• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.109.2-109.2
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• 2016

현민지브이티(Genesis)는 중소기업청 중소기업개발지원사업의 일환으로 진행된 2014년도 구매조건부 신제품 개발사업에 선정되어 '극저온 G-M냉동기를 이용한 대용량 Cold Trap개발'과제를 수행하면서 32인치 급으로 수분에 대해서 30,000[L/s] 이상의 배기속도를 가지는 대형 CWP를 개발하고 있다. 1차년도(2015년) 목표는 80K에서 200W급 단단 G-M극저온 냉동기를 개발하는 것이고, 2차년도(2016년) 목표는 이를 장착하여 30,000[L/s]의 물 배기속도 능력을 갖춘 32인치(800mm)급 직부형(appendage) CWP를 개발하는 것이다. 여기에서 가장 큰 문제점은 CWP 시스템의 물 배기속도를 실제로 측정하는 것이다. 왜냐하면 지금까지는 물(H2O)이 가진 독특한 물리적 특성으로 인해 배기속도 측정에 많은 어려움이 있어 이론적으로 계산한 값을 사용해 왔다. (심지어 크라이오 펌프 제조사 조차도 실험하지 않고 이론적인 계산 값을 일반적으로 사용한다.) 그러나 최근 본 과제 외에 물 배기속도 측정에 관한 요구사례와 일부 크라이오 펌프 제조사에서 수행하고 있다는 보고가 있는 바, 실제 물배기속도 시스템을 구축하여 이론과 실제 사이의 차이와 측정의 어려움 등에 관해 규명하고자 하였다. 물 배기속도 측정 방법은 크게 2가지로 나눌 수 있다. 첫째, 시스템으로 흘리는 물의 양을 Liquid MFC를 이용하여 먼저 측정한 후 Vaporizer로 보내어 기화 시키며 배기속도를 측정하는 방법. 둘째, 물을 Vaporizer로 먼저 기화시킨 후에 High Temp. MFM으로 기체 유량을 측정하며 배기속도를 측정하는 방법이 그것이다. 이에 국내 최초로 두 가지 방법 모두를 사용하여 표준화 된 물 배기속도 측정 설비를 구축하였고, 20인치(500mm) 크라이오 펌프와 인라인(inline)형 CWP 모델에 대한 물 배기속도 측정을 성공적으로 완료할 수 있었다. 향후 본 시험 방법과 결과를 토대로 32인치(800mm) 직부형 CWP 모델에 대한 물 배기속도 측정시험을 수행하고자 한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 1999

Objectives. Few studies have attempted to explain the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity in Korea Especially the studies on same race with different SES at same time are good for SES influence estimation. The present study highlights the influence of SES of parents on adolescent obesity. The subjects are the same race, but live in different areas, with different SES, Seoul and Yangpung in Korea, and Yanbian in China. Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Mar-Jun 1996. We carried out anthropometry, 24 hour-recall diet survey, self-reported questionnaire about sociodemographic characteristics and physical activity. For SES indicators, we used income and education of parents. Results. The relationship between SES of parents, defined as educational status, and obesity in boys in Korea and China is direct, but not significant. The relationship is inverse and nonsignificant among Korean girls, However, for the Korean girls in severe obesity, the relationship is significant. For the Korean-Chinese girls, there is an inverse relationship between the education level and obesity but a direct relationship between the income level of parents and obesity. For the Korean adolescent, there are a direct association between the SES of parents and the nutrients factors such as energy, protein, and fat intake. The energy expenditure of adolescent has no relationship with SES of parents. Conclusion. Among boys, the higher the SES, the greater the risk of obese. Among girls in Korea and Korean-Chinese, on the other hand, the lower the educational status of parents, the greater the risk of obese.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.68 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 2010

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode that is a parasite to humans. The infecting filariform larvae of S. stercoralis enters the host body via the bloodstream, passes through the lungs, penetrates the alveoli, and then ascends the airway to transit down the esophagus into the small bowel. The infection can persist for decades without causing major symptoms and can elicit eosinophilia of varying magnitudes. Of note, this infection can also develop into a disseminated, often fatal, disease (hyperinfection) in patients receiving immunosuppressive corticosteroids. A 65-year-old man who was receiving corticosteroid therapy for the treatment of spinal stenosis was admitted to the emergency room with complaints of abdominal pain and severe dyspnea. We detected many S. stercoralis larvae in the sputum and in the bronchoalveolar-lavage sample collected by bronchoscopy. Here, we report a fatal case of strongyloidiasis with acute respiratory failure and intestinal perforation. In addition, we provide a brief review of the relevant medical literature.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.434-439
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• 2006

In this study, activated carbon(ACs) have been modified by nitric acid and heat-treatment. The surface and structure properties of ACs were determined by BET surface area, FT-IR pH and acid/base value. The changes in pore structure and surface properties of these modified ACs were correlated with natural gas adsorption which measured by volumetric apparatus at $0^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$. The pore textural properties of activated carbon was also characterized by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K. Specific surface area and micropore volume of them were calculated by Langmuir equation and Horvath-Kawazoe method, and chemical properties of surface were measured by FT-IR and titration of acid and base solutions. Pore texture of activated carbons after treatments were not significantly changed. Total acidity increased and basicity of samples decreased. however the basicity increased with heat treatment. The methane adsorption of ACs become different depending on the acid/base value of samples.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.368-372
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to verify the feasibility of using an infrared sensor to measure the body temperature of a sow. We first conducted experiments on three pigs by using three infrared sensors and one indoor temperature sensor. Methods: The three infrared sensors were installed inside our model house and were used to take temperature measurements per second of the backs of the pigs. While feeding, the temperatures of the backs of the pigs were measured at distances of 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm from the infrared sensors. Results: We concluded that the relation between the temperature of the pigs' backs and the indoor temperature was y =0.549x + 18.459 at a measuring distance of 30 cm. The relation was y = 0.645x + 15.461 for a distance of 20 cm and y = 0.760x + 11.913 for a distance of 10 cm. We found high correlation between the indoor temperature and the temperature of the pigs' backs. Conclusions: It is possible to use an infrared thermometer to monitor the temperature of pigs' backs. This system seems to be feasible and effective in monitoring pig temperature. The use of an infrared thermometer will also make daily monitoring easy. In later experiments, the possibility of developing a system that can determine if an error can be corrected by using infrared sensor is explored by considering humidity variables.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.234-241
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• 2005

Galla Rhois is a nest of parasitic bug, Mellaphis chinensis Bell, in Rhus chinensis Mill. Galla Rhois has been used for the therapy of diarrhea, peptic ulcer, hemauria, etc., that showed various antiinflammatory activity, and other biological properties. We studied the effect of Galla Rhois water extract(GRWE). The cytotoxic activity of GRWE in HL-60 cells was increased in a concentration-dependent manner. GRWE was cytotoxic to HL-60 cells, with $IC_50$ of $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Treatment of GRWE to HL-60 cells showed the fragmentation of DNA in a concentration manner, suggesting that these cells underwent apoptosis. In addition, the flow cytometric analysis revealed GRWE concentration-dependently increased apoptotic cells with hypodiploid DNA content and arrested G1 phase of cell cycle. These results indicate that GRWE may have a possibility of potential anticancer activities. Treatment of HL-60 cells with GRWE was induced activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Also, caspase-3 was directly activated via caspase-8 activation. GRWE also caused the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol. GRWE-induced cytochrome c release was mediated by caspase-8-dependent cleavage of Bid and Bax translocation. These results suggest that caspase-8 mediates caspase-3 activation and cytochrome c release during GRWE-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.914-918
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• 2011

This survey was designed to analyze questionnaire of Japanese who experienced Oriental Medical Tourism and to facilitate it afterwards. The survey was organized for 38 Japanese participants in oriental medicine hospital from Feb. 10 to Mar. 7 in 2011. According to the research, most of them didn't know about oriental medicine but they were interested. They preferred preventive medication through health improvement to medical treatment. When making decisions on which tourism products to use, the quality of medical service came first consideration for them. The most appropriate length of visit was 4~7days and cost per day was 7100~14000 yen. We need to gather more information on their various fields of interest in order to provide customized medical service and more surveys should be conducted henceforth.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.891-895
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• 2008

Natural substances have recently received much attention as therapeutic drugs to prevent many diseases in humans because they avoid the many side effects of treatment with chemical compounds. We examined the effect of water extract of deer antler in RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. The effects of water extract of deer antler in osteoclast differentiation were determined by culture of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). The mRNA expression levels of c-Fos, NFATc1, TRAP, and GAPDH in BMMs were analyzed by RT-PCR. Cell lysates were obtained from the treated cells, the expression levels of c-Fos and NFATc1 were determined by western blotting with antibodies for c-Fos and NFATc1. Water extract of deer antler greatly inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclast differentiation in osteoclast precursors without cytotoxicity. Water extract of deer antler inhibited the expression of c-Fos and NFATc1 in BMMs treated with RANKL. Our findings suggest that water extract of deer antler inhibited osteoclast differentiation by suppressing c-Fos and NFATc1 expression in response to RANKL. These results demonstrate that water extract of deer antler may be a useful the treatment of bone-related disease such as osteoporosis.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2010

The MeOH extract of Rhus verniciflua heartwood inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Chromatographic methods including of silica gel, RP-18 and high-pressure liquid chromatography isolated sulfuretin and fisetin from the extract as active constituents. The isolated compounds, especially sulfuretin, strongly inhibited lipid accumulation in adipocytes. The treatment of sulfuretin and fisetin led to decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ($PPAR{\gamma}$), as an important transcription factor in fat cell differentiation, which was equal to the decrease in the quercetin positive control. The presence of a hydroxyl group (C-5) in quercetin compared to fisetin, and the presence of C-2 double bonds in fisetin compared with fustin increased the inhibitory effect of lipid accumulation.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.197-202
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• 2010

Post release mechanism is generally used to reduce the severity of the occupant of an errant vehicle impacting a roadside posts. The 820kg-50km/h head-on impact simulations were made using LS-DYNA program for the posts of 101.6mm Dia(t=4.0mm) with and without clip-type release mechanism. The simulation result was compared with impact test result to enhance the credibility of simulation model. The study shows that the high impact severity (THIV, PHD) and excessive deformation threatens the safety of the occupant when a car impacts a rigidly connected posts, while a post with clip-type slip base reduce the impact severity to a safe level.