• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.67-70
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• 2007

A thymic carcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm of the thymus epithelium, which can be distinguished from a benign or invasive thymoma. Contrary to a thymoma, the association of a thymic carcinoma and autoimmune disease is rare, with only a few cases having been reported. Herein, a case of thymic carcinoma diagnosed concurrently with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is reported. A 49 year-old man presented at our clinic with myalgia. He was diagnosed with SLE, based on an oral ulcer, lymphopenia, and positive ANA and anti-Sm antibodies. Incidentally, a routine chest X-ray showed a large mediastinal mass. Pathological examination of the mediastinal mass revealed an undifferentiated thymic carcinoma, of WHO classification type C. Further work-up for staging showed multiple bone and lung metastases. With a palliative aim, he received systemic chemotherapy, but refused further chemotherapy after the $2^{nd}$ course. Currently, the patient has not been followed up since the chemotherapy.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.16-23
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• 2007

Changeable biometrics has been developed as a solution to problem of enhancing security and privacy. The idea is to transform a biometric signal or feature into a new one for the purposes of enrollment and matching. In this paper, we propose a changeable biometric system that can be applied to appearance based face recognition system. In the first step when using feature extraction, ICA(Independent Component Analysis) coefficient vectors extracted from an input face image are replaced randomly using their mean and variation. The transformed vectors by replacement are scrambled randomly and a new transformed face coefficient vector (transformed template) is generated by combination of the two transformed vectors. When this transformed template is compromised, it is replaced with new random numbers and a new scrambling rule. Because e transformed template is generated by e addition of two vectors, e original ICA coefficients could not be easily recovered from the transformed coefficients.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1177-1181
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• 2004

The determination of uric acid in urine samples was studied by a chemiluminescence measurement using tris (2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)-octylphenylpolyglycolether [Ru$(bpy)_3^{2+}$ -OPE] system. The oxidized uric acid by Ce(IV) excited Ru$(bpy)_3^{2+}$ to emit a chemiluminescence in this system so that the intensity was stoichio-metrically dependent upon the concentration of uric acid. In a reaction cell, a luminescent reagent, oxidant, surfactant and sulfuric acid were flowed into and mixed with a taken sample. Experimental conditions were optimized to obtain the maximum intensity of chemiluminescence. Each reactant solution of more than the following concentration gave a good result: $2\;{\times}\;10^{?4}$ M Ru$(bpy)_3^{2+}$ , 0.01 M Ce(IV), 6% OPE, and 0.33 M $H_2SO_4$. Any interferences were not shown in this process by the investigation of concomitant constitutes such as albumin, creatine, lactic acid, glucose, urea, $Cl^?,\; Mg^{2+},\;Ca^{2+}$ and so on. The linearity of a calibration curve was good with r = 0.998, the relative standard deviation of the slope was 3.3% and the detection limit was 5.6ng/mL. The recoveries of 80 to 91% were obtained from the standard spiked samples. The values were little bit low, but this procedure could be considered to be reliable for the determination of trace uric acid in urine samples.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.50-55
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• 2015

In this study, we have investigated solvent extraction of Ga and recovery of high pure Ga solution from MOCVD dust for manufacturing of LED chip. Effect of extractan, concentration of extractant were examined for choosing the more effective extractant and high pure Ga solution was fabricated by multi-stage extraction/stripping process. For extraction/separation of Ga based on the analysis of raw-material in previous study, 3 different extractants PC 99A, DP-8R, Cyanex 272 has been investigated and the extraction efficiency of 1.5 M Cyanex 272 was 43.8%. It was conformed that extraction efficiency of Ga was 83% in multi-stage extraction and 5N high purity Ga stripping solution without impurities also obtained.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.459-472
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop an Implicit Association Test to measure students' gender-biased attitude toward Home Economics, a required subject in middle-school and to examine the effects of gender, gender-biased attitude toward Home Economics, and gender egalitarianism on the perception of the subject. A total of 508 male and female middle-school students were surveyed using Qualtrics. The results revealed that the students had a gender-biased attitude of perceiving Home Economics as feminine as a whole, and this tendency was more evident among female than male students. To the contrary, their attitudes toward Home Economics as a subject was generally favorable when asked explicitly using self-administered questions. Among the high school elective classes, students preferred 'fashion' most, followed by 'dietary life', 'technology and home economics', and 'family life culture'. Female students, students with patriarchal attitude, and students who has gender-biased attitude toward Home Economics were more likely to perceive Home Economics as an alienated and less important subject. The generally positive explicit attitude toward Home Economics may be the results the social desirability effect due to the education. However, the home economists should develop a plan to overcome the gender-biased implicit attitude in order for the value of Home Economics as a subject to be fully addressed.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.141-160
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• 2006

In order to obtain and maintain competitive advantage, under rapidly changing maritime environment, liners should make efforts to reinforce their logistics service capabilities. Most of all, for this, shipping lines should accurately recognize and evaluate their logistics service attributes. In the present research, various logistics service attributes for ocean carriers were selected from previous studies and the observed data for 6 main service attributes were collected through a questionnaire survey to 31 maritime experts. Moreover, shipping lines' relative logistics service capabilities were measured by an additional survey process. The comparative gravity between core evaluation factors were measured by AHP technique and the relative capability levels of 2 Korean liners and 5 foreign shipping companies were assessed by utilizing a fuzzy model. The empirical result presents that Korean liners are superior at customer service capability but inferior at freight rate competitiveness. This research shows that Korean liners are ranked at high position for overall logistics service capabilities and focusing on the differentiation strategy but not on the cost related strategy.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.33-47
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• 2019

The environmental ecological flow (EEF) of stream or river will be designated according to the enforcement of the Water Environment Preservation Act. Previous researches by Ministry of Environment have proposed agricultural reservoirs as alternative resources to secure river flow where multi-purpose dam does not exist. However, agricultural reservoirs are constructed for the supply of agricultural water, and in fact, there is not a sufficient amount of water to be supplied to rivers as EEF. Therefore, this study examines the economic feasibility of securing EEF through the remodeling or construction of agricultural reservoirs. We investigated water balance of reservoir through simulation of three types of water supply demands such as agricultural water, agricultural water and river maintenance flow, and agricultural water and environmental ecology flow. The economics analysis was conducted on water supply demands and corresponding remodeling or construction of reservoirs. As a result, it was found that the method of securing through heightening existing reservoir enhancement is economically feasible. However, it was not possible to secure all the amount of the EEF due to the size limitation of existing reservoirs or constrain of the watershed for newly built reservoir. Therefore, in order to secure all of the EEF, the utilization of other alternatives as well as agricultural reservoirs should be considered. This study demonstrated the method of economical feasibility study of securing river maintenace flow and EEF using agricultural reservoirs and other considerations.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.933-939
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of drying methods on the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.). Pumpkins were dried naturally ($25^{\circ}C$), hot-air drying ($60^{\circ}C$), and throgh freeze drying ($-40^{\circ}C$) methods. The moisture activities were highest in the freeze dried group. The soluble solid showed no significant differences among all groups. The pH was highest in the freeze dried group. The L values were increasing in freeze dried group, whereas the b values were increased in hot-air dried group. The free sugar was highest in freeze dried group. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of hot-air dried group was higher than those of the other groups. The ABTS radical scavenging activities were highest with hot-air dried group and freeze dried group. It was established that hot-air dried group is the most effective drying method for the production of high quality dried pumpkin.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.41-56
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• 2021

Purpose - This empirical study examined the influence of post-communist countries sociol-political factor of freedom of expression preconditioning, and trust in agency, mediating performance expectancy of social media users representing the citizens' behavioural intention to utilize social media in a post-communist country, the case of Mongolia. Design/methodology/approach - This research collected 403 valid survey data from citizens those who use social media in Mongolia. The study used Partial Least Squire (PLS) analysis with the research conceptual model founded on the UTAUT model. Findings - The study shown that citizens in post-communist, they strongly willing freedom of expression, which driving as a positive precondition factor, and this has an indirect positive influence, and trust in agency mediates to enhance performance expectancy. Social influence, and effort expectancy factors have direct positive influence on the intention to use of social media systems in the public sector domain of Mongolia. Research implications or Originality - This research proposed a new model to test citizens' intention to use social media as a communication tool to engage with public organizations in the pre-adoption stage of post-communist countries. Theoretically, this research builds up to the unique theoretical contribution with social media by examining a new social media-based third-party intercommunication medium, incorporating intent to utilize for citizens with government in post-communist countries. Practically, this article lays out the directions to aid social media usage for government sector with concerning citizens intentions in the post-communist situation.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.427-440
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• 2021

Objectives: We classified items required for dental hygienists' ethics training by domains. We administered a survey on experts using the Delphi method to collect opinions for guiding future trainings. Methods: 33 participants were selected and analyzed using the Delphi method thrice. Results: For relationships with patients, the item "1.3.1.1 I can keep the confidentiality of the information obtained from patients, including mature minors, related to their specific disease and treatment during medical care as well as other personal information of the patients." had the highest mean value (mean=4.88). For medical and social relations, "2.3.2.2 I can understand how staff provide dental services as a team and explain a dental hygienist's roles and responsibilities that enable a team to function effectively." had the highest mean value (mean=4.85). For individual specialized fields, "3.1.1.1 I can explain the roles and responsibilities in public health of individuals, the public, the state and professional dental hygienist." showed the highest mean value (mean=4.82). Conclusions: We identified 3 categories, 14 sub-categories, and 53 items on the scope of training and standards for ethical competencies for practical applications in professional ethics training of dental hygienists.