• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.1063-1076
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• 2022

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of Hermetia illucens larvae (HIL) as protein and protease on growth performance, blood profiles, fecal microflora, and gas emission in growing pig. In experiment 1, the seventy-two crossbred growing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with an initial body weight (BW) of 27.98 ± 2.95 kg were randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments (3 pigs per pen and 6 replicates pen per treatments). The experimental design was a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments evaluating two diets (Poultry offal diets and HIL diets) without or with supplementing protease. The poultry offal in basal diet has been replaced by HIL. In experiment 2, the four crossbred growing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with an initial BW of 28.2 ± 0.1 kg were individually accepted in stainless steel metabolism cages. The dietary treatments included: 1) PO- (PO-; poultry offal diet), 2) PO+ (PO- + 0.05% protease), 3) HIL- (3% PO of PO- diet was replacement 3% HIL), 4) HIL+ (HIL- + 0.05% protease). In experiment 1, From weeks 0 to 2, average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G:F) were significantly increased in the PO diet group compared with the HIL group. From weeks 2 to 4, ADG and G:F were higher for protease group than for non-protease group. At weeks 2 and 4, the PO diet group had lower blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels than HIL diet group. In experiment 2, crude protein (CP) and nitrogen (N) retention were decreased by HIL diet at weeks 2 and 4. The fecal microflora and gas emission were not affected by HIL and protease. The HIL diet showed lower CP digestibility than PO diet and total essential amino acids digestibility tended to higher in PO diet than HIL diet. In summary, the present study revealed that replacement of the PO protein with the HIL protein and the additive of protease in growing pig diets during the overall experimental period had no negative effect.

• BMB Reports
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.234-239
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• 2023

Thioredoxin-like protein 1 (TXNL1), one of the thioredoxin superfamily known as redox-regulator, plays an essential in maintaining cell survival via various antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. It is well known that relationship between ischemia and oxidative stress, however, the role of TXNL1 protein in ischemic damage has not been fully investigated. In the present study, we aimed to determine the protective role of TXNL1 against on ischemic injury in vitro and in vivo using cell permeable Tat-TXNL1 fusion protein. Transduced Tat-TXNL1 inhibited ROS production and cell death in H₂O₂-exposed hippocampal neuronal (HT-22) cells and modulated MAPKs and Akt activation, and pro-apoptotic protein expression levels in the cells. In an ischemia animal model, Tat-TXNL1 markedly decreased hippocampal neuronal cell death and the activation of astrocytes and microglia. These findings indicate that cell permeable Tat-TXNL1 protects against oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo ischemic animal model. Therefore, we suggest Tat-TXNL1 can be a potential therapeutic protein for ischemic injury.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.671-682
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• 2019

Objective: To investigate whether computed tomography (CT) and fluorine-18-labeled fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) may be applied to distinguish thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) from benign cysts in the anterior mediastinum. Materials and Methods: We included 262 consecutive patients with pathologically proven TETs and benign cysts 5 cm or smaller who underwent preoperative CT scans. In addition to conventional morphological and ancillary CT findings, the relationship between the lesion and the adjacent mediastinal pleura was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. Mean lesion attenuation was measured on CT images. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was obtained with FDG-PET scans in 40 patients. CT predictors for TETs were identified with multivariate logistic regression analysis. For validation, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy and inter-observer agreement between four radiologists in a size-matched set of 24 cysts and 24 TETs using a receiver operating characteristic curve before and after being informed of the study findings. Results: The multivariate analysis showed that post-contrast attenuation of 60 Hounsfield unit or higher (odds ratio [OR], 12.734; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.506-64.705; p = 0.002) and the presence of protrusion from the mediastinal pleura (OR, 9.855; 95% CI, 1.749-55.535; p = 0.009) were the strongest CT predictors for TETs. SUVmax was significantly higher in TETs than in cysts (5.3 ± 2.4 vs. 1.1 ± 0.3; p < 0.001). After being informed of the study findings, the readers' area under the curve improved from 0.872-0.955 to 0.949-0.999 (p = 0.066-0.149). Inter-observer kappa values for protrusion were 0.630-0.941. Conclusion: Post-contrast CT attenuation, protrusion from the mediastinal pleura, and SUVmax were useful imaging features for distinguishing TETs from cysts in the anterior mediastinum.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.304-310
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• 2014

Antioxidative, immunostimulating, and antihypertensive activities of hot water extracts of fermented Hizikia fusiformis were evaluated. Fermentation with lactic acid bacteria generally increased the biological activities of H. fusiformis. Fermentation with isolated Weissella sp. SH-1 resulted in 13.83-62.15% DPPH radical scavenging activity and 34.90-59.25% SOD-like activity. The maximal inhibition of ACE was 82.25%, and the maximal reduction in NO production was 46.53%. Fermentation with Lactobacillus casei resulted in 11.98-72.84% DPPH radical scavenging activity and 14.17-33.62% of SOD-like activity. The maximal inhibition of ACE was 73.31%, and the maximal reduction in NO production was 65.20%. These results hint at the applicability of fermentation with lactic acid bacteria to improve the diverse biological activities of H. fusiformis and to develop functional materials or foods.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.139-148
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• 2015

In this paper, the optimum coding method is proposed by using open library in order to improve the performance of a software correlator developed for Korea-Japan Joint VLBI Correlator(KJJVC). The correlation system for VLBI observing system is generally implemented with hardware using ASIC or FPGA because the computational quantity is increased geometrically according to the participated observatory number. However, the software correlation system is recently constructed at a massive server such as a cluster using software according to the development of computing power. Since VLBI correlator implemented with hardware is able to conduct data processing with real-time or quasi real-time compared with mostly observational time, software correlation has to perform optimal data processing in coding work so as to have the same performance as that of the hardware. Therefore, in this paper, the experimental comparison was conducted by open-source based fftw library released in FFT processing stage, which is the most important part of the correlator system for performing optimum coding work in software development phase, such as general method using fftw library or methods using SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions), shared memory, or OpenMP, and method using merged techniques listed above. Through the experimental results, the proposed optimum coding method for improving the performance of developed software correlator using fftw library, shared memory and OpenMP is effectively confirmed by reducing correlation time compared with conventional method.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.539-545
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• 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of beekeeping by-products added to drinking water on the growth performance and intestinal and fecal microflora of Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. A total of 72 five-week-old ICR mice with an initial body weight (BW) of 24.57 ± 0.60 g were used in a two-week experiment. The four treatment groups were as follows; 1) CON, normal distilled water; 2) T1, CON with 0.7% beehive extract; 3) T2, CON with 0.7% propolis (PRO); and 4) T3, CON with 0.7% royal jelly (RJ). Each treatment consisted of 6 replicate cages with 3 mice per cage. At 0 - 1 week, T3 showed a significantly higher (p < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed efficiency (G : F) than that of CON. Compared with CON, T2 showed a significantly higher (p < 0.05) BWG and feed intake at 1 - 2 weeks. During the entire period, T2 and T3 showed a significantly higher (p < 0.05) BWG and G : F compared to CON. The amount of Salmonella and Lactobacillus in the large intestine was significantly decreased and increased (p < 0.05) in T2 and T3, respectively, compared to CON. The amount of Escherichia coli in the fecal matter was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) compared to CON in all treatment groups to which beekeeping by-products were added. In conclusion, the addition of PRO or RJ to the drinking water of ICR mice had a positive effect on the growth performance and the intestinal and fecal microflora.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.127-138
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the general distribution and the efficacy of oriental medical treatment for Lumbar Disc Herniation. Subjects and Methods : The 137 patients who had a diagnosis of HIVD by Lumbar-CT of Lumbar-MRI and admitted to Dunsan oriental medical hospital in Daejon university from January 2005 to December 2007 were observed. They were analyzed according to the distribution of sex, age, the period of disease, causing factor, The patient-condition on admission, the symptom on admission, Admission day, Herniation type of the disc and the treatment efficacy was evaluated respectively. Results : 1. Male was more than female in the ratio of 1 : 1.174, and forties 28% the most, the acutest phase 48% the most, reason unknown 30% the most, Grade III 42% the most, Back and Leg radiate pain 65% the most, the day of 6-10 29% the most, protruded disc type 48% the most. 2. In the total treatment result, the good was 48%, the excellent 28%, the fair 15%, the poor 9% in order. 3. the "effective rate"(the percentage of positive effective treatment case) of each distribution, the thirties and fifties 100% the most, subacute phase 100% the most, exercise, traffic accident 100% the most respectively, Grade III 93% the most, only low back pain 97% the most, the day of 16-20 100% the most, Extruded disc 100% the most. Conclusions : Total effective rate was 91%. We have Known the efficacy of oriental medical treatment for HIVD, was good and early treatment was better than late treatment.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.72 no.6
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• pp.486-492
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• 2012

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze clinical situations requiring rigid bronchoscopy and evaluate usefulness of rigid bronchoscopic intervention in benign or malignant airway disorders. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 29 patients who underwent rigid bronchoscopy from November 2007 to February 2011 at St. Paul's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine. Results: Of the 29 patients, the most frequent underlying etiology was benign stenosis of trachea (n=20). Of those 20 patients, 16 had post-intubation tracheal stenosis (PITS), 2 had tracheal stenosis due to inhalation burn (IBTS) and other 2 had obstructive fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane (OFTP). Other etiologies were airway malignancy (n=6), endobronchial stenosis due to tuberculosis (n=2), and foreign body (n=1). For treatment, silicone stent insertion was done in 16 cases of PITS and IBTS and mechanical removal was performed in 2 cases of OFTP. In 6 cases of malignant airway obstruction mechanical debulking was performed and silicone stents were inserted additionally in 2 cases. Balloon dilatation and electrocautery were used in 2 cases of endobronchial stenosis due to tuberculosis. In all cases of stent, airway obstructive symptom improved immediately. Granulation tissue formation was the most common complication. Conclusion: Tracheal stenosis was most common indication and silicone stenting was most common procedure of rigid bronchoscopy in our center. Rigid bronchoscopic procedures, at least tracheal silicone stenting, should be included in pulmonary medicine fellowship programs because it is a very effective and indispensable method to relieve critical airway obstruction which needs training to learn.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2016

Objectives : This study is to research on usage patterns, recognition of system to Korean medicine among high school students who are the potential future medical consumer. Methods : Based on the questionnaire used by KIHASA(Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs) in 2011 and KHIDI(Korea Health Industry Development Institute) in 2014, modifications were made to make questionnaire more suitable for this research. This self-administered questionnaire was conducted among 1,025 highschool students of 3 high schools in Ulsan city on september, 2015. Except 19 cases which considered statistically insignificant or with unreliable responses, 1,007 cases were analyzed by p-paired test and ANOVA test through the SPSS 22.0 for Win program. Results : Most of the high school students(66.5%) do not have an experience on Korean medical care. The number of students' first experience on Korean medical care is the largest during their elementary school (34.9%), which means the treatment was mostly for restorative reasons like growth care. The later the time of their first experience on Korean medical care, the higher ratio was shown on their recent utilization of Korean medical care. Korean medicine was rarely covered in most cases of public health education at school, and this public health education and usage pattern on Korean medicine have positive correlation. Compared 'Group who have used Korean medical care in 1 years except recent 3 months' to the 'Group who have used Korean medical care in 3 recent months', the former showed higher recognition in Korean medical care and insurance system. Conclusions : The proportion of Korean medicine is as low as 4.5% to whole medical market, and most of the consumers are senior. In addition, the aging phenomenon of Korean medical consumer have been continued. This specialized study on usage patterns and recognition among youth can be the basic research data which can be used for promotion, education and establishment of health policy and health care system.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.877-881
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• 2011

This study was investigated the quality characteristics of Makgeolli containing different types of Nuruk grain inoculated with A. oryzae N041. In an analysis of the quality characteristics of four types of Nuruk grain, mung beans Nuruk grain had higher acidity, amino acidity and saccharogenic power than rice Nuruk grain. In an analysis of four types of brewed Nuruk grain, mung beans Nuruk grain had the highest sugar and reducing sugar contents. On the other hand, mung beans Nuruk grain had the lowest alcohol content. Citric acid, malic acid and succinic acid have been identified as the major organic acids in Makgeolli. The amounts of organic acids were 1,748.5 mg% in rice Nuruk grain, 1,553.9 mg% in mung beans Nuruk grain, 1,003.2 mg% in barley Nuruk grain and 940.8 mg% in adlay Nuruk grain. In particular, Makgeolli brewed with mung beans Nuruk grain had the highest content of the organic acids, which is expected to deepen its flavor.