• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.3843-3848
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• 2011

본 연구는 서비스지연이 대기불안에 미치는 영향력 및 대기불안에 대한 지연과 개인특성변수(성별, 쾌락성)의 조절효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 보면, 먼저 대기 중 지연시간이 증가하게 되면 대기불안 또한 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 지연시간과 대기불안의 관계에 있어 성별의 조절효과는 존재하는 것으로 나타난 반면 서비스에 대한 쾌락성 지각수준에 따른 조절효과는 존재하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 결론에서는 지연에 대한 서비스기업에 대한 시사점과 연구의 한계점 및 향후 과제를 제시하였다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.284-293
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the levels of anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QOL) among kidney or liver transplant candidates and recipients. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was utilized. The 160 subjects were recruited and assigned to three different conditions: awaiting transplant group; post-transplantation (TPL) group within less than one year of surgery; and post-TPL group with one year and no more than two years post surgery. The levels of anxiety and depression were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The level of quality of life was measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 version 2. Results: The anxiety score was significantly higher in the waiting group compared with the 1~2 years post TPL group. The depression score was significantly higher in the waiting group compared with the post TPL groups. The QOL was significantly lower in the waiting group compared with the post TPL groups. Conclusion: Our results show a high prevalence of anxiety and depression and a marked reduction in the QOL in transplant candidates compared to the recipients. This study indicates that the group waiting for transplants may have unmet needs during that time period. Health professionals should be encouraged to attend to the psychological distress of the transplant candidates in order to improve their quality of life.

• 대한간호
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.36-48
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• 1990

This study was attempted to provide us with basic information on how to improve understanding with patients for operation, and to offer then better nursing and treatment. This kind of study will help scientific application to nursing practice and operating room. The data was collected by interviewing 29 patients who underwent the elective surgery under the general anesthesia at Y hospital in Seoul. The interview ran from October 15 to December 15, 1989. The research instrument was a anxiety measurement device (SAAI) originally developed by Spielberger, et al and modified by Jung-Tack Kim. 1. Hypothesis Testing Hypothesis one was that there would be a difference in state anxiety level according to a time difference in watiting for operation. This hypothesis was rejected(state.anxiety level one hour before operation P>.05, r-.747, State anxiety level half an hour before operation P>.05, r-.1550, state anxiety level just before operation, P>.05, r=.1099). However, state anxiety, evel appeared to be associated with a longer watiting period, like one day before operation (P<.05, r-.4628). Hypothesis two was that there would be a difference according to state anxiety level of patients for operation. This was rejected. (Change of blood perssure in systolie P>.05 r=.1082, Change of blood pressure in diastolic P>.05, r=.088, Change of pulse rate, P>.05, r-1.909) 2. Examining trait anxiety and state anxiety levels, the average level of trait anxiety was 42.034, and the average level of state anxiety one day before operation was 43,000. The average level of state anxiety was averaged 42.356 in a waiting room for operation. 3. Examining the state anxiety level by time period, the one hour before was 42.379 the level half an hour before 42.276, and the level just before operation 42.414. The low level of state anxiety was due to the fact that premedication was not eliminated. 4. Age and time period like one day before operation was related to state anxiety level (F=5.271, P<.0.01) and blood pressure in waiting room for operation. That is, state anxiety level and blood pressure of patients one day before operation appeared high. Sex was relation to changes of blood pressure ; the blood pressure of male patients appeard higer than of female patients. A marital status was also related anxiety level one hour before operation the married patient for operation showed a higher state anxiety level than that of the unmarried patient for operation. Education was similarily related to trait anxiety level in which highly educated patients show lower levels of trait anxiety than poorly educated ones. Motive for hospitalization was related to state anxiety level for patient one hour before operation (F=6.464, P<.05) likewise, patients who are supposed to undergo operation hastily showed higher levels of anxiety than patients who expect elective surgeries.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.388-397
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of informational intervention delivered by electronic patient information board in the OR waiting room for reduction of anxiety of mothers with child having operation. Method: Nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used in this study. The subjects was 52 mothers whose children underwent elective surgery in one Pediatric Hospital. Informational intervention in this study consisted of four critical stages. State anxiety by Spielberger, mean arterial pressure, and heart rates at preoperative and postoperative period were measured. The data were analyzed by using Chi-Square test and t-test with SPSS/PC 10.0 program. Results: 1) There was a significant difference in the state anxiety between the control and the experimental groups. 2) There was no significant difference in the mean arterial pressure between the two groups. 3) There was no significant difference in the heart rate between the two groups. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that informational intervention delivered by electronic patient information board would be an effective intervention during the operation in reducing anxiety of mothers with child having operation.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to assess relationships among the uncertainty, medical staff's support, and anxiety perceived by family members with cancer patients while the family members were waiting for their patients undergoing surgery. Method: The data were collected from the family members of cancer patients who were undergoing surgery in D University Hospital at B city from February 1 to April 12, 2005. The used instruments were the State Anxiety Scale of Spielberger's(1975) STAI, Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS)(1981), and Relationship Questionnaires (Lee, 1978). The collected data was analyzed by using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: As the result, the most influential variable explaining anxiety of family members was uncertainty $({\ss}=0.37)$, followed by perceived illness state $({\ss}=-0.27)$. These two variables simultaneously explained 29.3% of the variance in anxiety. Conclusion: We suggest to develop a nursing intervention program to reduce the uncertainty through the medical staff's support and o test its effects.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.25-51
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• 2012

정보기술의 활용이 마케팅 전략의 중요한 부분으로 부각되는 시장 환경에서 본 논문에서는 패스트푸드 레스토랑에서 주문시 Self Service Technology(SST)를 사용 할 때 기술준비도와 소비자 준비도에 따른 사용동기, 태도, 사용의도의 차이를 검증하고자 하였다. Parasuraman이 TRI를 개발한 이후 SST와 TRI를 접목한 연구가 이루어져 왔지만 여전히 부족한 실정이다. 소비자 준비도 역시 SST사용에 대한 소비자의 동기와 태도 및 의도와 직접적인 영향을 미칠 수 있지만 이에 대한 연구는 이루어지지 않았다. 이에 본 연구에서는 패스트푸드 레스토랑에서 터치스크린 SST를 도입함에 있어 소비자의 기술준비도와 소비자 준비도가 Dabholkar & Bagozzi(1994)가 제안한 SST 핵심태도모델에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 이때 모든 소비자와 상황적 요인에 따른 차이를 파악하고자 자아의식, 상호작용욕구, 기술에 대한 두려움 등의 소비자특성과 지각된 대기시간, 지각된 과밀 등의 상황적 요인에 따른 조절 효과를 검증하였다. AMOS 18.0프로그램을 사용하여 구조방정식 모델로 분석하였고 연구 결과 기술준비도 중 낙관성은 사용용이성과 재미 동기에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 혁신성은 사용용이성과 성과에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 역할의 명확성, 능력 및 자아 효능감으로 구성된 소비자준비도는 사용용이성, 성과와 재미 등 모든 SST사용동기 요소에 기술준비도보다 강하고 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 SST 핵심태도모델 내의 SST 사용 동기, 사용 태도 및 사용의도 간의 관계에서 소비자 특성과 상황적 요인의 조절효과를 검증한 결과 지각된 과밀을 제외한 모든 변수들이 조절효과를 지니는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 터치스크린 SST를 도입하려는 기업에 실무적 제언을 하였다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2021

Background: This study assessed anticipatory dental anxiety levels among 8- to 12-year-old children based on subjective and physiological measures and their correlation. The variations in anxiety based on sex, age, temperament, and academic performance were evaluated. Methods: An observational study was conducted in 60 children recruited from the waiting room over a 6-month period. The operator recorded subjective anxiety in the children using a novel visual facial anxiety scale. The operator also noted the demographic details and child's temperament using the nine dimensions of the Thomas and Chess criteria, and graded children as "easy," "slow to warm-up," and "difficult." The academic performance of the children was graded (parental ratings) on a five-point Likert scale. Physiological variables (heartrate [HR], oxygen saturation[SpO2], and blood pressure [BP]) were recorded by another evaluator. The correlation between anxiety levels and physiological variables was also assessed. The effects of age, sex, temperament, and academic performance on anxiety were evaluated. Results: The study included 60 children aged 8-12 years, including 36 boys and 24 girls. Seventy percent of children had mild to moderate levels of pre-extraction anxiety, while 30% of children demonstrated high anxiety. A significant positive correlation was noted between anxiety levels and HR (rs = 0.477, P < 0.001⁎) and systolic BP (rs = 0.294, P < 0.05), while a significant but inverse correlation was observed with SpO2 (rs = -0.40, P < 0.05). Anxiety did not influence diastolic BP. Children with difficult temperament and poor academic performance had significantly higher anxiety. Conclusion: A high percentage (70%) of children aged 8-12 years had mild to moderate anxiety prior to the extraction procedure. Increased HR, systolic BP, and reduced SpO2 were significantly associated with high levels of anticipatory dental anxiety. Pre-extraction anxiety was significantly related to the temperament and scholastic performance.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.316-329
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to exame the effectiveness of the hand massage as an independent nursing intervention for the cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. The data were collected with quasiexperimental research design from 40 subjects-20 for experimental group and 20 for control group-of the radiation oncology department of one university hospital in Seoul from January 10th to March 29th, 1994. Subjects agreed to participate in this study and ranged in age from 18 to 82 years with mean age of 52.63. They had insight of their disease and had undergone radiotherapy at least twice. The hand massage developed by Mariah Snyder (1993) based on the Swedish Massage was administered to the experimental group prior to having radiation therapy at the waiting place of radiotherapy room. Hand massage was given to each hand of patient for five minutes once a day. Measurement of the patient's blood pressure, pulse rate, state anxiety and mood were done before and after the administration of hand massage for 5 days. The data were analyzed with paired t-test, t-test an4 the results were summarized as follows ; 1. After administration of the hand massage, the diastolic blood pressure of experimental group was decreased significantly, while the systolic blood pressure and the pulse rate were decreased, but not significantaly. 2. In the experimental group, the level of anxiety was significantaly lower than control group. The mean scores of the difference of the anxiety level after having hand massage was 8.60 in the experimental group and 0.75 in the control group. 3. The difference of the mood scores before and after the massage in the experimental group was decreased significantly. The mean mood score was decreased 4.80 in the experimental group as compared with 2.02 in the control group. 4. The patients after having the hand massage expressed subjectively their feeling of relaxation, well - being and being enjoyable, the significant decreased of physical symptoms and anxiety. The findings summarized that the use of the hand massage for the cancer patient undergoing radiation therapy Produced significant changes in the level of anxiety and relaxation. Therefore it is recommended to use the hand massage as an intervention for the patients.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 컴퓨터 기반의 인지편향수정 프로그램(Cognitive Bias Modification Program - Interpretation, CBM-I)을 이용하여 사회불안 경향이 있는 대학생들을 위한 해석편향 수정 프로그램을 개발하고, 이 프로그램이 사회불안증상 및 해석편향 변화에 미치는 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 40명의 사회불안 경향성자들을 긍정해석 훈련집단((n=21)과 비처치대기집단((n=19)에 배정하였고 치료 전후 해석 편향과 사회불안증상 수준(e.g. 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움 척도, 레보위츠 사회불안 척도)을 비교하였다. CBM-I 훈련은 참가자들이 긍정적인 방식으로 모호한 상황을 해석하면 긍정적 피드백을 제공하고, 부정적인 방식으로 해석하면 부정적 피드백을 제공하는 방식으로 진행되었으며, 긍정해석 훈련집단의 경우 3주간 3번의 회기에 참가하였다. 사후분석에서 긍정훈련 조건에 참가한 내담자들의 자기 보고식 사회불안 증상이 감소하였다(t=2.35, p<.05; t=4.70, p<.001). 이러한 결과는 다중회기로 실시된 해석 편향의 수정이 임상적으로 유용할 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.31-33
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• 2024

Purpose: Music therapy helps alleviate anxiety, depression, and pain for cancer patients, contributing to stress relief. With such advantages, music therapy is applied across a broad spectrum of treatment areas, including mental disorders, developmental disabilities, and conditions affecting the elderly. It has been shown to enhance the quality of life for terminally ill cancer patients. Recent research has revealed its positive effects in boosting immune function and resilience. In light of these findings, the author conducted a study to investigate patient satisfaction with music listening. Materials and Methods: First, a survey was conducted with 30 individuals to inquire about the perceived necessity of listening to music in a waiting area. Next, participants were asked whether listening to music could contribute to psychological stability. Finally, preferences for music genres and satisfaction with music listening were assessed with a sample of 20 individuals. Results: In terms of the perceived necessity of listening to music in the waiting area, 28 out of 30 individuals, or 93%, expressed agreement. Regarding the belief that music listening could contribute to psychological stability, 28 out of 30 individuals, or 93%, believed that it would indeed help with stability. When it comes to preferred music genres, 4 individuals (13%) favored classical music, 2 individuals (6%) preferred traditional Korean music, 2 individuals (6%) enjoyed trot music, and 20 individuals (66%) had no specific genre preference. As for music listening satisfaction, 17 out of 20 individuals, or 85%, reported being satisfied. Conclusion: When patients visit the hospital, stress can increase due to concerns about their medical conditions. To address this, providing a variety of music genres at the hospital has been effective in reducing patient stress and promoting psychological stability.