• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.70-82
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• 2020

Objectives : Recently the aesthetic, especially skin whitening, is focused on. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Gypsum Extract(GE) on skin whitening using B16F10 cell lines. Methods : In this study, we investigated effect of GE on cell viability, melanin synthesis, Superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity and tyrosinase activity in vitro and in vivo. Results : In results, The proliferation of B16F10 cell lines was increased by GE concentration. But there was no statistical signification. Melanin synthesis was decreased except GE 125㎍/㎖ of treated group. And the melanin synthesis ratio was increased in group being treated α-MSH. But After treating GE, it was decreased compared to Non-GE treated group. In addition, the SOD-like activity was enhanced in more than GE 125㎍/㎖ of treated group. And the activity of tyrosinase in vitro was inhibited in GE 500㎍/㎖ and 1,000㎍/㎖ of treated groups. The activity of tyrosinase in vivo was reduced in both Arbutin 500㎍/㎖ of treated group and Gypsum 500㎍/㎖ of treated group compared to controled group. After being treated α-MSH, the activity of tyrosinase was enhanced. But after treating Arbutin 500㎍/㎖ or Gypsum 500㎍/㎖, it was inhibited being compared to the group of Non-medicament treated. Conclusion : The results of this study showed the effects of GE that can inhibit melanin synthesis and the activity of tyrosinase and enhance the SOD-like activity. It means that gypsum has the skin whitening effect.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2017

Objectives : In order to find out the whitening effects of Leonuri Herba, this study was designed to identify the effects and the action mechanism of LHE(Leonuri Herba extract) on Malignant melanoma cell lines. Methods : After treating LHE on the B16F10 cell-Malignant melanoma cell line-, the cell survival rate, melanin biosynthesis rate, intra&extracellular tyrosinase activity rate, SOD-like activity, tyrosinase mRNA gene expression were investigated. The results were compared with control group without LHE treatment or with positive control group treated with whitening efficacy substance. Results : B16F10 cell survival rate, melanin biosynthesis rate, and intra&extracellular tyrosinase activity were significantly inhibited depending on the concentration of treated LHE. Melanin biosynthesis rate and tyrosinase activity rate were also decreased when ${\alpha}-MSH$ was combined with LHE. In addition, the SOD-like activity was increased in a concentration-dependent manner in the treatment with the LHE, indicating signigicant activity at high concentrations, and the tyrosinase mRNA gene expression was decreased in both the LHE-treated group, the LHE and ${\alpha}-MSH-treated$ group. Conclusions : LHE seems to inhibit melanin synthesis through inhibition of tyrosinase activity and inhibition of tyrosinase mRNA gene expression. It also has the effect of promoting SOD-like activity and may be used clinically as a skin whitening agent in the future.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.4038-4045
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• 2011

본 논문은 백지 에탄올추출물의 미백효능을 조사하기 위하여 melan-a cell, 브라운 기니피그 및 HMB-45 염색을 사용하였다. melan-a 세포에 시료를 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ 농도로 처치하여 세포 생장율의 변화 관찰 및 멜라닌세포의 형태학적 변화를 관찰하였다. 또한 brown guinea pig (450~500 g)등 부위에 1500 mJ/$cm^2$ 광량의 ultraviolet B조사로 유발시킨 인공색소반 (${\Phi}$ 2 mm)에 1일 2회, 주 5일, 매회 30 ${\mu}{\ell}$씩 총 5주간 시료를 도포하여 주 1회 육안적 변화를 관찰 하였고, 실험 5주째 되는 날 실험동물은 염산 케타민으로 마취 후 시료를 도포한 인공색소반 부위를 biopsy punch로 절취하여 HMB-45 염색으로 멜라닌소체 내 glycoprotein(gp100) 단백질의 조직학적 변화를 관찰 하였다. 세포생장율 측정에서 시료처치 6.25~50 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$에서의 세포생장율은 높았고, 멜라닌세포의 형태학적 변화에서는 시료처치 농도가 증가할수록 멜라닌합성 및 수지상 돌기가 적게 관찰 되었다. 동물 실험 육안적 관찰에서 시료 도포군이 용매대조군에 비해 멜라닌 색소침착 정도가 확연하게 밝아졌고, gp100 단백질의 조직학적 관찰에서 시료 도포군은 gp100 단백질 발현 정도가 현저하게 줄어들었으며, 영상분석에서도 시료 도포군이 용매대조군에 비해 유의하게(p<0.001) 감소하였는데 이러한 결과는 현미경 관찰 결과와 일치하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 백지 에탄올추출물은 우수한 미백효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2005

알부틴, 유용성감초추출물(GLY), 아스코빌글루코사이드(AA2G), 에칠아스코빌에텔(EAE)은 현재 미백 기능성성분으로 가장 많이 사용되어지는 성분들이다. 위의 미백 성분 중 어느 성분을 같이 혼합하여 사용하였을 때 미백효과가 더 효과적인가를 알아보기 위하여 tyrosinase 활성 억제와 B-16 melanoma cells에서 MSH에 의한 멜라닌 생성 억제 정도를 측정하였다. 알부틴과 유용성감초추출물은 농도 의존적으로 정제된 tyrosinase 활성을 저해하였다. 유용성감초추출물(GLY)과 아스코빌글루코사이드(AA2G)를 같이 사용하였을 때나 유용성감초추출물(GLY)과 에칠아스코빌에텔(EAE)을 같이 사용하였을 때는 유용성감초추출물(GLY)을 단독으로 사용하였을 때보다 tyrosinase 활성 저해효과가 상승하였으나 알부틴과 다른 성분들을 같이 사용하였을 때는 그러한 현상을 보여주지 못했다. B-16 melanoma cell을 이용한 MSH로 유도된 melanin 생성실험에서는 유용성감초추출물 (GLY)과 에칠아스코빌에텔(EAE)을 같이 사용하였을 때 멜라닌 생성 억제 효과가 유용성감초추출물(GLY)을 단독으로 사용하였을 때보다 현저히 증가하였다. 유용성감초추출물(GLY), 알부틴, 아스코빌글루코사이드(AA2G), 에칠아스코빌에텔(EAE)의 복합물을 일반적인 크림제형에 혼합하여 $25^{\circ}C,\;45^{\circ}C$에서 30일간 안정성(stability)을 관찰하였으며 특이한 함량변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때 유용성감초추출물(GLY)과 아스코빌글루코사이드(AA2G), 에칠아스코빌에텔(EAE)은 같이 사용함으로서 미백효과를 더 상승시킬 수 있다고 사료된다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2011

This study was carried out in order to develop a speciality functional coated paper, which can be recognized under a ultraviolet lamp. The special fluorescent whitening agent (FWA) which absorbs ultraviolet light (397~410 nm) and emits it as yellowish light (570~500nm) was used. The special FWA was applied in a coating color in two ways: (1) direct application to a coating color as a FWA; (2) application on pigment surface, drying it and application it as a fluorescence whitening pigments (colored pigments). The effects of the special FWA on coating color properties were tested and the distribution of colored pigments in coated paper was evaluated under a ultraviolet lamp. The results showed that the colored pigments didn't affect on coating color properties. Experimental results showed the possibility of producing a security coated paper using the special FWA. To produce a speciality functional paper, it was found to be proper to apply the special FWA in the form of colored pigment.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.266-271
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• 2015

최근에는 hyper-pigmentation에 대한 제품 개발을 위해 melanogenesis의 경로에 대한 이해를 위해 많은 노력을 하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 만형자(Vitex rotundifolia)의 depigmentation에 대한 효과를 조사하였다. B16F10 mouse melanoma cell을 이용하여 tyrosinase, MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2 그리고 melanin synthesis의 저해를 확인하였고, 만형자 ethyl acetate 분획물(VR-EA)을 처리하였을 때 농도의존적으로 감소한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히, VR-EA는 tyrosinase와 TRP-1의 경우 각각 53.2, 88.4%의 저해율을 보여 미백에 있어서 효과적인 활성을 보여주었다. 따라서 만형자는 melanin synthesis를 효과적으로 막아주어 미백소재로서 활용 가능성이 충분하다고 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.383-388
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• 2013

본 연구는 감꼭지 추출물과 용매별 분획물에 대한 미백효과를 측정하였다. 감꼭지를 70% 에탄올로 추출한 다음 헥산, 에틸아세테이트, 부탄올, 물 순으로 순차적으로 분획하였다. 분획물 중 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 B16F10 멜라노마 세포 내에서 멜라닌 생성을 억제 효능과 티로시나아제 활성이 우수하였고, 멜라닌 생성에 관련된 단백질 발현 양상을 측정하기 위해 western blotting을 한 결과, 감꼭지 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 농도 의존적으로 무첨가군에 비해 티로시나아제, TRP-1, TRP-의 발현이 억제되었다. 이상의 결과에 따라 감꼭지 에틸아세테이트 분획물의 미백 소재로서 개발할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2010

In order to develop a new skin whitening agent, approximately 100 plant extracts were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against melanin biosynthesis in cultured mouse melanocyte melan-a cells. As a result, seven extracts exhibited over 50% inhibition of melanin synthesis compared to control at a concentration of $20\;{\mu}g/ml$. In particular, Aster ageratoides Turcz. var. ageratoides (branch, root, aerial, flower; $IC_{50}$ = 17.3, 6.1, 13.6, $12.9\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively) and Physalis alkekengi var. francheti (leaf, unripen fructus, aerial; $IC_{50}$ = 6.5, 28.3, $23.9\;{\mu}g/ml$) markedly inhibited melanin synthesis. In addition, tyrosinase activity was monitored by the measurement of dopachrome formation from the oxidation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine. Extracts of A. ageratoides Turcz. var. ageratoides (flower) and P. alkekengi var. francheti (leaf) showed the most potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity. These plants might be the potential candidate sources in the development of novel skin-whitening products.

• 약학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 1998

Kojic acid, antimelanogenic agent, has been widely used in cosmetics to lighten the skin color. However, it has skin irritancy and instability against pH, temperature and light. To overcome these problems and optimize the molecular structure of kojic acid (KA), a prodrug, kojic acid monostearate(KMS), has been synthesized to modify the topical drug delivery in the point of sustained release of the parent drug via enzymatic hydrolysis during skin absorption. The prodrug was tested for enzymatic hydrolysis with cytosolic fraction of hairless mouse, skin. From the in vitro skin permeation study through hairless mouse skin, we found that KMS was retained in the skin and generated KA continuously by the skin esterase cleavage. In addition, topical formulations of o/w type creams and polyolprepolymer-containing cream were further tested for whitening effects using in vivo yellow skin guinea pig model.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.271-279
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• 2021

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions, including extraction time, extraction temperature, and ethanol concentration, were optimized to increase the total flavonoid content (TFC), tyrosinase inhibitory activity (TIA), and collagenase inhibitory activity (CIA) of Spirulina platensis through central composite design (CCD). For the optimization of the three dependent variables, a quadratic regression model was derived from 17 experimental sets for the simultaneous maximization of TFC, TIA, and CIA. The predicted optimal UAE conditions were 44.0 min of extraction time, 82.8℃ of extraction temperature, and 96.0% of ethanol concentration. Under these conditions, 0.93 mg QE/g DM of TFC, 81.9% of CIA, and 92.1% of TIA were predicted. The CCD-based UAE optimization enabled an increase in TFC, CIA, and TIA, thereby confirming that the S. platensis extract can be used in the development of a cosmetic material with skin whitening and anti-wrinkle effects.