• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.105-113
• /
• 2011

The present study investigated the nuclear remodeling, development potential with telomerase activity and transcription level of X-linked genes (ANT3, HPRT, MeCP2, RPS4X, XIAP, XIST and ZFX) in the bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos using two different fusion and activation methods. Female adult fibroblasts were injected into perivitelline space of in vitro matured oocytes. The oocyte-nucleus complexes were fused and followed by immediately either activated (Group 1), or activated at 1 h post-fusion (hpf) (Group 2), respectively. The incidence of normal premature chromosome condensation (PCC) at 1 hpf was slightly increased in the Group 2, compared to those of Group 1, but there was no significant (p<0.05) difference. The incidence of normal pronucleus (PN) and chromosome spread at 5 and 18 hpf were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the Group 2 than those of Group 1. The cleavage rate to 2-cell stage, developmental rate to blastocyst stage, and the mean number of total and ICM cell numbers were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the Group 2, compared to those of Group 1. Level of telomerase activity was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the SCNT blastocysts of Group 2, compared to those of Group 1. Transcript levels of HPRT, MeCP2 and XIST were not significantly (p<0.05) different between blastocysts of Group 1 and 2. However, transcript level of ANT3, RPS4X, XIAP and ZFX were significantly (p<0.05) up-regulated in the SCNT blastocysts of Group 2, compared to those of Group 1. Taken together, it is concluded that oocyte activation at 1 hpf induces the enhanced developmental potential by efficient nuclear remodeling and subsequent facilitation of the nuclear reprogramming of bovine SCNT embryos.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.13 no.8
• /
• pp.3961-3965
• /
• 2012

Objective: To compare the clinical effects of concurrent radiochemotherapy with those of radiotherapy in treating locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Stage III~IVa). Methods: A total of 95 patients suffering from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Stage III~IVa) were divided into two groups: concurrent radiochemotherapy (Group CCRT, n=49) and radiotherapy (Group RT, n=46). The two groups were both delivered conventional fractionated radiotherapy, while Group CCRT also received three cycles of PF (DDP+5-Fu) or PLF (DDP+5-Fu+CF) chemotherapy. Results: The complete remission rate and total remission rate of Group CCRT were higher than those of Group RT ($X^2$=4.72~7.19, P<0.05). The one-year overall survival (OS) rate calculated by the life table method, was also higher than that of Group RT ($X^2$=4.24, P<0.05) as well as the 3-year OS rate, nasopharyngeal control rate and cervical lymph nodes' control rate ($X^2$=4.28~4.40, P<0.05). In addition, the 5-year OS and metastasis-free rates of Group CCRT were higher than those of Group RT and the differences were of statistical importance ($X^2$=3.96~8.26, P<0.05). However, acute toxicity was also obviously higher, the difference in gastrointestinal reactions being statistically significant ($X^2$=11.70, P<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that concurrent radiochemotherapy could improve the remission rate, overall survival rate and locally control rate. The toxicity of concurrent radiochemotherapy could be tolerated by the patients.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• v.38 no.3_4
• /
• pp.221-238
• /
• 2020

Let G = (V (G), E(G)) be a graph and let g : V (G) → S₃ be a function. For each edge xy assign the label r where r is the remainder when o(g(x)) is divided by o(g(y)) or o(g(y)) is divided by o(g(x)) according as o(g(x)) ≥ o(g(y)) or o(g(y)) ≥ o(g(x)). The function g is called a group S₃ cordial remainder labeling of G if |v_g(i)-v_g(j)| ≤ 1 and |e_g(1)-e_g(0)| ≤ 1, where v_g(j) denotes the number of vertices labeled with j and e_g(i) denotes the number of edges labeled with i (i = 0, 1). A graph G which admits a group S₃ cordial remainder labeling is called a group S₃ cordial remainder graph. In this paper, we prove that subdivision of graphs admit a group S₃ cordial remainder labeling.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.231-234
• /
• 1997

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the precise spreading pattern of contrast media in small increments in rabbits. Following pentobarbital anesthesia, the epidural puncture was done surgically with a blunt hook. Methods: The tip of epidural catheter was located at the mid-portion of T7 and T12, in the T7 group (n=7) and T12 group (n=8), respectively. Injection of the contrast media was started at 0.1 mL/kg and increased by 0.1 mL/kg up to a maximum of 0.6, mL/kg, under fluoroscopy. Results: In both groups, the extent of spread increased continuously as a Starling resistor with increasing injected volume(T7 group: $y=4.0+41.8x-28.1x^2$, T12 group: $y=0.2+57.7x-43.5x^2$) the total spread of contrast media was similar. The contrast media spread equally, both rostral and caudal, from catheter tip in T7 group; media spread approximately twice as far rostral as compared to caudal in T12 group (P<0.05). Conclusions: In rabbits, the position of epidural catheter tip should be positioned 2~3 segments below the aimed segment in lower thoracic or lumbar region, whereas in mid-thoracic region it should be positioned close to the level of aimed segment. Rabbits have relatively small epidural space therefore, the volume of injectant should be carefully determined with the suggested equations of this study.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• v.39 no.1_2
• /
• pp.223-237
• /
• 2021

Let G = (V (G), E(G)) be a graph and let g : V (G) → S3 be a function. For each edge xy assign the label r where r is the remainder when o(g(x)) is divided by o(g(y)) or o(g(y)) is divided by o(g(x)) according as o(g(x)) ≥ o(g(y)) or o(g(y)) ≥ o(g(x)). The function g is called a group S3 cordial remainder labeling of G if |vg(i)-vg(j)| ≤ 1 and |eg(1)-eg(0)| ≤ 1, where vg(j) denotes the number of vertices labeled with j and eg(i) denotes the number of edges labeled with i (i = 0, 1). A graph G which admits a group S3 cordial remainder labeling is called a group S3 cordial remainder graph. In this paper, we prove that square of the path, duplication of a vertex by a new edge in path and cycle graphs, duplication of an edge by a new vertex in path and cycle graphs and total graph of cycle and path graphs admit a group S3 cordial remainder labeling.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.381-392
• /
• 2002

This study attempted to indentify changeability of the factorial structure of kinematic analysis in bowling. Subjects of group composed of three groups : Higher bowers who are national representative bowers with 200 average point and one pro-bowler. Middle bowlers who are three common persons with 170 average points. Lower bowler who are three common persons with 150 average points. Motion analysis on throw motion in three groups respectively has been made through three-dimension cinematography using DLT method. Two high-speed video camera at operating 180 and 60 frame per secondary. T-test factorial structure analysis has been used to define variable relations. It was concluded that : 1. The difference of x1, x2, x4, x8, x9, x11, x12, x13 where significant between two group. 2. The difference of number of spin and angle of the back-hand where statistically significant between two group(p<.001, p<.05) 3. The correlation over r=.5 between the kinematic data x1, x2, x3, x9, x10, x11. In the rotation loading matrix Factor 1 was x1, x2, x9, x10 and Factor 2 relates to x3, x11. 4. In order to obtain the factor score as follow as ; Factor 1 = (0.248)X1 + (0.265)X2 + (-0.074)X3 + (0.259)X9 + (0.259)X10 + (-0.025)X11 Factor 2=(-0.016)X1 + (-0.055)X2 + (0.84)X3 + (-0.013)X9 + (-0.007)X10 + (0.553)X11.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• v.17 no.1_2_3
• /
• pp.771-778
• /
• 2005

In this paper we shall give some group properties derived from the characteristic ring-module $_X(M)$, using the fact that $_X(M)_H$ is a conjugate to $_X(M)_{Ha}$ when M is an invertible right R-module. Also we shall prove that_X(M)$ is group-isomorphic to TR and some normal subgroup properties if M is invertible and R is commutative.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.675-689
• /
• 2009

As a sequel to the papers [2, 3], we will complete our identification of the groups of units of the finite local rings $\mathbb{Z}_4$[X]/($X^k$ + 2t(X), $2X^{\gamma}$) which is the most general type of finite local rings with a single nilpotent generator over $\mathbb{Z}_4$.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.193-198
• /
• 2009

In the previous work [5] we have determined the group ${{\varepsilon}_{\sharp}}^{dim+r}^{dim+r}(X)$ for $X\;=\;M(Z_q,\;n+1){\vee}M(Z_q,\;n)$ for all integers q > 1. In this paper, we investigate the group ${{\varepsilon}_{\sharp}}^{dim+r}(X)$ for $X\;=\;M(Z{\oplus}Z_q,\;n+1){\vee}M(Z{\oplus}Z_q,\;n)$ for all odd numbers q > 1.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.124-131
• /
• 2007

Methane is partially oxidized to produce the syngas by the lattice oxygen of metal oxides in the absence of gaseous oxygen. The present work deals with ferrite including copper component, which does not chemisorb methane, to investigate the suppression of the carbon deposition during the reduction of metal oxides by methane. Iron-based oxides of $Cu_xFe_{3-x}O_4$(X=0.25, 0.5, 1.0) was synthesized by the co-precipitation method. Thermogravimetric Analysis(TGA) was used to observe the isothermal reduction behavior of $Cu_xFe_{3-x}O_4$ and $Fe_3O_4$ at $600-900^{\circ}C$ under methane atmosphere. The crystal structures of reduced specimens were characterized by X-rays powder diffraction(XRD) technique. From the analyses of TGA, it is concluded that the reduction kinetics of $CuFe_2O_4$ was the fastest among $Fe_3O_4$ and $Cu_xFe_{3-x}O_4$(X=0.25, 0.5, 1.0). The X-ray diffraction analyses indicated that $Cu_xFe_{3-x}O_4$ was decomposed to Cu and $Fe_3O_4$ phase at $600^{\circ}C$ and was reduced to Cu and Fe phase at $800^{\circ}C$. $Fe_3O_4$, which was reduced at $900^{\circ}C$, showed Fe, graphite and $Fe_3C$ phases. On the contrary, $Cu_xFe_{3-x}O_4$ does not show the graphite or $Fe_3C$ phases. This results infer that Cu component suppress the carbon deposition on Cu-ferrite.