• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.308-315
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to investigate mountain stream water and air temperatures, area, latitude, altitude, and forest coverage in headwater catchments located in Kangwon-do, Mid-eastern Korea from 2015 to 2017. Daily mean value of mountain stream water temperature was approximately $6^{\circ}C$ lower than the daily mean value of air temperature on the monitoring sites during the observation period. Monthly mean value of mountain stream water temperature increased with increasing monthly mean value of air temperature from May to August during the observation period. Seasonal variations of mountain stream water temperature were dependent on air temperature rising and falling periods. Correlation analysis was conducted on mountain stream water temperature to investigate its relationship with air temperature, area, latitude, altitude, and forest coverage of air temperature rising and falling periods. The correlation analysis showed that there exists a relationship (Correlation coefficient: -0.581 ~ 0.825; p<0.05), particularly the air temperature showed highest correlation with mountain stream water temperature. Regression equations could be developed due to contribution of air temperature to affect mountain stream water temperature (Correlation coefficient: 0.742 and 0.825; p<0.01). Therefore, a method using various parameters based on air temperature rising and falling periods, could be recommended for predicting mountain stream water temperature.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of soil covering and vegetation base materials implementation on the growth of Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq. in abandoned coal mine land. We compared the biomass of L. cyrtobotrya at the study plots of four different soil covering depth (control, 10cm, 20cm, and 30cm) and four different compounds of vegetation base materials composed of soil conditioner (S), erosion control (E), and peat moss (P) (control, S+P, E+P, and S+E+P). The result showed that the biomass of L. cyrtobotrya was higher in the study plots implemented with soil covering than control plot, although the increase in biomass was not constant with soil covering depth. In case of the vegetation base materials treatments, the biomass was highest in S+E+P plot, and S+P and E+P plots showed higher biomass than control plot.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2015

This study was performed to compare the effects of different drainage layers on tree growth at the exposed sites of Saemangeum sea dike. 4 types of drainage layers including control(dredged soil), specially prepared bark, gravel, and wood chip were set in 150~165cm depth of soil. Pinus thunbergii and Celtis sinensis were planted after 9 months of soil treatment. Electrical conductivity(EC) of soil in all treated plots were decreased under $4dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, and NaCl(%) was decreased under 0.05% after 1 year from soil treatment. Soil moisture at the 120cm depth of the bark treated plot was higher than that of the 180cm soil depth, below the drainage layer. It is considered that vertical mobility of water was inhibited. Organic matter(OM) at the 120cm soil depth increased at bark and wood chip treated plots. Survival rates after 4 years of P. thunbergii and C. sinensis were 100% in all treatments. The height of P. thunbergii was not significantly different among the treatments while the height of C. sinensis was significantly different among the treatments and it was highest at the bark treated plot.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2006

This study was conducted to find end-members and tracers which are effective to be applied in the End Member Mixing Analysis (EMMA) model for runoff separation at the Gwangneung coniferous forest catchment (13.6ha), Gyeonggido, Korea. We monitored three successive rainfall events during two weeks from June 26, 2005 to July 10, 2005, and analysed chemical properties of rainfall, throughfall, stemflow, groundwater and soil water considered as main components of storm runoff. The followings are the results of analyses of each component and tracer. Groundwater, soil water and rainfall (or throughfall) were dominant runoff components. Rainfall and groundwater were selected as main components for the two components-one tracer mixing model, and groundwater, soilwater and throughfall were selected as main components for the three components-two tracers mixing model. Tracers were selected from anion ($Cl^-$ and ${SO_4}^{2-}$), cation ($Na^+$, $K^+$, $Mg^{2+}$, and $Ca^{2+}$) and Acid Neutralizing Capacity (ANC) in event 1, 2, and 3. $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$ and ANC were selected in the two components-one tracer mixing model and ${SO_4}^{2-}-K^+$, ${SO_4}^{2-}-Na^+$, ${SO_4}^{2-}-Ca^{2+}$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$-ANC, and $Ca^{2+}$-ANC were selected in the three components-two tracers mixing model. Selected main runoff components and tracers can provide basic information to determine the contribution rate of each runoff component and identify the runoff process in a forest watershed.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.226-236
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• 2013

Recently check dam construction number have been increased by becoming known that effectiveness in the control of the landslide and debris flow. However, check dam management standards are not setting yet. Therefore, this study was carried by provide a basic data for the check dam management and inspection in the Gangwondo. The followings are the results of safety inspection on the 274 check dams, which are located in mountain streams, Gangwondo, Republic of Korea. 1. It was determined that, of 274 check dams inspected, 267 check dams (97.4%) generally had a safe condition but 7 check dams (2.6%) had a bad condition that repair and/or complementary measures are required. 2. The check dams with a bad condition had the ages greater than approximately 20 years. This result should be reflected to future stream management strategy including a timing of the specific inspection for durability of check dams. 3. Our finding suggests that the safety inspection of check dams is able to provide basic information required to maintain their own functions, and thus it should be widely applied to stream management strategy against to sediment-related disasters in the future.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2012

This study was conducted in Ningxia Hui autonomous region, located at southern part of Mu Us sand land in China. To investigate relationships between windbreak effect and installation cost of sand barriers, plastic net is utilized by using four kind of heights (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5m) and four kind of porosities (20, 30, 50 and 70%). These heights and porosities are measured for estimating distances for effective windbreak. It is shown that porosity and the distance have a positive relationship at same heights and porosity on ground indicates a constant figure when height reaches a certain level, regardless of the porosity. This implies that there is a difference of level of windbreak with different porosities; however, distance of windbreak effect is same at the same height of sand barrier. As a result of comparison between porosity of sand barrier on the ground and installation cost in each sand barrier with various heights and porosities (16 combinations), 0.4m and 0.5m height sand barriers describe highest economical efficiency. Within two variables, we concluded that height has a higher impact on windbreak effect than porosity.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2006

The reinforcement of soil shear strength by nylon net as substitute materials simulating a fine root system was evaluated by soil strength parameters(apparent cohesion(c) and internal friction angle(tan${\phi}$), using simple shear tester which clearly depicts shear deformation and controls soil suction. And the results of shear test by using bamboo as a substitute materials simulating a main root system and using nylon net as a substitute materials simulating a fine root system were compared. The reinforcement of soil strength by nylon net are expressed by apparent cohesion more than internal friction angle. In addition the increment of apparent cohesion by nylon net reached a peak in suction 60 $cmH_2O$. Different from with bamboo, the possibility of the change on internal friction angle(tan${\phi}$) caused by the soil water condition was shown in shear strain 20% condition. These results show that the mechanism of reinforcement by substitute materials simulating root system may be different in the condition of various soil water content.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2010

우리나라 산림공익기능 증진 관련 정책 및 조치는 2001년 산림법 체계에서 산림기본법 중심의 기능별 법체계 개편 이후 산림법의 분법화가 본격적으로 진행되면서 새롭게 제정된 법령에 근거하여 다양한 정책이 추진되고 있다. 이러한 정책에는 1970년대부터 수원함양림조성, 사방사업 등 국민들의 일상생활과 크게 밀접하지 않은 수자원 보전기능과 국토보전유지기능이 중요한 산림공익기능 증진 정책으로 지속적으로 추진되고 있다. 특히 최근에는 보건휴양기능, 산림생태계와 동 식물 보전관리의 중요성에 따른 생물다양성보전기능 정책이 활발히 추진되고 있다. 이중 보건휴양기능은 주 5일제의 정착 이후 다양한 산림휴양수요에 적극 대응하기 위하여 예산규모는 적지만 다양한 정책이 추진되고 있는 것이 특징적이다. 이는 보건휴양기능이 국민의 일상생활과 밀접하게 관련되어 있는 기능으로서 짧은 기간에 정부투자의 가시적인 성과와 국민들로부터 높은 호응을 얻을 수 있기 때문으로 판단된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제110권4호
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• pp.665-677
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• 2021

본 연구는 홍천 가리산 선도산림경영단지의 경제적·공익적 기능을 증진하기 위한 산림관리 최적화 방안과 목재생산·탄소저장·수원함양 가치 사이의 상호관계를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 다목적 선형계획법을 이용하여 산림경영계획 모델을 개발하였다. 모델은 목재생산·탄소저장·수원함양의 가중치별 순현재가치의 합을 최대화하는 목적함수와 분기별 목재생산량의 변화율, 영급별·수종별 면적 비율, 경영구역별 침엽수·활엽수 면적 비율, 최소 목재생산량 및 목재판매액을 제약하는 조건식을 갖는다. 대상지의 산림조사부 및 종합계획을 바탕으로 현재 임분 정보와 경영제약요인을 분석하고, 목적함수의 기능별 가중치를 달리하여 경영대안을 구성하였다. 경영대안에 따라 최적해들을 비교한 결과, 목재생산·탄소저장·수원함양의 순현재가치 합은 한 가지 기능만 선택하여 최대화하는 대안보다 세 가지 기능을 동일한 비율로 고려하여 종합적 가치를 최대화하는 경영대안에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 세 가지 기능이 동시에 작용할 때 목재생산 기능은 탄소저장 및 수원함양과 상쇄작용을 하였고, 탄소저장과 수원함양은 서로 상승작용을 하였다. 반면 세 가지 기능 중 두 가지만을 고려하는 경우에는 모든 기능 조합에서 서로 상쇄작용을 하였다. 따라서 한두 가지 기능보다는 세 가지 기능을 모두 고르게 고려하는 것이 가리산 선도산림경영단지의 가치를 최대화할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2002

This study synthesizes previous research accomplishments with analysis of problems and counterplan for the riparian forest zone management and ongoing research strategy is suggested. If a part of budgets for water use allotments is supported for forest watershed owner, this policy for the forest owner could encourage the forest management of watershed. Integrated riparian forest management guideline in city and county needs to be established for the implementation of government guidelines. Base on the guideline, working plans of city and county could be evaluated. Public Forest Tending Work for stream water quality and quantity conservation should be enlarged for forest watershed and forest area management in five big river watersheds. Forest watershed should be managed with a connected system for a pollutant reduction strategy in urban and industrial areas.