• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.191-194
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• 2004

Exponentially increasing biopathway data in recent years provide us with means to elucidate the large-scale modular organization of the cell. Given the existing information on metabolic and regulatory networks, inferring biopathway information through scientific reasoning or data mining of large scale array data or proteomics data get great attention. Naturally, there is a need for a user-friendly system allowing the user to combine large and diverse pathway data sets from different resources. We built a data warehouse - BIOWAY - for analyzing and visualizing biological pathways, by integrating and customizing resources. We have collected many different types of data in regards to pathway information, including metabolic pathway data from KEGG/LIGAND, signaling pathway data from BIND, and protein information data from SWISS-PROT. In addition to providing general data retrieval mechanism, a successful user interface should provide convenient visualization mechanism since biological pathway data is difficult to conceptualize without graphical representations. Still, the visual interface in the previous systems, at best, uses static images only for the specific categorized pathways. Thus, it is difficult to cope with more complex pathways. In the BIOWAY system, all the pathway data can be displayed in computer generated graphical networks, rather than manually drawn image data. Furthermore, it is designed in such a way that all the pathway maps can be expanded or shrinked, by introducing the concept of super node. A subtle graphic layout algorithm has been applied to best display the pathway data.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2007

Adenoviral vectors are among the most promising vectors available for human gene therapy. However, the use of recombinant adenoviral vectors, including replicationcompetent adenovirus (RCA), raises a variety of safety concerns in relation to the development of new therapies based on gene therapy. To examine how organic compounds change in rat plasma following the injection of adenovirus, $\beta$-galactosidase expressing recombinant adenovirus (designated rAdLacZ) or RCA, we investigated the content of fatty acids (FAs), which are important biochemical indicators in pathological conditions. Pattern recognition analysis on the level of FAs in rat plasma is described for the visual discrimination of adenovirus infection groups from normal controls. Plasma FAs from four control rats (normal group), and from four rats with rAdLacZ infection and six rats with RCA infection (the two abnormal groups), were examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring modes as their tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives. In total, 20 FAs were positively detected and quantified. The results of the Student's t-test on the normal mean of two abnormal groups, the levels of three FAs (p<0.05) from rAdLacZ group and eleven FAs (p<0.05) from RCA group were significantly different. When star symbol plotting was applied to the group mean values of 20 FAs after normalization to the corresponding normal mean values, the resulting eicosagonal star patterns of the two infected groups were distorted into similar shapes, but were distinguishable from each other. Thus, these approaches will be useful for screening and monitoring of diagnostic markers for the effects of infection following the use of adenoviral vectors in gene therapy.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2012

이 논문에서는 십진수의 매트릭스 방법 (DVM) 을 이용한 새로운 방법으로 불리언 논리를 최소화할 때 최소항을 그룹화 하여 표시하는 방법을 제안하고 있다. DVM 방법은 매트릭스 방법을 이용하여 최소항에 관한 이진수의 차이를 십진수 형태로 변환하는 과정을 거치고, 결합할 수 있는 최소항을 직접 확인할 수 있다. 십진수의 매트릭스 방법은 시각적 접근에 따른 새로운 매트릭스이지만, 경우에 따라 주어진 셀 값을 그룹화 하는데 있어서 도형이 복잡해지기도 하는 문제점이 있다. 이 논문은 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 연구로, 십진수의 매트릭스 방법에 최소항의 다단계 그룹을포함하는 기법을 제안하고 있다. 이 연구에서 제시하는 방법은 최소항의 그룹을 간결한 시각적인 방법으로 표현 하였으므로, 관련된 최소항을 구체적으로 파악하는 수단으로 사용할 수 있다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2013

초 다시점 및 전자 홀로그래픽 디스플레이는 향후 기대가 되는 연속시차를 주는 3차원 디스플레이 방식이나, 아직 가용한 디스플레이의 부재로 초기 개발 단계에 있다. 초 다시점의 구현은 다시점 영상의 수 보다는 화소셀/요소 영상내의 화소 수와 화소 사이즈에 의존하며, 전자 홀로그래피도 전체 패널내의 화소 수와 화소 사이즈에 의존하므로 이들의 구현을 위한 요구 사항에는 차이가 없다. 그러나 구현 영상자체는 전자 홀로그래피의 경우는 공간 부양 영상이므로 초 다시점의 패널을 앞뒤로 한 깊이감의 표시보다 시각적인 효과가 더 클 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.478-488
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• 1997

Omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) is found in a high proportion in the structural lipids of cell membranes, in particular those of the central nervous system and the retina. Diet-induced changes in fatty acid composition in these tissues may affect physiochemical functions. This study was conducted to investigate whether supplements of DHA in infant formula has an effect on the composition of fatty acids in erythrocytes with regard to brain development. Experimental groups were breastmilk group(n=21), placebo formula group(n=15), and DHA supplemented formula (0.26%) group(n=16). Infants were selected by mothers who deliverecdd at Kyung Hee medical center from February to April, 1996. Infant body weight, length, and head circumference were similar among the experimental groups at 16 weeks of age. The levels of DHA in breastmilk, placebo formula, and DHA supplemented formula were 0.56, 0, and 0.26% of total fatty acids, respectively. There was a significant correlation between dietary DHA intake and erythrocyte DHA levels. The levels of arachidonic acid did not differ among the three expermental groups. The result of flash visual evoke potential(VEP) test was correlated with the erythrocyte levels and dietary DHA levels at 16 weeks of age. No other fatty acid was correlated with VEP test results. No differences were found in Bayley Mental and Psychomotor Development Index scores among the three groups at 20 weeks of age. DHA seems to be an essential nutrient for optimum growth and maturation of term infants. Relatively small amounts of dietary DHA supplementation significantly elevate DHA supplementation significantly elevate DHA content in erythrocytes, which in turn has an implication for better scores for infant's VEP test. Whether supplementation of formula-fed infants with DHA has long-term benefits remains to be elucidated.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.610-620
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• 2021

There has been increasing interest in the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) that is caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and has posed a significant challenge to Otolaryngologists. A rapid, sensitive, and reliable method is required for the detection of HR-HPV in clinical specimens to prevent and treat HPV-induced diseases. In this study, a multiple cross-linking spiral amplification (MCLSA) assay was developed for the visual detection of HPV-16. In the MCLSA assay, samples were incubated under optimized conditions at 62℃ for 45 min, and after mixing with the SYBR Green I (SGI) dye, the positive amplicons showed bright green fluorescence while the negative amplicons exhibited no obvious change. The specificity test revealed that the developed MCLSA technique had high specificity and could effectively distinguish all five HPV-16 strains from other pathogenic microorganisms. In terms of analytical sensitivity, the limit of detection (LoD) of MCLSA assay was approximately 5.4 × 101 copies/tube, which was 10-fold more sensitive than loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and RT-PCR. The detection results of laryngeal cancer specimens collected from 46 patients with suspected HPV infection in the Liaoning region demonstrated that the positive detection rates of MCLSA and hybridized capture 2 kit were 32.61% (15/46). The true positive rate of the MCLSA assay was higher than that of RT-PCR (100% vs. 93.33%) and LAMP (100% vs. 86.67%). Therefore, the MCLSA assay developed in the present study could be a potentially useful tool for the point-of-care (PoC) diagnosis of HR-HPV, especially in resource-limited countries.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2019

Acanthamoeba castellanii has ubiquitous distribution and causes primary acanthamoebic keratitis (AK). AK is a common disease in contact lens wearers and results in permanent visual impairment or blindness. In this study, we observed the cytopathic effect, in vitro cytotoxicity, and secretion pattern of cytokines in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) induced by A. castellanii trophozoites and/or cysts. Morphological observation revealed that panked dendritic HCECs co-cultured with amoeba cysts had changed into round shape and gradually died. Such changes were more severe in co-culture with cyst than those of co-cultivation with trophozoites. In vitro cytotoxicity assay revealed the highest cytotoxicity to HCECs in the co-culture system with amoeba cysts. A. castellanii induced the expression of $IL-1{\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL1 in HCECs. Secreted levels of $IL-1{\alpha}$, IL-6, and IL-8 in HCECs co-cultured with both trophozoites and cysts were increased at an early incubation time (3 and 6 hr). These results suggested that cytopathic changes and pro-inflammatory cytokines release of HCECs in response to A. castellanii, especially amoebic cysts, are an important mechanism for AK development.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.827-837
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• 2019

The present study was conducted with the aim to investigate the ameliorative effects of a new soybean product (cheonggukjang) fermented with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SCGB1 (SFBA) in atopic dermatitis (AD) mouse model. Visual evaluation of AD induction in the mice indicated the remarkable control of SFBA in reducing the pathological severity of AD-like skin lesions reported as the SCORAD score of AD clinical symptoms. The results revealed that SFBA reduced dorsal skin and epidermal thickness to a similar extent with prednisolone. Further analysis revealed the dominance of SFBA in restraining mast cell infiltration in the dermis; immunoglobulin-E expression in serum; and TH2 IL-4 cytokine and itch-related IL-31 cytokine in the mice skin and serum. SFBA also suppressed scratching behaviours in mice induced by compound 48/80. Further histological findings also revealed the alleviation of collagen fiber deposition in dermal skin of the AD mice model. These actions of SFBA were examined to be mediated by its suppression of the phosphorylation activation of key signalling molecules such as $NF-{\kappa}B$ and MAPK responsible for the induction of cytokine production. Thus, SFBA can be considered as a promising functional food for managing clinical, histological and immunological spectra associated with AD.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2023

본 논문에서 제안하는 스토리지 박스의 내부 상황에 대한 실시간 식별 시스템은 오버헤드 빈의 내부 보관 상태, 무게 정보 및 무게 중심 계산 값을 시각화하는 시스템이다. 제안된 시스템은 로드 셀과 스위치 어레이를 사용하여 각 측정값을 동기화하고 시각적 센서를 통해 의미 있고 필요한 정보를 제공한다. 이 시스템은 C 언어 기반 임베디드 시스템으로 구축되며 1) 내부 가용공간 파악, 2) 무게중심 계산, 3) 실시간 시각 정보 제공이 주요 기능이다. 이러한 기능을 통해 스마트 오버헤드 빈을 개발하고, 향후 화물 적재 자동화 시스템 개발에 기여할 수 있는 실시간 화물 적재 모니터링 기술을 개발하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.655-666
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• 2023

Purpose: Gestational nutrition has an impact on the growth and development of the fetus. Choline (C) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are important and essential nutrients for humans that play a role in the structural integrity of the membranes as well as signalling. C is used in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, and cell membranes are highly enriched with DHA. The dietary intake of C or DHA during pregnancy directly influences fetal development. Currently, there is no evidence to prove the effectiveness of the combined dietary supplementation of both C and DHA during gestation on developmental outcomes in the offspring. Methods: The current study was designed to assess the physical, sensory, and motor development of rat pups born to mothers supplemented with C and/or DHA during the entire gestational period. Pregnant rat dams were divided into the following five groups: Normal control (NC), Saline control (SC), Choline (C), DHA, and Choline+DHA (C+DHA). The NC dams did not receive any supplementation during the entire gestation period. The experimental groups were supplemented with Saline, C, and/or DHA, respectively, during the entire gestation (E0 to delivery). Results: Rat pups (n = 6/group) exposed to combined C and DHA showed significant improvement in birth weight, fur development, eye-opening as well as weight gain on the 7th, 14th, and 21st postnatal day and pinnae detachment (assessed from birth to postnatal day 21) when compared with age-matched NC, SC or C or DHA pups. Further, significant reflex responses were observed in visual placing and bar holding of pups exposed to both C and DHA, whereas the differences in surface righting, negative geotaxis, and grasping reflexes were not significant between the groups. Conclusion: Gestational supplementation of both C and DHA rather than either of them alone is better in enhancing developmental outcomes in rat pups.