• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.337-341
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• 2004

Morphological and genetic diversity of thirty nine safflower germplasm were collected and evaluated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Stem length and seeding to flowering days of the safflower germplasm showed $26\~117cm\;and\;76\~179$ days of variation respectively. USA originated germplasm showed higher oil content as $39\%$, but that of Japanese showed lower as $26\%$. PCA made three different cluster groups according to some agronomic characteristics of safflower. Korea originated germplasm showed similar cluster group with that of collected from USA in the PCA of stem length. But in the seeding to flowering days, it showed similar cluster pattern with that of collected from Japan rather than USA. In the experiment of RAPD analysis, total five primers showed polymorphism at the several chromosomal loci. Korea, China Japan and South Central Asia originated germplasm were differently classified with USA and South West Asia originated germplasm with lower similarity coefficient value (0.47). Most of Korea originated germplasm were grouped with South Central Asia originated germplasm with higher similarity coefficient value (0.74) conferring similar genetic background between both of them. China and Japan originated germplasm were dendrogramed with Korea originated germplasm at the 0.65 and 0.50 similarity coefficient values respectively. Some common results were expected from both of PCA and RAPD analysis, but lower genetic heritability caused by relative higher portion of environmental variance and environment by genotype interaction at the expression of those of agronomic characteristics made constraint to find any reliable results.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제43권
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• pp.207-239
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• 2016

시베리아에서 중앙아시아까지 연결되는 알타이 인문벨트는 문명사적으로 매우 중요하다. 더구나 한반도의 교대문명 형성에도 막대한 영향을 끼쳤다. 따라서 고고학을 비롯하여 민속학과 인류학 등에서는 이에 관해 그동안 다양한 연구를 해왔고, 그 가운데 하나가 구비서사시다. 구비서사시는 한국에서 독특한 전승의 양식으로 남아있지만, 알타이 인문벨트를 구성하는 요소로서 주목하게 된 것은 그리 오래되지 않았다. 최근에 우리에게 중앙아시아와 몽골, 그리고 시베리아의 일부 서사시가 소개된 것도 그런 맥락이라고 할 수 있다. 이 시론의 목적은 시베리아에 위치한 야쿠티아의 구비서사시 올롱호를 국내 학계에 소개하는 데 있다. 올롱호는 최근에야 그 모습을 드러냈지만, 그것이 차지하는 위치는 막중하다. 그동안 서사시 연구가 서구중심의 시각에 매몰되어 있었다면, 올롱호는 서사시 연구에 있어서 보다 글로벌 시각을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 무엇보다도 그 내용이나 구연방식이 서구의 그것과는 크게 다르고, 그 원형이 비교적 잘 보존되어 있어서 새로운 연구 실마리를 내포하고 있기 때문이다. 특히 신화시대에서 영웅시대로 넘어오는 과정에서 인류의 사고와 행동양식이 어떻게 변해왔는지를 설명하고 있기도 하다. 그것은 야쿠티아의 민족역사 뿐만 아니라 10세기를 전후한 알타이 제 국가들의 형성과정까지 보여주고 있다. 따라서 이 시론은 방대한 서사시 올롱호 원문의 한국어 번역을 촉진하고, 본격적인 내용 연구가 이루어질 수 있도록 하는 밑거름이 될 것이다. 특히 중앙아시아와 시베리아와 한반도의 구비서사시 전통을 비교하여 어떻게 같고 다른지를 살필 수 있다면 알타이 인문벨트 형성을 위한 중요한 담론이 될 뿐만 아니라 문명사 연구의 새로운 지평을 열 수 있을 것이다.

• Acta Via Serica
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.23-48
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• 2018

The Silk Road usually implies a network of trade and communications that stretched from east to west and connected China and the countries of the Far East via Central Asia and the Middle East to the eastern Mediterranean, or through the northern coast of the Caspian Sea and the Volga basin to the Black Sea coast. However, at certain historical stages, a network of maritime and overland routes stretching from north to south, commonly called the Volga-Caspian trade route, also played a significant role in international trade and cultural contacts. The geopolitical realities of the early Middle Ages relating to the relationship of Byzantium, the Sassanid Empire, and the West Turkic Khaganate, the advance of the Arab Caliphate to the north, the spread of Islam in the Volga region, the glories and fall of the Khazar State, and the Scandinavian campaigns in the Caucasus, closely intertwined with the history of transport and communications connecting the north and south through the Volga-Caspian route. In a later era, the interests of the Mongolian Uluses, and then the political and economic aspirations of the Ottoman Empire, the Safavid State, and Russia, collided or combined on these routes. The article discusses trade contacts existing between the north and the south in the 15th and first half of the 17th century along the routes on the western coast of the Caspian Sea.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.41-51
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• 1999

Trade between Korea and China was 372million dollars accounting for 1.56% of total in 1988 and has been increased to 23,689 million dollars occupying 7% in 1997, which implies 32.2% increase on average per year. This trend will continue dramatically and consistently as China's open policy toward the world accelerates and korean companies advance into chinese market. The main trade routes are with marine transportation between korean west sea area and chinese San-Dong peninsula around east sea. However, due to the increasing traffic congestion on main roads connecting harbors and main consumer cities and capacity problem in west sea harbor areas, the logistics cost have been increased resulting in losing competitiveness of freight trade. Therefore, these road-oriented inland transportation means need to be changed to rail transport system to reduce congestion and to conserve natural environment. To achieve this scheme, efficient intermodal transportation system connecting road and rail should be constructed. These combined system will ensure timely delivery of goods and consequently the customers would make proper transportation schedule for the import/export goods in advance. Especially, combined transportation of Railroad and train ferry would cope with the logistics problem and this system would be efficient means for trade with not only China but further with many adjacent countries in central asia such as Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan

• 대순사상과 동아시아종교
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.101-121
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• 2023

Daoism was introduced into the South-West of Vietnam via two main entries: the missionaries from North and Central Vietnam who migrated to the South by following the Southward movement and the spread of Daoism by Chinese migrant men who came and settled in the South-West of Vietnam from the late seventieth century to late nineteenth century. However, the biggest influence of Daoism in the Southwest of Vietnam was mainly the Chinese missionaries of Daoism. As time went by, together with the impacts of social and historical circumstances, Daoism had a strong influence on the lives of the South-West people in terms of different aspects, especially their faith and religions. The impact of Daoism into people's faith and religion was considerable, especially to the indigenous religions, of which the religion, Four Debts of Gratitude, is a representative example. With the aims of clarifying how Four Debts of Gratitude was influenced by Daoist thought and how the indigenous religions and systemized ideologies in the South-West of Vietnam were related during the period of living condition expansion as well as cohabitation of several ethnic groups in the region, this article focuses on Daoist thought expressed in typical symbols in the sacred architecture of the Four Debts of Gratitude such as Cổ Lầu, wine gourds, and the Eight Trigrams. Once properly examined, it becomes clear that the prominent symbols and other Daoist elements show that Daoism had a profound influence on the Four Debts of Gratitude.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.336-346
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• 2013

Amaranth (Amaranthus sp. L.) is an important group of plants that includes grain, vegetable, and ornamental types. Centers of diversity for Amaranths are Central and South America, India, and South East Asia, with secondary centers of diversity in West and East Africa. The present study was performed to determine the genetic diversity and population structure of 75 amaranth accessions: 65 from South America and 10 from South Asia as controls using 14 SSR markers. Ninety-nine alleles were detected at an average of seven alleles per SSR locus. Model-based structure analysis revealed the presence of two subpopulations and 3 admixtures, which was consistent with clustering based on the genetic distance. The average major allele frequency and polymorphic information content (PIC) were 0.42 and 0.39, respectively. According to the model-based structure analysis based on genetic distance, 75 accessions (96%) were classified into two clusters, and only three accessions (4%) were admixtures. Cluster 1 had a higher allele number and PIC values than Cluster 2. Model-based structure analysis revealed the presence of two subpopulations and three admixtures in the 75 accessions. The results of this study provide effective information for future germplasm conservation and improvement programs in Amaranthus.

• 대기
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.505-518
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• 2010

We investigated the impacts of the diabatic heating location, vertical profile and basic state on the Rossby wave propagation. To examine the dynamical process of individual responses on the regional heat source, a dry version of the linear baroclinic model was used with climatological summertime (JJA) mean basic state and vertical structure of the diabatic heating for 1979-2008. Two sets of diabatic heating were constructed of those positioned in the mid-latitudes (Tibetan Plateau, eastern Mediterranean Sea, and the west-central Asia) and the tropics (the southern India, Bay of Bengal, and western Pacific). It was found that using the principal component analysis, atmospheric response to diabatic heating reaches to the steady state in 19th days in time. The prescribed mid-latitude forcing forms equivalent barotropic Rossby wave propagation along the westerly Asia jets, whereas the tropical forcing generates the Rossby wave train extending from the tropics to mid-latitudes. In relation to the maximum vertical profile, the mid-level forcing reveals a stronger response than the lower-level forcing, which may be caused by more effective Rossby wave response by the upper-level divergent flow. Under the different sub-seasonal mean state, both of the tropical and mid-latitude forcing induce the different sub-seasonal response intensity, due to the different basic-state wind.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.417-418
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• 2011

Mongolia is an inland country contained between East and Central Asia. I t borders Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Mongolia uses as international port for transit Xindang/Qingdao by railway. For domestic transport, our options are varied, which include road, railway and air modes. Mongolia's government enacted some shipping ways to develop logistics around the world. ${\cdots}\;{\cdots}$ (omit).

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.800-804
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• 2000

Cerebral paragonimiasis is an important parasitic infestation found in Eastern Asia, West Africa, and Central/South America. It is frequently associated with abscess, granuloma or cystic lesions in chronic stage. Chronic symptoms include seizure, visual disturbance, movement and perception disorders, usually resulting from the spaceoccupying lesions. The authors report a case of chronic cerebral paragonimiasis combined with meningioma. A 69-year-old man presented with generalized seizure and impaired consciousness. CT scan and MR image of the brain revealed two intracranial lesions ; one was cerebral paragonimiasis in the left temporo-occipital lobe, and the other a huge falx meningioma. Two lesions were successfully removed in staged operations and the generalized seizure was controlled after removal of the cerebral paragonimiasis.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제63권
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• pp.261-282
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• 2014

A Silk Road was connecting East and West with trade route. The role From the ancient, Silk Road is situated in the Central Asia such as Kazakhstan, thus logistics sector was important more than others. This theme is the study of the Export Competitiveness of Korea-Kazakhstan trade. This paper analyses between Korea and Kazakhstan's trade used by TSI(trade specification index), IITI(intra-industry trade index) and CTBI(contribution to trade balance index). The World Bank is already addressing Kazakhstan's logistics inefficiencies is the lowest tier. Thus, Kazakhstan governments should encourage efficiency in Logistic parts. And more Korea is supporting to decrease Logistic cost.