• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.211-211
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• 2015

Mekong River is the world's $10^{th}$ longest river and runs through China's Yunnan province, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. And Tonle Sap Lake, the largest fresh water body in Southeast Asia and the heart of Mekong River system, covers an area $2,500-3,000Km^2$ in dry season and $10,000-16,000Km^2$ in wet season. As previously noted, the water within Sap river flows from the Mekong River to Tonle Sap Lake in flood season (between June and October) and backward to Mekong River in dry season. Recently the flow regime of Sap River might be significantly affected by the development of large dams in upstream region of Mekong River. This paper aims at basic study about the large scale flood inundation of Cambodia using by CAESAR-Lisflood. CAESAR-Lisflood is a geomorphologic / Landscape evolution model that combines the Lisflood-FP 2d hydrodynamic flow model (Bates et al, 2010) with the CAESAR geomorphic model to simulate flow hydrograph and erosion/deposition in river catchments and reaches over time scales from hours to 1000's of years. This model is based on the simplified full Saint-Venant Equation so that it can simulate the interacted flow of between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake especially focusing on the flow direction change of Sap River by season.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.96-99
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• 2019

The species diversity of Orchidaceae is believed to be extremely high in Myanmar. Like in other plant groups, little basic inventory work has been done thus far. During floristic surveys conducted in Popa Mountain Park (Mandalay Region), Natma Taung National Park (Chin State), and in the Ywangan area (southwestern Shan State), we encountered two interesting orchid species which were determined to be new generic records in the flora of Myanmar. Thuniopsis cleistogama was previously considered endemic to Yunnan Province (China) and was only known from the type locality. However, here the species is newly reported from two localities in central and western Myanmar. Disperis neilgherrensis is known from several widely scattered localities in tropical and subtropical Asia. This tiny orchid species was discovered in the Ywangan area in the southwestern area of the Shan State of Myanmar. These two species will be valuable additions to the updated checklist of the orchids of Myanmar.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.4765-4771
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• 2014

Background: Patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD) may have compromised health related quality of life (HRQoL). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has long been the leading cause of CLD including liver cancer and cirrhosis. Knowledge on different symptom profiles of CLD should help in development of comprehensive treatment and patient care plans. Objective: To access the facets of HRQoL in chronic liver diseases throughout their spectrum of severity. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University in Yunnan Province of China. Both out- and inpatients undergoing treatment protocols for different HBV related liver disease states were consecutively collected from December 2012 to June 2013. ANOVA was used to compare the mean scores of EQ-5D and chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ) among 5 disease groups. The relationship between demographic variables predicting global CLDQ scores and the domains of CLDQ was analysed. Results: A total of 1040 patients including 520 without complications, 91 with compensated cirrhosis, 198 with decompensated cirrhosis, 131 with HCC and 100 with liver failure were recruited. All domains of CLDQ, the means of EQ-5D value and EQ VAS exhibited significant decline with worsening of disease severity from uncomplicated HBV to liver failure. The multivariate regression demonstrated the reduction of mean scores of CLDQ domain at advanced stage. Patients with liver failure and HCC had more HRQoL impairment than other disease states. No effect of patient gender was found. Patient age was associated with 'fatigue' and 'worry' domains (p=0.006; p=0.004) but not with other domains and global scores of CLDQ and ED-5D. Conclusions: The HRQoL in chronic hepatitis B patients is greatly affected by disease states. Care for HBV-related diseases should consider not only the outcomes of treatment strategies but also improvement in patient wellbeing.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.277-287
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• 2015

본 논문은 REDD(Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation, 개발도상국의 산림파괴 및 산림황폐화 방지를 통한 온실가스 감축) 기준선 설정시 토지이용변화 예측모형 적용의 한계점을 지적한다. REDD는 산림을 보호하는 대가로 탄소배출권을 생성하고 이를 거래하는 내용이 골자를 이루는 국제환경보전 정책이다. 탄소배출권의 규모는 기준선(reference level)에 근거해 정해지는데, '기준선'이란 산림파괴 패턴이 현상태 그대로 유지될 경우 미래에 발생할 탄소배출량을 의미한다. 본 논문에서는 토지이용변화 예측모형인 Geographic Emission Benchmark(GEB)와 GEOMOD의 모델링 결과를 비교하여 공간적 스케일이 변함에 따라 이들의 정확도가 어떻게 달라지는지를 분석하였다. 두 모형을 중국 운남성 시솽반나 열대림 사례에 적용한 결과, GEB가 상대적으로 양적 예측이 더 우수한 것으로 나타났고, GEOMOD는 위치적 예측이 더 정확한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 양적 예측은 몇 헥타르의 산림이 미래에 경작지로 개간이 될 것인가에 대한 결과를 의미하고, 위치적 예측은 그 개간이 어디에서 일어날 것인가에 대한 결과를 가리킨다. 또한, 위치적 예측이 다소 부정확하더라도 양적인 예측이 우수하면 전반적으로 특정 모형이 우수한 결과를 나타낼 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 REDD 기준선 설정시 양적 예측과 위치적 예측이 모두 중요한 만큼 다양한 조건 하에서의 정확도 변이를 고려하여 신중하게 토지이용변화 예측모형 적용해야지만 정확한 기준선을 설정할 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2016

Endophytes play an important role in the growth and development of the host. However, the study of endophytes is mostly focused on plants, and reports on bacteria associated with fungi are relatively rare. We studied the bacteria associated with fruiting bodies of Tricholoma matsutake picked from seven main T. matsutake-producing areas in Sichuan, China, by barcoded pyrosequencing. About 8,272 reads were obtained per sample, representing 40 phyla, 103 classes, and 495 genera of bacteria and archaea, and 361-797 operational taxonomic units were observed at a 97% similarity level. The bacterial community was always both more abundant and more diverse than the archaeal community. UniFrac analysis showed there were some difference of bacterial communities among the samples sites. Three bacterial phyla, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, were dominant in all samples. Correlation analysis showed there was a significant correlation between some soil properties and bacterial community associated with T. matsutake. This study demonstrated that the bacteria associated with T. matsutake fruiting bodies were diversified. Among these bacteria, we may find some strains that can promote the growth of T. matsutake.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1452-1459
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• 2011

귤나무속은 운향과(Rutaceae)에 속한다. 동남아시아, 미얀마, 중국 운남에서 기원된 것으로 알려져 있다. 이 속의 분류관계는 복잡한데 클론번식과 야생식물과 교잡이 빈번하다. 식물에서 속간 속내 계통관계 추론을 위해 널리 이용되고 있는 엽록체 trnL-trnF 부위가 있다. 이 귤나무속과 두 근연한 탱자나무속과 금감속에 속하는 7종간 계통 관계를 평가하였다. 많은 삽입이 발견되었고 속내 종간 변이는 결실/삽입에 의한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이 속의 레몬과 당귤나무은 네 계통도(MP, ML, ME, and NJ)에서 모두 같은 분지군을 형성하여 가장 근연관계에 있었고 광귤나무(향귤나무)과 자매군을 형성하였다. 유자나무는 이들과 많은 서열 차이를 나타내었다. 외부 분지군은 낮은 지지도를 나타내었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2012

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HPV and cervical neoplasia among HIV-infected women in southwestern China. Methods: Cervical cytology, HPV detection by Hybrid Capture-$2^{TM}$ assay, and diagnostic colposcopy were followed by cervical biopsy if indicated. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze associations between HPV co-infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and HIV-related clinical and laboratory parameters. Results: Colposcopic-histopathologically proven CIN2+ lesions were present in 7/83 (8.4%) HIV-infected women. Nearly half (41/83, 43%) were co-infected with carcinogenic HPV genotypes. HPV co-infection was higher in women with colposcopic-histopathologically proven CIN2+ lesions than women with $cells/{\mu}L$ had higher CIN2+ prevalence after adjusting for current ART status and age (adjusted OR: 6.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 36.5). Conclusions: HIV/AIDS care and treatment programs should integrate effective cervical cancer prevention services to mitigate the risk of invasive cervical cancer among HIV-infected women in China.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2009

The rhizobacteria of Panax notoginseng were isolated from six sites in Yanshan, Maguan and Wenshan Counties, Yunnan Province of China, and their antagonistic activity against P. notoginseng root-rot fungal pathogens was determined. Of the 574 rhizobacteria isolated, 5.8% isolates were antagonistic in vitro to at least one of the five pathogens, Cylindrocarpon didynum, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora cactorum, Phoma herbarum, and Rhizoctonia solani. The number of rhizo bacteria and the number that inhibited fungi differed depending on sampling sites and isolation methods. Rhizobacteria isolated from the site in Yanshan and Maguan showed more antagonistic effect than them in Wenshan. Heat treatment of rhizosphere soil at $80^{\circ}C$ for 20 min scaled the antagonists up to 14.0%. Antagonistic bacteria in the roots proportioned 3.9% of the total isolates. The most antagonistic isolates 79-9 and 81-4 are Bacillus subtilis based on their 168 rDNA sequence and biochemical and physiological characteristics. Identification and evaluation of antagonistic bacteria against P. notoginseng root-rot pathogens in the main planting areas improved our understanding of their distribution in rhizosphere soil. Furthermore these results indicated that the interactions between biocontrol agent and soil microbes should be seriously considered for the successful survival and biocontrol efficacy of the agents in soil.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.7-20
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• 2007

A bridge is a space used as a passage. This space should be functional, solid, and beautiful. Since the beginning of human life, bridge architecture has given importance to function as a connection from one place to another. Stepping stones in the stream were the connections between divided spaces in the agricultural life, the bridge on the entrances of a town was the place for separation, expectation, and communication for people gathering around the community. Southern Chinese provinces such as Zhejiang, Hunan, Yunnan, and Guizhon is famous for it's spectacular scenary, and tribes like the 'Miao' and 'Dong' live in a cooperate community. The 'Dong' tribe is one of the 'Yue' genealogy where the people have settled down in this place in the days of 'Qin Shi Huang(Qin dynasty)'. As the population of the 'Dong' tribe growed, they used a bridge to connect town to town. The scale became larger with additional design, giving splendid achievement to bridge architecture. The 'Fungyu bridge' in Tongdao and 'Chungyang bridge' in Sanjiang are some fine examples. The Fungyu bridge could be defined as a bridge which blocks wind and rain, this has the same function as the lounge bridge in Taishun located in southern Zhejiang province. In Taishun, 5 minority races such as the 'Dong' and 'Miao' people have been living together as a clan society for centuries on mountains as high as 1000m following their own tradition. The 'Xiliu river' flowing thorough has a variety of bridges remaining in it's original form, and it is recently known as a museum of ancient bridges. The formation of the bridges in Tongdao and Taishun shows that it is different with the arch and straight bridges remaining in Korea. In this study, it is readjusting the base data, showing plan characteristics and describing the construction of the wooden structure above the bridge post.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1998년도 Proceedings of UNESCO-internetwork Cooperative Regional Seminar and Workshop on Bioassay Guided Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Natural Products and Microbial Products
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• pp.159-160
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• 1998

Results of chemistry and biological activity of many years indicate that plants belonging to the Isodon genus are rich in ent-kaurane diterpenoids, which have been revealed to possess biological activities such as antitumor, antibacterial and antiinflammatory effects. In continuation of our research on diterpenoids in medicinal plants of this genus, the acetone extract from the leaves of I. xerophilus, which is a plant native to Yunnan province of China, showed potent antitumor activity against K562. After partition, the most active EtOAc part was studied. Four new diterpenoids named xerophilusin A(l), B(2), C(3), D(4), and eight known compounds including macrocalin B(5) and rabdorosthomin A(6) were isolated, whose structures were elucidated through a series of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques(DEPT, COSY, HMQC, HMBC and ROESY experiments). Among them, compound 1, 2 and 5 had two unique epoxy units formed by two ether bridges from C-20 to C-7, C-14. Up to now, there are four compounds having such an peculiar structure besides these three compounds. Compound 3 and 4 were two of the few examples possessing $1{\beta}$ substitutes. All the diterpenoid compounds were subjected to the antitumor screening. It is interesting that only xerophilusin A(l), B(2) and macrocalin(5) exhibited significant antitumor activity against K562 by the method of MTT($IC_{50}$ were listed in Table 1.). The results inspired us to infer that the unique ether bridges from C-20 to C-7, C-14 possibly played an important role in the antitumor activity.