• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.345-354
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• 2015

In this study, the landscape characteristics and culture of the sacred Dangsan forests at Dongnae-ri, Seonae-ri, Namnae-ri, Pyeongchon-ri and Gyochon-ri were investigated. And the potential for registration in the World Heritage List has been discussed by linking the Dangsan forests at the five sites. Dangsan forest, a traditional village forests of rural Korea is a representative cultural heritage with a history of more than several hundred years of Dangsan ritual. The Dangsan forests in the neighborhood of Naganeuoseong have retained the landscape of town fortress during Choseon Dynasty and the Dangsan ritual as a living culture. The three villages inside Naganeuoseong have kept their Upper Dang, Middle Dang and Lower Dang. There were 21 old trees in total; Zelkova serrata (2), Celtis sinensis (7), Aphananthe aspera (5) trees, Carpinus tschonoskii (2) and Ginkgo biloba (3). The three Dangsan trees and an old Aphananthe aspera, known as to be planted by the Admiral Yi Sun-sin were recognized. The two villages located outside of village fortress also have kept their Dangsan ritual. It is important whether the sites possesses authenticity in order to be listed in the World Heritage. The Dangsan forests in the neighborhood of Naganeuoseong have been verified for the authenticity, which should be focused. The places need to be clarified for their landscape features formed as a Dangsan forest, and sustainable protection and management plans are to be devised.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.69-80
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• 2019

This research focuses on 10 modern museums built in Europe near important cultural assets of UNESCO World Heritage level. This study aims to reveal the coexistence of European laminated history and contemporary architecture by considering various aspects of respecting the existing and maintaining their identity as modern buildings, using these cultural assets as a basic concept of planning while minimizing conflicts with the past. The four measures of respecting existing cultural heritage are arranged by showing respect by lowering oneself, sympathizing with others, preparing for harmony with modernity, and communicating by looking at. The measures that reveal the identity of modern buildings are confirmed by classifying them as modern and post-modern approaches, each with several options. Through this study, we have been able to extract useful lessons for us, as well, while the past and present coexist successfully, by taking history as a reliable guide to take a fresh leap from it, rather than as a solidified remnant of inertness.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.111-120
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• 2021

This study looked at how the digital cultural heritage, which is being actively built by the government and public institutions, can be utilized in the metaverse service. Through an expert interview, we investigated how the digital cultural heritage of Bulguksa can be serviced with the four elements of the metaverse: augmented reality, mirror world, lifelogging, and virtual world. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that when digital cultural heritage is used in a virtual space called metaverse, interactive and realistic services can be provided to users. In addition, it was found that users can exhibit, experience, and educate online parts that are not available in real life in the same situation as if they were in the field. Through this, it was confirmed that if digital cultural heritage is designed as a metaverse service, it can provide functions and services of a different level than before. In particular, the result was obtained that it is possible to provide services considering the characteristics of each of the four elements of the metaverse. First, it is possible to obtain the convenience of augmenting the senses by using augmented reality, and secondly, it is possible to obtain the scalability and efficiency of reproducing the real space by using it as a mirror world element. Third, by using the lifelogging element, communication can be strengthened through the user's record and connection, and fourthly, through the virtual world element, roles and activities in the virtual world can be given to the user. Therefore, if digital cultural heritage is developed as a metaverse service in consideration of these factors, a more active and open experience environment can be provided to users.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.27-48
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• 2005

This study investigates the current preservation and management of four records and documentary heritage in Korea that is in the UNESCO's Memory of the World Register. The study analyzes their problems and corresponding solutions in digitizing those world records heritages. This study also reviews additional four documentary books in Korea that are in the wish list to add to UNESCO's Memory of the World Register. This study is organized as the following: Chapter 2 examines the value and meanings of world records and documentary heritage in Korea. The registry requirements and procedures of UNESCO's Memory of the World Register are examined. The currently registered records of Korea include Hunmin-Chongum, the Annals of the Choson Dynasty, the Diaries of the Royal Secretariat (Seungjeongwon Ilgi), and Buljo- Jikji-Simche-Yojeol (vol. II). These records heritage's worth and significance are carefully analyzed. For example, Hunmin-Chongum("訓民正音") is consisted of unique and systematic letters. Letters were delicately explained with examples in its original manual at the time of letter's creation, which is an unparalleled case in the world documentary history. The Annals of the Choson Dynasty("朝鮮王朝實錄") are the most comprehensive historic documents that contain the longest period of time in history. Their truthfulness and reliability in describing history give credits to the annals. The Royal Secretariat Diary (called Seungjeongwon-Ilgi("承政院日記")) is the most voluminous primary resources in history, superior to the Annals of Choson Dynasty and Twenty Five Histories in China. Jikji("直指") is the oldest existing book published by movable metal print sets in the world. It evidences the beginning of metal printing in the world printing history and is worthy of being as world heritage. The review of the four registered records confirms that they are valuable world documentary heritage that transfers culture of mankind to next generations and should be preserved carefully and safely without deterioration or loss. Chapter 3 investigates the current status of preservation and management of three repositories that store the four registered records in Korea. The repositories include Kyujanggak Archives in Seoul National University, Pusan Records and Information Center of National Records and Archives Service, and Gansong Art Museum. The quality of their preservation and management are excellent in all of three institutions by the following aspects: 1) detailed security measures are close to perfection 2) archiving practices are very careful by using a special stack room in steady temperature and humidity and depositing it in stack or archival box made of paulownia tree and 3) fire prevention, lighting, and fumigation are thoroughly prepared. Chapter 4 summarizes the status quo of digitization projects of records heritage in Korea. The most important issue related to digitization and database construction on Korean records heritage is likely to set up the standardization of digitization processes and facilities. It is urgently necessary to develop comprehensive standard systems for digitization. Two institutions are closely interested in these tasks: 1) the National Records and Archives Service experienced in developing government records management systems; and 2) the Cultural Heritage Administration interested in digitization of Korean old documents. In collaboration of these two institutions, a new standard system will be designed for digitizing records heritage on Korean Studies. Chapter 5 deals with additional Korean records heritage in the wish list for UNESCO's Memory of the World Register, including: 1) Wooden Printing Blocks(經板) of Koryo-Taejangkyong(高麗大藏經) in Haein Temple(海印寺); 2) Dongui-Bogam("東醫寶鑑") 3) Samguk-Yusa("三國遺事") and 4) Mugujeonggwangdaedaranigyeong. Their world value and importance are examined as followings. Wooden Printing Blocks of Koryo-Taejangkyong in Haein Temple is the worldly oldest wooden printing block of cannon of Buddhism that still exist and was created over 750 years ago. It needs a special conservation treatment to disinfect germs residing in surface and inside of wooden plates. Otherwise, it may be damaged seriously. For its effective conservation and preservation, we hope that UNESCO and Government will schedule special care and budget and join the list of Memory of the Word Register. Dongui-Bogam is the most comprehensive and well-written medical book in the Korean history, summarizing all medical books in Korea and China from the Ancient Times through the early 17th century and concentrating on Korean herb medicine and prescriptions. It is proved as the best clinical guidebook in the 17th century for doctors and practitioners to easily use. The book was also published in China and Japan in the 18th century and greatly influenced the development of practical clinic and medical research in Asia at that time. This is why Dongui Bogam is in the wish list to register to the Memory of the World. Samguk-Yusa is evaluated as one of the most comprehensive history books and treasure sources in Korea, which illustrates foundations of Korean people and covers histories and cultures of ancient Korean peninsula and nearby countries. The book contains the oldest fixed form verse, called Hyang-Ka(鄕歌), and became the origin of Korean literature. In particular, the section of Gi-ee(紀異篇) describes the historical processes of dynasty transition from the first dynasty Gochosun(古朝鮮) to Goguryeo(高句麗) and illustrates the identity of Korean people from its historical origin. This book is worthy of adding to the Memory of the World Register. Mugujeonggwangdaedaranigyeong is the oldest book printed by wooden type plates, and it is estimated to print in between 706 and 751. It contains several reasons and evidence to be worthy of adding to the list of the Memory of the World. It is the greatest documentary heritage that represents the first wooden printing book that still exists in the world as well as illustrates the history of wooden printing in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.190-211
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• 2019

In March 2015, The Agency for Cultural Affairs of Japan implemented a project called "Japan Heritage," which aims to promote the unique narratives of cultural properties of the region by branding the locality for revitalization in preparation for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics. This bottom-up approach of cultural policy has been called a "Cool Japan Strategy of Cultural Heritage" in the 21st century, which effectively incorporates local cultural heritage and tourism. However, although a total of 67 Japan Heritage projects have been designated as of December 2018, almost none has been introduced in the academic forum in Korea. On the basis of this background and a lack of academic awareness in Korea on Japan's recent cultural policies, this research aims to focus on the three cases of Gunma Prefecture implemented in local, global, and glocal aspects. To specify, the cases are the "Gunma Silk Heritage" project, implemented in 2011, the "Tomioka Silk Mill and Related Sites" project that was included on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2014, and "The Best Wife in the World - Silk Story of Gunma," case certified as the first project of "Japan Heritage" launched in 2015. Based on the questionnaire method conducted with the World Heritage Registration Promotion Division in Gunma Prefectural Government, as well as a literature view, the research revealed that the consecutive implementation of a series of cultural heritage projects in Gunma is not coincidental, but rather a strategy aiming to create a synergism where each project complements the others. Moreover, this paper demonstrates that Gunma Prefecture has been utilizing the local silk industry as a tangible and intangible cultural resource in multi-layered heritage projects, resulting in a "spiral synergy effect" and a "chain of the recognition process." In conclusion, it illustrates the recent trend of utilizing cultural heritage in the context of the Cool Japan strategy, which seeks to move away from the administration of maintaining the status quo cultural heritage protection to a proactive one with greater potential growth. This research may thus provide meaningful insight into the utilization of domestic historical and cultural resources as well as related policy-making, in that it will ultimately promote the chain effect of linking the multiple heritage policies and projects at the local, global, and glocal levels.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.57-68
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• 2020

This research aims analyze the current situation and problems of cultural heritage education, and propose the methodology of cultural heritage education and the model of the curriculum for each education subject. This study consists of three parts. First, the current status of education related to cultural heritage was examined separately by general public, university and graduate students, and practitioners. Second, we reviewed the National Competency Standard(NCS) and the UNESCO World Heritage Competency Framework(CF) as a way to solve the problem of cultural heritage education for each education subject. By examining the methodology and curriculum model of cultural heritage education, we tried to find the future direction of cultural heritage education. Third, the education model of the cultural heritage curriculum for each educational subject was proposed by reflecting the direction and the cyclical education model of sustainable cultural heritage education. In future studies, we intend to use the education model presented in this study to specifically propose basic guidelines for the cultural heritage convergence curriculum.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.26-45
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• 2013

Sudden increase exceeding 30million in the number of smart phone users, and rising interest in the technology of augmented reality, is now trying to combine it with AR technology in other areas very much. The field of cultural heritage, which has been constructed by the Internet and 3D technology, is not unusual and this field is now rapidly changing thanks to the AR technology which can make users experience cultural heritage with high reality. The Palaces in Seoul, however, use fragmentary tools of information - lack of heritage commentators, leaflet, etc, even though the number of visitors is gradually increasing. Therefore, three-dimensional and comprehensive cultural heritage information service is needed with the guidance in the mobile era. This study utilizes the AR technology for building the Deoksugung Tourist Information Service Application(App.) applying the markerless-based recognition technology which is a more advanced tool than the location-based AR technology. This new AR technology can switch perceived real images such as the tablet of the King in the Palace of in the real world, patterns and pedestals into virtual world, which can reproduce the damaged cultural assets as 3D. This also composes photos of the past with the current buildings, which can increase people's interest and absorption of the contents, and helps them understand and be aware of Korean traditional culture and cultural heritage effectively. In addition, convergence between IT new technology, Augmented Reality(AR) and humanities through storytelling based implementation of cultural heritage in smart phone is attempted to demonstrate that there is strength in which augmented reality technique exerts infinite creativity based on actual reality world.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.49-69
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• 2017

The crisis of western welfare states and the spread of neoliberalism opened up the debate on community question and paid attention to community to cope with diverse social crises. There has been increasing recognition for the need to see World Heritage in terms of place and local community which had formed it rather than an object for conservation separated from the place where it is located. In addition, the conservation and use of cultural heritage can lead to the region's sustainable development and in turn is possible with the region's overall development. However, the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention does not specify the definition and geographic extent of community. This paper considers place-based communities, Sahachons and religious communities, Sindohoes of seven Buddhist monasteries in preparation for inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List, and analyzes social networks of these two types of communities to see their consistency with their general characteristics. Social networks analyses indicates that some monasteries show significant differences between Sahachons and Sindohoes, but others do not. This result implies that communities should be seen as processes of constantly reconstituting their features and boundaries under their specific surroundings which are also in constant changes, thus requiring empirical studies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.249-255
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• 2023

World Heritage is a very important heritage that is worth protecting and handing down to future generations. In Korea, which has a long history and culture of 5,000 years, Seowon is a great advantage in that it can develop tangible and intangible Neo-Confucian ideas shared in China and East Asia, and preserve and experience them as a unique cultural resource of Korea until the present day. In order to encourage the direct experience of this long-standing cultural heritage, the government supports the national treasury and seeks to expand the demand for tourism. Accordingly, in this study, an analysis was conducted on program satisfaction, participation, and activation plans. As a result, it was found that value to see and value to experience must coexist in order for our world heritage, which requires comprehensive and continuous management and operation, and lacks accessibility, to become a tourist attraction. Also, for this purpose, promotion and development of differentiated tourism experience contents should be carried out first.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.69-74
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• 2020

Myanmar, also known as Burma, has a rich cultural heritage, and its historical tourist attractions well known around the world. Therefore, we designed and developed an interactive spatial augmented reality (iSAR) book on the cultural heritage of Myanmar. This iSAR book has total of 18 pages with rich media content including videos, animations, audio, and images featuring the cultural heritage of Myanmar in a digital format. In addition to virtual content, navigational features such as virtual buttons and touch-based hand gestures were implemented using Leap Motion and VVVV. Therefore, the developed iSAR book allows virtual content and navigational features to merge seamlessly into a physical book. Five participants were recruited to evaluate the prototype iSAR book, and interviews were conducted to gather their feedback based on its immersive qualities. Thus, the developed iSAR book on Myanmar effectively shares the cultural heritage of Myanmar, and ultimately allows users to explore and gain more insight into the country.