• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제100권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2011

소나무재선충병 방제법 중 임업적 방제법을 개발하기 위한 일환으로 위생간벌, 간벌, 어린소나무 가꾸기가 소나무재선충병의 제어에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 야외 그물망 케이지에 소나무재선충을 보유한 솔수염하늘소를 방사하였다. 대조구, 위생간벌, 간벌 처리구 모두에서 공시목의 50% 이상이 고사되었으며, 처리구 간에는 유의성이 나타나지 않았다. 그리고 처리구 내 방치한 숲가꾸기 산물이 소나무재선충병을 확산시키는 촉매제로 작용하였다. 어린 소나무림 가꾸기의 경우 산물을 방치한 처리구가 공시목의 고사율이 90% 이상으로 가장 높았으며, 산물을 케이지 밖으로 들어낸 처리구와 숲가꾸기를 하지 않고 솔수염하늘소의 성충을 방사한 처리구에서는 10% 내외의 고사율을 나타내었다. 솔수염하늘소 우화 당년도인 4월에 위생간벌, 간벌을 실행한 장령목의 벌근에서는 솔수염하늘소의 유충이 출현하지 않았으나, 솔수염하늘소의 우화 당년도인 5월에 숲가꾸기 한 어린나무의 벌근에서는 유충이 출현하였다. 본 실험 결과, 장령 소나무림과 어린소나무림 내에 소나무재선충병이 만연하고 있는 임분의 경우 솔수염하늘소의 우화 당년도인 4월과 5월에 실행한 숲가꾸기는 소나무재선충병의 제어에 아무런 효과가 없었으며 방치한 숲가꾸기 산물은 오히려 소나무 재선충병을 확산시키는 촉매제로 작용하였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제112권2호
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• pp.258-266
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• 2023

소나무재선충병(Pine wilt disease)은 소나무재선충(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer, 1934))에 의해 발생하며 한국을 비롯한 동북아시아와 유럽의 소나무속(Pinus) 수목들을 고사시키고 있다. 소나무재선충병 저항성에 대한 연구는 자연상태 및 온실포트묘에서 주로 이뤄진 반면 포지에서의 연구가 부족한 편이다. 본 연구에서는 2021년 6월, 포지에 있는 소나무속 수종인 곰솔(Pinus thunbergii Parl.), 잣나무(P. koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.), 소나무(P. densiflora Siebold & Zucc.), 섬잣나무(P. parviflora Siebold & Zucc.), 리기테다소나무(P. rigida × P. taeda), 스트로브잣나무(P. strobus L.)의 묘목을 대상으로 소나무재선충을 인공접종하였다. 그리고 인공접종 후 2주 간격으로 위조지수를 측정했고, 인공접종 24주후의 고사율, 소나무재선충 검출률 및 밀도를 측정했다. 소나무재선충병에 의한 고사율은 곰솔(80%), 잣나무(77.8%), 소나무(62.5%), 섬잣나무(22.0%) 순이였으며 리기테다소나무와 스트로브잣나무는 고사하지 않았다. 소나무재선충 검출률은 리기테다소나무(22.2%)를 제외하고 모두 고사율과 동일했다. 위조지수의 경우, 소나무재선충병 고사율 순위가 높았던 곰솔, 잣나무, 소나무 3종에서 높은 수치가 나왔으며, 순위가 낮았던 섬잣나무, 리기테다소나무, 스트로브잣나무 3종에서는 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 통계분석 결과, 곰솔, 잣나무는 소나무재선충병에 높은 감수성을, 소나무, 섬잣나무는 중간 수준의 감수성을, 리기테다소나무와 스트로브잣나무는 확실한 저항성을 보여주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 소나무재선충 저항성 육종의 기초자료나리기테다소나무와 스트로브잣나무의 조림 필요성에 대한 근거자료가 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.217-219
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• 1998

Of over 100 accessions of pepper tested, MC 4 and MC 5, PBC631, PI322727, PI358812, PBC066, Kerting, PI322726, PI369994, PI377688, CMS-B, PI322728, and Jatilaba showed similarly high level of resistance to bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum).

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.386-396
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• 2013

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in tomato plants by Ralstonia solanacearum infection and the role of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) and nitric oxide in tomato bacterial wilt control were demonstrated. During disease development of tomato bacterial wilt, accumulation of superoxide anion ($O_2{^-}$) and $H_2O_2$ was observed and lipid peroxidation also occurred in the tomato leaf tissues. High doses of $H_2O_2$ and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) nitric oxide donor showed phytotoxicity to detached tomato leaves 1 day after petiole feeding showing reduced fresh weight. Both $H_2O_2$ and SNP have in vitro antibacterial activities against R. solanacearum in a dose-dependent manner, as well as plant protection in detached tomato leaves against bacterial wilt by $10^6$ and $10^7$ cfu/ml of R. solanacearum. $H_2O_2$- and SNP-mediated protection was also evaluated in pots using soil-drench treatment with the bacterial inoculation, and relative 'area under the disease progressive curve (AUDPC)' was calculated to compare disease protection by $H_2O_2$ and/or SNP with untreated control. Neither $H_2O_2$ nor SNP protect the tomato seedlings from the bacterial wilt, but $H_2O_2$ + SNP mixture significantly decreased disease severity with reduced relative AUDPC. These results suggest that $H_2O_2$ and SNP could be used together to control bacterial wilt in tomato plants as bactericidal agents.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.84-92
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• 2008

소나무의 AIDS라 일컫는 소나무 재선충이 1988년 부산의 금정산에서 최초로 발견되었다. 발견된 이후 2005년 12월까지 경상남도 전역 53개 시군구지역에 피해를 끼쳤다. 피해를 입은 삼림지역에 대한 최선의 대책은 초기 방재 작업 후에 훈증을 통해 처리하는 방법이다. 그러나 관찰에 의해 초기에 방재를 하는 것은 피해 삼림지역이 매우 광범위한 지역에 걸쳐있기 때문에 어렵다. 또한 한국의 지형적 특성 상 관찰자의 접근이 어렵다는 문제가 있다. 본 연구는 근적외선 CCD 카메라를 사용하여 소나무 재선충 피해지역의 초기 방재 가능성을 제시하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.102-105
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• 2005

Severe wilt disease epidemic was found on winter daphnes (Daphne odora Thunb.) cultivated in farmers, nurseries in Suncheon, Jeonnam in 2003. Typical symptoms appeared on the leaves of winter daphne as yellowish wilts and turned brown from the lower leaves on the same plant. Severely infected leaves were defoliated, resulting in blight of stems and eventual death of the entire plant. Black decayed vascular tissues were distinctly observed in a wilted plant. Fusarium sp. was isolated from the diseased plants repeatedly and its pathogenicity was confirmed by artificial inoculation on healthy plants. The fungus was identified as Fusarium oxysporum on the basis of the morphological and cultural characteristics on potato dextrose agar and carnation leaf agar. The optimum temperature for fungal growth was around $25{\circ}C$ and the fungal growth was inhibited by metconazole, triflumizole and trifloxystrobin on potato dextrose agar. This is the first report on the wilt disease of winter daphnes caused by F.oxysporum in Korea.

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2005

Selected isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf4-92 and PfRsC5) and P. aeruginosa (PaRsG18 and PaRsG27) were examined for growth promotion and induced systemic resistance against Fusarium wilt of chickpea. Significant increase in plant height was observed in Pseudomonas treated plants. However, plant growth was inhibited when isolates of Pseudomonas were used in combination with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (FocRs1). It was also observed that the Pseudomonas spp. was colonized in root of chickpea and significantly suppressed the disease in greenhouse condition. Rock wool bioassay technique was used to study the effect of iron availability on the induction of systemic resistance to Fusarium wilt of chickpea mediated by the Pseudomonas spp. All the isolates of Pseudomonas spp. showed greater disease control in the induced systemic resistance (ISR) bioassay when iron availability in the nutrient solution was low. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated that an the bacterial isolates produced more salicylic acid (SA) at low iron ($10\;{\mu}M$ EDDHA) than high iron availability ($10\;{\mu}Fe^{3+}$ EDDHA). Except PaRsG27, all the three isolates produced more pseudobactin at low iron than high iron availability.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.298-303
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• 1995

The biological control effect of Trichoderma harzianum on the Fusarium wilt of strawberry and several factors affecting on its efficacy were examined through pot experiments. T. harzianum grown on wheat barn, rice straw, rice hull, sawdust or barley straw was respectively incorporated into the pathogen-infected soil, and significantly suppressed the strawberry wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae. The wheat bran or rice straw culture of T. harzianum suppressed the disease incidence more effectively than other substrates for culture, decreasing it to 68% of the untreated control. The conidial suspension of T. harzianum alone or the suspension mixed with crab shell also effectively reduced the disease incidence. The control effectiveness of T. harzianum was high in acid soil (pH 3.5~5.5). In sandy loam soil, the disease incidences and population densities of the pathogen were decreased by the treatment of T. harzianum, while there was no significant effect of T. harzianum on the pathogen in loam soil.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2010

Four major diseases of chili pepper including two fungal diseases, anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) and Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici), and two bacterial diseases, bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) and bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria), were investigated under future climate-change condition treatments in growth chambers. Treatments with elevated $CO_2$ and temperature were maintained at $720ppm{\pm}20ppm$ $CO_2$ and $30^{\circ}C{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, whereas ambient conditions were maintained at $420ppm{\pm}20ppm$ $CO_2$ and $25^{\circ}C{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$. Pepper seedlings or fruits were infected with each pathogen, and then the disease progress was evaluated in the growth chambers. According to paired t-test analyses, bacterial wilt and spot diseases significantly increased by 24% (p=0.008) and 25% (p=0.016), respectively, with elevated $CO_2$ and temperature conditions. On the other hand, neither Phytophthora blight (p=0.906) nor anthracnose (p=0.125) was statistically significant. The elevated $CO_2$ and temperature accelerated the progress of bacterial wilt by two days and bacterial spot by one day compared to the ambient treatment. Temperature regime studies of the diseases without changes in $CO_2$ confirmed that the accelerated bacterial disease progress was mainly due to the increased temperature rather than the elevated $CO_2$ conditions.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권10호
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• pp.1353-1357
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• 2018

This paper compares and analyzes Fusarium wilt of radish by using an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) with the NDVI-7 camera. The UAV have taken near-infrared images of the Radish field in Gangwon area, which is affected by Fusarium wilt. Based on those images, we analyzed NDVI(Normalized difference vegetation index) and compared conditions of radish by using the Blue value among Regular Vegetation Index in NDVI. First, the radish field is divided into three fields for radish, soil and vinyl. Each field has separate Blue values that are radish 0.4890, soil 0.2959, vinyl -0.0605 respectively. Second, radish condition levels are divided into four stages which are normal, early, middle, and late stage of Fusarium wilt. The average values of each stage are normal 0.5165(100%), early 0.4565(88%), middle 0.3444(66%), and late 0.1772(34%) respectively. This result shows that this NDVI value is validated by measuring conditions of Radish and soil.