• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.138-148
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to determine the effects of a health promotion program on perception of health behavior, physical fitness, and body composition in child care helpers. Methods: The study had a one group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. Data were collected from 38 child care helpers from July 6 to November 9, 2013. The health promotion program consisted of health education, self-exercise, encouragement, and identification. The following data were collected perception(perceived benefit, barrier, and self-efficacy), physical fitness(balance, grasp power, and flexibility), and body composition(body mass index, body fat ratio, waist circumference, and basal metabolic rate) and analysis was performed using on SPSS WIN 18.0. Results: Self-efficacy showed a significant increased. Body mass index, body fat ratio, and waist circumference showed a significant decreased. No significant difference in perceived benefit, barrier, physical fitness, and basal metabolic rate was observed between pre-test and post-test. Conclusion: This health promotion program had an effect on self-efficacy and body composition in child care helpers. Therefore, this health promotion program for child care helpers can be recommended as an effective nursing intervention.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.149-159
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• 2005

Simultaneous observations of MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) onboard the Aqua and Terra satellites and weather station at ground near the Inchon International Airport (37.2-37.7 N, 125.7-127.2 E) during the period from December 2002 to September 2004 have been utilized in order to analyze the characteristics of satellite-observed infrared (IR) and visible data under fog and clear-sky conditions, respectively. The differences $(T_{3.7-11})$ in brightness temperature between $3.75{\mu}m\;and\;11.0{\mu}m$ were used as threshold values for remote-sensing fog (or low clouds) from satellite during day and night. The $T_{3.7-11}$ value during daytime was greater by about 21 K when it was foggy than that when it was clear, but during nighttime fog it was less by 1.5 K than during nighttime clear-sky. The value was changed due to different values of emission of fog particles at the wavelength. Since the near-IR channel at $3.7{\mu}m$ was affected by solar and IR radiations in the daytime, both IR and visible channels (or reflectance) have been used to detect fog. The reflectance during fog was higher by 0.05-0.6 than that during clear-sky, and varied seasonally. In this study, the threshold values included uncertainties when clouds existed above a layer of fog.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.78-91
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• 1998

This descriptive study was conducted in order to develop a standard criteria for nursing laboratory facilities and equipment for use by the 3 year nursing colleges. The data was collected from Aug. 28 to Sept. 30, 1997 by mail from 44 3 year nursing schools. To develop a standard criteria, the syllabi for Fundamentals of Nursing laboratory and for Physical Assessment were collected and analyzed. The following information was elicited and analyzed by the researchers : 1. for each procedure in the syllabus, the percentage of schools using the procedures 2. the facilities and equipment recognized as necessary and the percentage of schools which possess each item 3. calculation of the standard criteria for size of the nursing laboratory together with a list of the necessary facilities and equipment. The results of the study were as follows : 1. The Size of facility was 181.2m2 for fundamentals of Nursing laboratory and 56.4m2 for the storage room. For those whose number of students exceed 120, 1.98m2 is required for each students. 2. The number of items included in the standard criteria was 92 for Fundamentals of Nursing and Physical Assessment and 47 for other nursing subjects. The items made of rubber, plastic and the disposable ones were suggested but excluded from the standard criteria. Based on the above findings, the following suggestions were made : 1. Periodic review of the standard criteria is necessary to update the standard. 2. A study on the standardization of the curriculum for basic science laboratory, including experiment and a standard criteria of equipment, is necessary. 3. A study to develop a computer program for management of nursing laboratory facilities and equipment is needed.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2011

This research presents the correction method to correct the location error of cloud caused by parallax error, and how the method can reduce the position error. The procedure has two steps: first step is to retrieve the corrected satellite zenith angle from the original satellite zenith angle. Second step is to adjust the location of the cloud with azimuth angle and the corrected satellite zenith angle retrieved from the first step. The position error due to parallax error can be as large as 60km in case of 70 degree of satellite zenith angle and 15 km of cloud height. The validation results by MODIS(Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) show that the correction method in this study properly adjusts the original cloud position error and can increase the utilization of geostationary satellite data.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.911-917
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle activity of the lower limbs when walking in jeans in order to obtain basic information for development of new jeans patterns with excellent movement adaptability. Using three types of jeans (basic, medium, and slim) with different ease on hip, knee circumference, and crotch length, and two different types of shoes, Electromyogram (EMG) of the lower limbs muscle was measured for four healthy subjects walking on treadmills and stairs. EMG of vastus lateralis, semitendinous, tibialis anterior and medial head of gastrocnemius muscles was measured. The muscle activity was assessed in RMS (Root Mean Square) value of the EMG. On the treadmill in sneakers, only the vastus lateralis muscle showed a significant difference in RMS value depending on patterns. Basic and medium jeans allowed higher muscle activity than trunks of slim jeans did. On the treadmill in high heels and slim jeans, the RMS values of all muscles were significantly smaller than in basic jeans, whereas no significant differences were shown while in trunks or medium jeans. On the stairs either in sneakers or in high heels, no significant differences were shown between all muscle activities for all types of jeans. On the treadmill, greater fatigue was induced in all muscles from walking in high heels than in sneakers for all jeans patterns. When walking on the stairs wearing either type of shoes, however, the effect of jeans pattern on muscle activities was different from muscle to muscle.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 1995

The picosecond time resolved fluorescence spectra of Hematoporphyrin Derivative (HPD) in both solutions and cancer cell are measured by a time correlated single photon counting system with a synchronously mode locked dye laser. Two exoponential decay components in the fluorescence spectra were observed. The slow decay(6.3 ㎱)and the fast one(350 ㎰)are attributed to be originated from monomers and dimers, respectively. The absorption and fluorescence measurements in steady state also showed the presence of a monomeric and dimeric forms of HPD molecules. The monomer lifetime in the cancer cell was measured to be longer than that in solution, which was expected from the blue shift and narrowing of the absorption spectra for HPD-treated in vitro. The relative amplitude of the fast component was found to be enhanced in cancer cell, strongly indicating the higher affinity of the dimer for the cancer cell.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.134-144
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• 2016

In adults, mallet finger is a traumatic zone I lesion of the extensor tendon with either tendon rupture or bony avulsion at the base of the distal phalanx. High-energy mechanisms of injury generally occur in young men, whereas lower energy mechanisms are observed in elderly women. The mechanism of injury is an axial load applied to a straight digit tip, which is then followed by passive extreme distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) hyperextension or hyperflexion. Mallet finger is diagnosed clinically, but an X-ray should always be performed. Tubiana's classification takes into account the size of the bony articular fragment and DIPJ subluxation. We propose to stage subluxated fractures as stage III if the subluxation is reducible with a splint and as stage IV if not. Left untreated, mallet finger becomes chronic and leads to a swan-neck deformity and DIPJ osteoarthritis. The goal of treatment is to restore active DIPJ extension. The results of a six- to eight-week conservative course of treatment with a DIPJ splint in slight hyperextension for tendon lesions or straight for bony avulsions depends on patient compliance. Surgical treatments vary in terms of the approach, the reduction technique, and the means of fixation. The risks involved are stiffness, septic arthritis, and osteoarthritis. Given the lack of consensus regarding indications for treatment, we propose to treat all cases of mallet finger with a dorsal glued splint except for stage IV mallet finger, which we treat with extra-articular pinning.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.117-120
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• 1971

The effect and osmotic characteristics of sugars for the growth of Saccharomyces rouxii $T_9$ were examined and their results obtained were as follows. (1) The best effective sugars for the growth of Saccharomyces rouxii $T_9$ were inulin, fructose and maltose. (2) Glucose, saccharose, galactose and arabinose were more effective on the media containing 20 percent of NaCl than containing none of NaCl, while fructose, inulin, xylose, sorbitol, raffinose, mannitol, mannose, trehalose and rhamnose were more effective on the media containing none of NaCl. (3) Maltose and lactose were excellent for the growth of Saccharomyces rouxii $T_9$ as addition of 5 to 10 percent on the media containing NaCl and more good in case of 15 percent or more addition on the media containing none of NaCl. (4) Saccharomyces rouxii $T_9$ was generally grown well on the media at the range of containing 15 to 30 percent of sugar concentration. (5) Saccharomyces rouxii $T_9$ was grown up to 80 percent concentration of glucose and 90 of saccharose and maltose.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.231-241
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• 1993

A survey of food intake and waste rate on 60 Korean style restaurants in Seoul. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The total served weight of Pibimbab(mixed rice) was 475.66 g per person, waste rate was 6.0%, frequent side dishes were bae-chu kimchi, kak-du-gi, suk-ju-namul by the order. 2. Han- jeong-sik(Korean style full course food) were served with many kinds and varied numbers of side dishes, and waste rate of those were higher than other menu items. 3. The average serving size of Naeng-myeun(Cold noodle) was 641.00 g, and the waste rate was 11.1%. The waste rate of side dishes was about zero. 4. Man-du kuk(dumpling soup) was served 695.34 g. Most of side dishes served has high waste rate which is more than 50%, average. 5. Seol-nong tang(meat soup) was served 755.70 g, side dishes of that were simple such as kak-du-ki or paek kimchi. The average waste rate of side dishes was about 40%. Yuk-gae-jang(Hot meat soup) was 494.83 g a person, waste rate of that were 24.1%, and minimum and maximum waste rate of side dishes were 3.3, 100%, respectively. 6. Kimchi chigae(Kimchi stew) and Doen-jang chigae(fermented soy stew) were served with varied number of side dishes. 7. Deong-sim gui(grilled meat) and Pulgogi(grilled meat with sauce) were served 196.83 g and 308.98 g. The average waste rate of those were 0.7% and 5.8%, respectively. But waste rate of side dishes was 33%. We would like to decrease waste rate by proposing recommended items and weight of some food for ${\ulcorner}Good{\;}Menu{\lrcorner}$.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.15-34
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• 2007

This study held a questionnaire for men in their 60s or above to analyze the market research of slacks, understand the characteristics of their lower body types, and provide the basic data for the slacks pattern-making fitting the body types of senior citizens. The findings are as follows. According to the results of a questionnaire, elderly men preferred order-made slacks for better fitness, but they favored ready-made owing to the matter of prices. In particular, the girth of waist was the most considered when purchasing. However, as most customers tended to repair slacks length and the waist part, their unsatisfaction with sizes was rather high. In body measurements, elderly men had higher variable coefficients or more individual differences in the items of thickness and angles than in those of height, length, and girth. Factor analysis revealed 5 front and 6 side factors. According to the results of front-side somatotype analysis, pimento-flat, trapezoid-flat, and bent-flat types require narrower pattern designs in down-upper width than the middle-aged class. In addition, pimento-protruded hip and straight-jar types need to be designed in the same amount as in the middle-aged class. Based on the questionnaire results, down-upper length as 1cm above real dimensions was analyzed to have superior sense of wearing.