가 닭고기 및 계란을 포함한 가금유래로서, 식중독 발생의 77.1%가 살모넬라 균이 원인으로 나타났으며, 특히, S. enteritidis가 1/3 이상을 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 전세계적으로 살모넬라 오염 가금 생산물의 공중보건학적 위험을 해결하기 위한 제어 방안과 프로그램에 대한 관심이 확산되고 있으며, EU와 미국을 중심으로 살모넬라 제어를 위해 사육단계에서부터 도축 및 가공단계까지 전 과정에서의 살모넬라 제어 프로그램을 적용 확대해가고 있다. 식품 안전에 대한 요구가 증가되고 있는 현 시점에서 제시한 바와 같은 살모넬라 차단 방역 시스템 설계, 현장에 쉽게 적용할 수 있는 수준의 가이드라인 개발 및 백신과 유기산, 경쟁적 배제제, 프로바이오틱스, 박테리오파아지 등과 같은 살모넬라 저해제의 적용을 포함한 살모넬라 부재 가금 및 안전 계육 생산기법의 개발이 필요하다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제58권10호
• /
• pp.398-401
• /
• 2015

Tularemia is a potentially severe zoonotic disease caused by Francisella tularensis. A lack of awareness about tularemia can be embarrassing and could result in delayed treatment because of improper diagnosis. The diagnosis of tularemia is difficult, because the infections are rare and the clinical spectrum is broad. As only 1 adult case has been reported in Korea thus far, pediatricians in Korea may be unfamiliar with tularemia. We report our experience with a 14-year-old male adolescent with tularemia who presented with atypical pneumonia and possible infective endocarditis. Although the infectivity and mortality rates for tularemia are very high if left untreated, we did not suspect tularemia in this case until the incidental isolation of F. tularensis. The present case suggests that clinicians in Korea should be more aware of tularemia. This case also suggests that tularemia should be considered in undetermined cases of atypical pneumonia or acute febrile illness without local signs.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.229-231
• /
• 2012

Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite resulting in human infections and one of the infectious pathogens leading to uveitis and retinochoroiditis. The present study was performed to assess T. gondii infection in 20 ocular patients with chronic irregular recurrent uveitis (20 aqueous humor and 20 peripheral blood samples) using PCR. All samples were analyzed by nested PCR targeting a specific B1 gene of T. gondii. The PCR-positive rate was 25% (5/20), including 5% (1) in blood samples, 25% (5) in aqueous humor samples, and 5% (1) in both sample types. A molecular screening test for T. gondii infection in ocular patients with common clinical findings of an unclear retinal margin and an inflammatory membrane over the retina, as seen by fundus examination, may be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 2006

Two species of Cryptosporidium are known to infect man; C. hominis which shows anthroponotic transmission between humans, and C. parvum which shows zoonotic transmission between animals or between animals and man. In this study, we focused on identifying genotypes of Cryptosporidium prevalent among inhabitants and domestic animals (cattle and goats), to elucidate transmittal routes in a known endemic area in Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea. The existence of Cryptosporidium oocysts was confirmed using a modified ZiehlNeelsen stain. Human infections were found in 7 $(25.9\%)$ of 27 people examined. Cattle cryptosporidiosis cases constituted 7 $(41.2\%)$ of 17 examined, and goat cases 3 $(42.9\%)$ of 7 examined. Species characterizations were performed on the small subunit of the rRNA gene using both PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis. Most of the human isolates were mixtures of C. hominis and C. parvum genotypes and similar PCR-RFLP patterns were observed in cattle and goat isolates. However, sequence analyses identified only C. hominis in all isolates examined. The natural infection of cattle and goats with C. hominis is a new and unique finding in the present study. It is suggested that human cryptosporidiosis in the studied area is caused by mixtures of C. hominis and C. parvum oocysts originating from both inhabitants and domestic animals.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제56권3호
• /
• pp.301-304
• /
• 2018

Rodents are important reservoirs of diseases affecting people and livestock, and are major sources of parasite contamination of agricultural products. We surveyed the infection status of intestinal helminths in 2 species of field mice, Apodemus agrarius and A. peninsulae, captured in the agricultural fields of Gangwon-do and Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. Total 83 mice (57 A. agrarius and 26 A. peninsulae) were collected in 2 surveyed areas, and the intestines of each mouse were opened with scissors, and then intestinal contents were examined with microscope. Total 6 species of intestinal helminth were detected in 61 (73.5%) out of 83 mice examined. Four species of nematode, i.e., Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Aspiculuris tetraptera, Heterakis spp. and ascarid, were found in 40 (48.2%), 14 (16.9%), 11 (13.3%) and 13 (15.7%) mice respectively. One species of cestode, Hymenolepis diminuta and 1 unidentified egg were also detected in the intestines of 14 (16.9%) and 1 (1.2%) mice, respectively. Conclusively, this study identified 5 helminth species in the gastrointestinal tracts of wild rodents captured in some areas in central and northern Korea, and N. brasiliensis was the most prevalent (dominant) species rather than zoonotic ones.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.31.1-31.9
• /
• 2021

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by spirochetes from the genus Leptospira. In Thailand, Leptospira interrogans is a major cause of leptospirosis. Leptospirosis patients present with a wide range of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic, mild infections to severe illness involving organ failure. For better understanding the difference between Leptospira isolates causing mild and severe leptospirosis, illumina sequencing was used to sequence genomic DNA in both serotypes. DNA of Leptospira isolated from two patients, one with mild and another with severe symptoms, were included in this study. The paired-end reads were removed adapters and trimmed with Q30 score using Trimmomatic. Trimmed reads were constructed to contigs and scaffolds using SPAdes. Cross-contamination of scaffolds was evaluated by ContEst16s. Prokka tool for bacterial annotation was used to annotate sequences from both Leptospira isolates. Predicted amino acid sequences from Prokka were searched in EggNOG and David gene ontology database to characterize gene ontology. In addition, Leptospira from mild and severe patients, that passed the criteria e-value < 10e^-5 from blastP against virulence factor database, were used to analyze with Venn diagram. From this study, we found 13 and 12 genes that were unique in the isolates from mild and severe patients, respectively. The 12 genes in the severe isolate might be virulence factor genes that affect disease severity. However, these genes should be validated in further study.