• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.78-93
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• 2011

Clean and safe water is the fundamental element for the good life of people. However, expanding the distrust on the tap water increased the anxiety on drinking water and accelerated the growth of the natural and purified water market. In this respect, this study was made to find an opportunity to invigorate the use of the Seoul tap water for drinking by means of assessing the awareness of the citizen and the current condition on the tap water in Seoul. The findings were that the direct use of the tap water for drinking was very low and 'use after boiling' was also lower relative to 'use of purified water'. Also, the education on the environment should include the importance of the use of the tap water to improve the awareness of the citizen on the tap water and the administrative role, typically for educational institutes and schools, might be required to increase the use of the tab water for drinking.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.30-38
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• 1987

Because the development of Korea's water resources will reach its limit in the near future, preparations should now be begun to deal with problems that may come as a result. It will be too late to start preparations when the water resources have already reach their limitation and, as the preparations cannot be done in a day, it will take a long time to provide them. Now is the great turning point to accumulate our technical experiences and attain our plans gradually. The preparations against this are summarized as follows; 1)The transitory use of water should be turn into the recurrent use for the future. 2)A cooperative water control system of an area should be arranged. 3)Water saving, control of water demand, and the multiple use of water should be encouraged. To do this effectively, people should be informed of the value and rarity of water. 4)The development of freshwater reserviors at estuaries is closely related to the development of water utilization in the whole river basin. The development of water resources by the construction of freshwater reservoirs at the estuaries should be started, when the development of upstream water resources reaches their limitation. 5)The existing water utilization structures should be reorganized by water resources exchange planning, so the effective use of water in large areas be attained.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2007년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.74-83
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• 2007

The goal of this study is to establish an integrated watershed hydrologic model for the whole Nakdong River basin whose area is an approximately 24,000 km2. Including a number of watershed elements such as rainfall, runoff, water use, and so on, the proposed model is based on SWAT model, and is used to improve the flow duration curve estimation of ungauged watersheds for Korean Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL). The model is also used to recognize quantitatively the river flow variation due to water use elements and large dam effluents in the whole watershed. The established combined watershed hydrologic model, SWAT-Nakdong, is used to evaluate the quantified influences of artificial water balance elements, such as a dam and water use in the watershed. We apply two water balance scenarios in this study: the dam scenario considering effluent conditions of 4 large multi-purpose dams, Andong dam, Imha dam, Namgang dam, and Habcheon dam, and the water use scenario considering a water use for stream line and the effluent from a treatment plant. The two scenarios are used to investigate the impacts on TMDL design flow and flow duration of particular locations in Nakdong River main stream. The results from this study will provide the basic guideline for the natural flow restoration in Nakdong River.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.789-798
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• 2004

가뭄이나 장래 물 부족을 해결하기 위한 방안으로 지표수-지하수 연계이용 방안이 대두되고 있다. 하나의 수원에 지나치게 높게 의존하고 있는 지역은 물 부족사태가 발생할 개연성이 높기 때문에 연계이용을 검토할 수 있으며, 추가 및 신규 수자원 확보 차원에서도 연계이용은 매우 현실적이고 효율적인 대안이 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 가뭄과 같은 비상시 안정적인 물 공급을 위해 지표수와 지하수를 효율적으로 연계하여 추가적인 수자원을 확보하는데 적용할 수 있는 방법론을 개발ㆍ제시하였다. 개발된 방법론은 지표수-지하수 연계이용 적지선정을 위한 분석, 가뭄해석을 기초로 한 물 공급 시나리오 도출, 유형별 추가 수자원 확보량 산정 등의 절차로 구성되며, 체계적이고 정량적인 방법에 의해 지표수-지하수 연계이용을 계획할 수 있어 공공기관 등에서 물 관리 방안 수립시 유용한 도구가 될 수 있다.

• 대한지질공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지질공학회 2002년도 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.235-248
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• 2002

지하수개발 기술의 발전과 생활여건 개선으로 지하수의 사용이 증가되면서 지하수에 대한 관리상 어려움과 여러 문제점들이 발생하고 있다. 지하수관리체계의 부실, 관리 인원의 부족, 무분별한 개발 등으로 지하수 오염 및 수량부족 현상이 가중되고 있고, 또한 지하수관 정의 관리가 어려워 지역적인 과잉개발이나 폐공이 방치되는 현상이 나타나고 있다. 본 논문은 GIS를 이용한 지하수관리의 시스템구축 모델을 제시하고, 지하수관리시스템에 필요한 분석기능 및 지하수관리 방법을 구현하여 효율적인 지하수관리가 이루어질 수 있도록 하는데 목적이 있다. 지하수개발의 위치정보를 기록하고 개발자료와 현장조사자료 등의 여러 자료를 D/B화 하였다. 또한 위성영상을 이용한 선구조 분석 자료와 수리시험 자료, 수질조사 자료 등을 활용하여 지역별 특성 값을 주제도로 작성하였고, 이러한 자료들을 활용하여 지하수 모델링 기초자료를 자동 생성할 수 있도록 하였다. 신규 지하수개발 위치에 대하여 주변의 지하수개발현황 및 오염원 현황, 선구조의 발달, 오염취약성도(DRASTIC), 수질조사 등의 자료를 손쉽게 파악할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 지하수관리시스템은 이러한 기능들을 이용하여 지하수개발 적지선정이 가능하다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.495-508
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to develop a quantified water loss Index to evaluate and manage leakage scientifically for the reduction of non-revenue water in water distribution systems. For the purpose, unavoidable background leakage suggested from UK water industry and IWA, and allowable water leakage in accord with the concept of allowable water loss are proposed by analyzing the inflow into two study water districts and the short-term water use of each customer in the districts. The study distribution areas are selected among the metered districts with good maintenance of leakage after improvement activities in Nonsan, medium sized city in Korea. Estimation models of allowable leakage are developed by metering and analyzing the minimum night flow at residential and commercial areas in the city. In the results of the investigation, it is estimated that background night flow in residential area was larger than that of commercial area where the types of business shows small water use characteristics. Meanwhile, night flow and background water loss on internal plumbing systems show great differences for each district which is influenced much by the water use characteristics and facilities scale. Based on metering water use data in various districts, leakage management criteria can be established under the consideration of domestic conditions in Korea by analyzing separated real water use and background leakage and it is possible to apply into presentation of optimal leakage level and reasonable time for working activities for leakage reduction.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2004

This study is to analyze the affecting factors to the peak factor in the drinking water supply Facilities. The peak factor is a very important element to determine the capacity of the water supply facllities. Several factors such as Population served, average day water demand, ratio of domestic water use, ratio of affairs & business water use and water use per capital per day were selected as the affecting factors in this study. In this study, peak factor characteristics for Korean facilities were compared with those for Japanese ones. As a result, non-exceedance probability was suggested as the designing method for the peak factor. Also, the 50% non-exceedance probability values and the 90% values based on the 1998-1999 data were suggested in this study.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2007년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.510-515
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• 2007

A Study on Typical Rates of Water-use for School Facilities has been carried out in this work. Water supply system is given much weight in school facilities. Therefore, it set up a basis efficiency using of water sources to calculate typical rates of water use. The results are summarized as follows ; 1) On the whole, typical rates of water-use was founded out 15 L / stu. d in pirmary school, 10 L / stu. d in middle school and 30L / stu. d in high school smaller than the existing it. It was rate of water-use change as season and Max. Rates of water-use was July. 2) I deem that school hours are 5 hour's in primary school, 7 hour's in middle school and 8 hour's in high school. It the concept of 1 hour that is lesson time 40 minutes and resting time 10 minutes in primary school, lesson time 45 minutes and resting time 10 minutes in middle school and lesson time 50 minutes and resting time 10 minutes in high school. 3) It is desired that we calculate the volume of pump and water tank throughout this concept and the size of water tank should be 1.5 times with taking pick load into consideration by this study on typical rate of water-use. 4) The amount of using water increases in gradually and I consider the life cycle of facilities is more than 10 years. As a result, I can forecast that the size will be insufficiency but I deem that if we devise a plan about parallel pumping on water tank space, we can cope with it. Also, it is expected that we can cut back the transport energy by controlling pump volume.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.61-75
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• 2021

This study aims to assess the changes in crop water requirement of paddy and upland according to future climate and land use changes scenarios. Changes in the spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and precipitation are factors that lower the stability of agricultural water supply, and predicting the changes in crop water requirement in consideration of climate change can prevent the waste of limited water resources. Meanwhile, due to the recent changes in the agricultural product consumption structure, the area of paddy and upland has been changing, and it is necessary to consider future land use changes in establishing an appropriate water use plan. Climate change scenarios were derived from the four GCMs of the CMIP6, and climate data were extracted under two future scenarios, namely SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5. Future land use changes were predicted using the FLUS (Future Land Use Simulation) model. Crop water requirement in paddy was calculated as the sum of evapotranspiration and infiltration based on the water balance in a paddy field, and crop water requirement in upland was estimated as the evapotranspiration value by applying Penman-Monteith method. It was found that the crop water requirement for both paddy and upland increased as we go to the far future, and the degree of increase and variability by time showed different results for each GCM. The results derived from this study can be used as basic data to develop sustainable water resource management techniques considering future watershed environmental changes.

• 농촌계획
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2020

While agricultural water has been declared free in Korea to ensure access to these limited resource since the year 2000, farmers have however developed lackadaisical behavior towards water saving leading to its scarcity. To overcome this problem, a variety of experience-oriented education model was developed for farmers to promote the adoption of water conservation, and preventive measure against the drought impacts. In this study, farmers' awareness and their attitudinal behavior of agricultural water savings were investigated. The monitoring of water supply structure and the repair facilities in Pohang and Yeongdeok areas were conducted. The field visits and behavioral surveys showed a high degree of over-use and illegal water withdrawals by the farmers due to poor water-saving and management practices. We found that most of the KRC employees strongly admitted the necessity of water-saving education. On the other hand, the farmers showed good interest in the implementation of water-saving awareness through education. Besides this, most farmers agreed to adopt water-saving practices in the fields. Farmers also acknowledged the recklessness of water use was due to the aging of waterways, poor water management, and illegal water consumption. The majority of the farmers responded against imposing the water-use tariffs. However, there was a low response to paying the water-use charge. Aging agricultural facilities and the lack of institutional penalties or incentives were the major obstacles in achieving efficient water-saving. Considering the current drought frequency, urgent water-saving education of farmers was deemed necessary to prepare the farming community against the water shortages. Based on the results of this study, we have to identify the irrigation practices of farmers and provide water-saving education to enforce more efficient use and management of agricultural water.