• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.98-104
• /
• 2000

For the taxonomic evaluaition, 15 strains of the genus Pectobacterium and Erwinia were analyzed for 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer regions (ISRs). These species contained two types of ISRs, large and small ISRs. Large ISRs were on the range of 474-569 bp size, and coding transfer $\textrm{RNA}^{11e}$($\textrm{tRNA}^{11e}$) and $\textrm{tRNA}^{Ala}$. Small ISRs were 354-459 bp in length and coding $\textrm{tRNA}^{Glu}$. The sequence variations of two ISRs among species and strains were very high as compared with 16S rRNA gene sequences. By phylogenetic trees on the basis of two ISRs, Pectobacterium ere differentiated into P. carotovorum-P. cactiaidum group and P. chrysanthemi group. However, the taxonomic position of E. cypripedii and E. rhapontici, which were not clear on taxonomic delineation between Pectobacterium and Erwinia, were not clearly resolved on the basis of ISRs.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.252-256
• /
• 2000

The 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions (ISRs) were sequenced and analyzed to design specific primer for identification of Pectobacterium chrysanthemi. Two types ISRs, large and small ISRs, were identified from three strains (ATCC 11663, KACC 10163 and KACC 10165) of P. chrysanthemi and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum ATCC 15713.Large ISRs contained transfer RNA-Ile(tRNA$^{Ile}$)and tRNA$^{Ala}$, and small ISRs contained tRNA$^{Glu}$. Size of the small ISRs of P. chrysanthemi ranged on 354-356 bp, while it was 451 bp in small ISR of P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum ATCC 15713. From hypervariable region of small ISRs, species-specific primer for P. chrysanthemi with 20 bp length (CHPG) was designed from hypervariable region of small ISRs, which was used as forward promer to detect P. chrysanthemi strains with R23-1R produced PCR product of about 260bp size (CHSF) only from P. chrysanthemi strains, not from other Pectobacterium spp. and Erwinia spp. Direct PCR from bacterial cell without extracting DNA successfully amplified a specific fragment, CHSF, from P. chrysanthemi ATCC 11663. The limit of PCR detection was 1${\pm}10^2$ cfu/ml.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.675-678
• /
• 2009

$Fe_2O_3,\;Ag_2O,\;CaWO_4$ and $Gd_2O_2S$:Tb loaded on titanium dioxide photocatalysts (P25, Degussa) were prepared by a calcination. Their composite films containing water-born polyurethane used as a material for immobilization were obtained by spray coating technique. The photocatalytic activity of the titanium dioxide films was characterized by decrease of UV-vis absorption spectra for methylene blue and gas chromatography for photocatalytic decomposition of formaldehyde diluted in water. It was shown that the $Gd_2O_2S$:Tb modified titanium dioxide films had good photocatalytic properties and followed the first-order kinetic model with regard to photocatalytic decoloration of methylene blue. Especially in formaldehyde photodegradation experiment, decrease rate of concentration of the titanium dioxide films with $Gd_2O_2S$:Tb modifying was about 35% larger than that of the unloaded titanium dioxide film.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.251-256
• /
• 2004

CsI(Tl), $CdWO_4(CWO),\;Bi_4Ge_3O_{12}(BGO)\;and\;Gd_2SiO_5:Ce(GSO)$ scintillators were studied to manufacture a phoswich detector. The maximum wavelengths of the CsI(Tl), CWO, BGO and GSO scintillators are 550 nm, 475 nm, 490 nm and 440 nm for the radioluminescence, and the absolute light outputs of the CsI(Tl), CWO, BGO and GSO scintillators are 54890 phonon/MeV, 17762 phonon/MeV, 8322 phonon/MeV and 8932 phonon/MeV with a neutral filter, and the decay time of the CsI(Tl), CWO, BGO and GSO scintillators is $1.3{\mu}s,\;8.17{\mu}s$, 213 ns and 37 ns by a single photon method. The phoswich detector which was manufactured with plastic and CsI(Tl) scintillators could separate the ${\beta}$ particle and ${\gamma}$ ray. The phoswich detector could also measure the pulse height spectra of the ${\beta}$ particle and ${\gamma}$ ray by a PSD method.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.359-367
• /
• 2015

Physiological plasticity of insects can be closely related with their epigenetic change. This hypothesis was tested using a polyphagous lepidopteran insect, Spodoptera exigua, by assessing the effects of different diets on development and DNA methylation. Three different diets (Welsh onion (WO), Chinese cabbage (CC), artificial diet (AD)) were assessed by feeding a cohort of larvae from neonate to last instar. There were significant differences in larval developmental rate, pupal weight and adult emergence according to diet treatments. AD-fed larvae exhibited the fastest developmental rate along with the highest pupal weight and adult emergence. Among natural hosts, WO was more favorable for development of S. exigua than CC. Total hemolymph proteins and sugars in the last instar larvae were varied among different diets. Gene expression of an insulin-like peptide (SeILP1) presumably associated with development was also varied among diets. Cytosine methylation of genomic DNA was assessed using a monoclonal antibody. Genomic DNA of S. exigua larvae was methylated. DNA methylation was apparently varied among different diet-fed larvae. The facts that a cohort of S. exigua was differentiated in developmental rate and cytosine methylation by different diets suggest that epigenetic factor(s) may play a crucial role in the physiological plasticity.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.261-265
• /
• 1997

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of EGF to the in vivo development of mouse IVF/IVC embryo. The 2-cell embryos were cultured in medium (5-6 embryos/25 ${\mu}l$/drop) w/wo EGF (10 ng/ml) and day 4 blastocysts recovered from each treatment group were transferred into the uteri of recipients of pseudopregnant day 3. The results obtained in this experiment were summarized as follows: 1. When the effect of EGF to the in vitro development and cell number of blastocysts produced from the culture of 2-cell embryos in w/wo EGF was determined, those results of EGF treatment group showed not significant difference compared with control. 2. However, when the effect of EGF to the in vivo development of blastocysts recovered from each treatment group was examined, production of the normal fetus against transferred embryos in EGF treatment group (51.2%) was very higher than that in control group (31.1%), although total implantation was not significantly different between treatment group (control: 64.4%, EGF: 69.8%). Therefore, this result suggested that EGF can affect to the in vivo development of IVF/IVC embryos through the improvement of embryo quality, although EGF treated embryos showed not significant development rate compared with control.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.13 no.12
• /
• pp.1036-1047
• /
• 2013

In this study, we applied the time series analysis to the randomized controlled trial (RCT) researches related to insomnia for finding international trends. The data used in the analysis of 379 of ClinicalTrials, Web of Science was the of 132 by several keyword related with 'Insomnia' and 'Randomized Clinical Trial'. In ClinicalTials, RCT studies for insomnia, drug, cognitive behavioral therapy, depression were the key words make up the main network. In WOS, 'melatonin' key word was added in the main network. In addition to, we found the characteristic that the elderly and female subjects were steady studied.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.219-227
• /
• 2019

This study aims to examine Blockchain research trend using bibliometrics-based network analysis. The data were collected from WoS, Scopus, Korea Citation Index and National science & Technology Information Service, from 2009 to 2018. As results, the number of publications has started increasing rapidly from 2017 and it showed the initial stage of formation of coauthor network. Words often used in the title of the publications were related to application development, controversy and technology development. In addition, the majority of domestic papers are in the subject of social science, while international papers tend to focus on engineering issues. The results of the temporal analysis show that Korean researchers' block chain 3.0 started in 2017 and are rapidly increasing in 2018. The number of citations was associated with publication year in a statistically signifiant way. By examining these research trends, we hope that this paper can be a useful basis for the development of blockchain. Future research is expected to reveal more clearly the knowledge structure and characteristics of blockchain around the world.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we suggested a RS485 based CSMA/CD protocol that is available in low speed multi-node networks such as industry control communication network and home network etc. The suggested protocol was compared to widely used Master-Slave protocol, Modbus. We modeled realistic control network and showed that the average delay and throughput performance were significantly improved in the different transmission rates.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.1005-1010
• /
• 2008

The genus Burkholderia consists of extremely versatile bacteria that occupy diverse niches and are commonly encountered in the rhizosphere of crop plants. In this study, we characterized three plant growth promoting strains assigned as Burkholderia sp. using biochemical and molecular characterization. The Burkholderia spp. strains CBMB40, CBPB-HIM, and CBPB-HOD were characterized using biochemical tests, BIOLOG carbon substrate utilization, fatty acid methyl ester analysis, analysis of recA gene sequences, and DNA-DNA hybridization. The results from these studies indicated that the strains CBMB40, CBPB-HIM, and CBPB-HOD can be assigned under Burkholderia vietnamiensis, Burkholderia ubonensis, and Burkholderia pyrrocinia, respectively.