• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.679-686
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to look into the formative characteristics of the bolero and to evaluate the visual effects and images according to changes in the line and length of the connecting lines of the neck, center front, and hem lines from analyzing the bolero style shown in 2005 S/S domestic fashion. Theoretical examination of the bolero was made philologically with reference books, theses and some articles. And the bolero style shown in 2005 S/S domestic fashion was analyzed with pictures from a fashion magazine "Ceci" and a fashion website 'Interfashion Planning" from Feb. to Aug. of 2005. As a result, the basic lines of the bolero are classified into three different categories according to the connecting lines of the neck, center front line, and hem line. We altered the length of the bolero in three categories with the changes in the waistline-5 cm, 8 cm, and 11 cm. For the visual evaluation, 9 stimuli were placed in mannequins, and were estimated by the experts in the fashion design. For the visual evaluation according to changes in the line and length of the bolero, we used 12 pairs of items to find the visual effects, and 13 pairs of adjectives to measure the visual images. The stimuli and adjectives were randomly given to the evaluators and were evaluated by the 7-Point Likert Type Scale. Data we got from this experiment was analyzed statistically by using the SPSS 12.0 and practiced the Factor Analysis and Correlation Analysis. In the current women's garments, the bolero is a new fashion item which combines with jackets or cardigans. Usually the bolero jacket is made out of a cotton, denim, leather or fur, and the bolero cardigan usually used knitted materials. The design could be very varied depending on the roundness of the center front line, and hem line. According to the result of factor analysis of the visual effects of the Bolero, four factors were identified the whole silhouette, neck line, breasts and shoulders. According to the result of factor analysis of the visual image of the Bolero, three factors were identified maturity, tenderness, neatness.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2006

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between visual perception ability and activities of daily living(ADL) in the children with spastic diplegia who were treated at developmental disabilities children salutary institute. Method : The subject were consisted of 8 children with spastic diplegia(mean age, 10). The visual perception ability was measured by the Developmental Test of Visual Perception(DTVP) and by the Functional Independence Measure for Children(WeeFIM) to evaluate activities of daily living. Collected data analysis were completed by using correlation analysis. Results : Visual perception ability of children with spastic diplegia is the highest in Position in Space(PS) score, and is the lowest in Visual-Motor coordination(VM) score. Average visual perception performance of children with spastic diplegia is the highest in SR(Spatial relationship) score, and is the lowest in VM score. In activities of daily living, eating component were significantly correlated with Visual-Motor coordination. Conclusions : Therefore, accurate evaluation of visual perception ability and visual perception training for children with spastic diplegia will be important to improve patient's activities of daily living skill.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.223-230
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• 1987

In this paper the harmonic degrees between $\alpha$ wave and $\beta$ wave in visual evoked potential are analyzed by the bicoherence. The bicoherence analysis is based on an AR model which provides significantly better resolution than that of Fourier transform. The analysis results of visual evoked pope ntial are compared with the analysis results of background EEC. From the comparison results it is found that the harmonic degree of visual evoked potential is less than she harmonic degree of background EEG and the $\beta$ wave of visual evoke potential unlike the background EEC contains the non harmonic property of a wave more than the harmonic properity

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.153-160
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• 2016

Purpose - The current distribution enterprises have realized the necessity for integrated and specialized images in their stores. From those reasons, visual merchandising has been considered as a powerful means towards brand value judgement as well as maximizing both brand and corporate identity. This research intends to study and discuss the current situations in Korean visual merchandising and its future concept setting. Based on the research findings, this paper tries to propose the basic concept for development strategies of visual merchandising in Korean distribution market. Although the studies on visual merchandising in Korean traditional markets have been continued, visual merchandisers have been distorted by display control centers in real situations. Therefore, this study tries to set both current and future concepts in visual merchandising for further discussions and a new complement formulation. Research design, data, and methodology - This study has investigated previous studies with the way of normative study by comparing, organizing concepts and relating terms on visual merchandising. In order to be an exact research, it seems to be more appropriate to analyze this study with a deductive analysis way rather than inductive as for getting the core of visual merchandising. Besides, this study changed the term 'visual merchandising' into 'VMD', and used it as an unified one. Results - Visual merchandising has an important key in retail planning. With focusing on organizing visual merchandising concepts, it should be adequate for domestic circumstances because there are various visual merchandising concepts with different perspectives. Thus, it is necessary to establish a concept including modern and Korean features through previous studies and data. Visual merchandising can be defined as followings. It enhances the value of shop images from visual aspects and conveys brand concepts effectively. Its task is to plan and manage products sales by combining three merchandising domains such as interior, display, and merchandising. Conclusions - There are some limitations on setting academic concepts in visual merchandising due to its features as to be taken in the field focused studies. More meaningful case studies should be performed as an area of future studies. Therefore, it is necessary to perform an effectiveness analysis on empirical visual merchandising state and present the course of development.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.122-134
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the visual effects and images according to changes in the line and length of the connecting lines of the neck, center front, and hem line from analyzing the bolero style shown in 2005 S/S domestic fashion. The basic lines of the bolero were classified into three different categories according to the connecting lines of the neck, center front line, and hem line. We altered the length of the bolero in three categories with changes in the waistline-5cm, waistline-8cm, and waistline-11cm. For the visual evaluation, 9 stimuli were placed in mannequins, and were estimated by the experts in the fashion design. For the visual evaluation according to changes in the line and length of the bolero, we used 12 pairs of items to find the visual effects, and 13 pairs of adjectives to measure the visual images. The stimuli and adjectives were randomly given to the evaluators and were evaluated by the 7-Point Likert Type Scale. The data have analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, anova, scheffe's test. According to the result of factor analysis of the visual effects of the Bolero, the result was classified into 4 factors: the whole silhouette, neck line, breasts and shoulders. According to the result of factor analysis of the visual image of the Bolero, the result was classified into 3 factor: maturity, tenderness, neatness. The visual effects by variations in the line and length of the bolero had significant differences in all factors. The visual images by variations in the line and length of the bolero had significant differences in the maturity, tenderness, but they didn't show significant differences in neatness.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.143-157
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the visual effects and images according to changes in the silhouettes and length of miniskirt. The silhouettes of the miniskirt were classified into two different categories according to side line, H-line and A-line. We altered the length of the miniskirt in five categories with changes in 25cm, 27.5cm, 30cm, 32.5cm, and 35cm. For the visual evaluation, 10 stimuli were placed in mannequins, and were estimated by the experts in the fashion design. For the visual evaluation according to changes in the silhouettes and length of the miniskirt, we used 13 pairs of items to find the visual effects, and 23 pairs of adjectives to measure the visual images. The stimuli and adjectives were randomly given to the evaluators and were evaluated by the 7-Point Likert Type Scale. The data have analyzed by frequency, t-test, factor analysis, anova, scheffe's test and the MCA method. According to the factor analysis of the visual effects of the miniskirt, the result was classified into 3 factors: the thickness of the lower body, the length of the lower body, and the shape of the lower body. According to factor analysis of the visual image of the miniskirt, the result was classified into 4 factor: personality, attraction, elegance, and activity. The silhouettes of miniskirt had more positive visual effects and images in A-Line than in H-Line. Among the visual effects of miniskirts, the length affected the thickness and length of the lower body more than the silhouette did and, the silhouette had more effects on the shape of the lower body than the length did. And shorter the skirts, stronger the image of personality. However, 32.5cm and 35cm miniskirts are estimated to be more attractive than excessively short skirts. There are many differences in the image of personality and activity according to the changes in the length of miniskirts.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 2014

This study analyzed visual-perceptual centrality as a measure to solve the confusion that might occur in visitor's movement in analyzing contemporary museums that have recently expand. Also, this study proposed a new methodology to understand the relationships of the occurrence and convergence of visual-perceptual power. The existing visibility graph analysis mostly ends up in identifying nodes corresponding to the physical environment of museums while the newly proposed visibility graph analysis is a methodology that can analyze the landmark on which the visual-perceptual power occurs and converges, by setting visible space elements as analysis variables, which showed a possibility to draw more reliable results in parallel to the existing analysis, and the results of this analysis are as follows. A public museum located in downtown has a limitation that it cannot but be multi-layered as a way to enlarge for the accommodation of a variety of programs on a limited site. Also, this study found that the problem of visitor orientation occurring in the multi-layer process was solved by a major space which was visual-perceptually void. Also, its types can be summarized into two types: One is setting parameter spaces (ramps, staircases, hallways) linked visual-perceptually to the major space and the other is solving the confusion of the visitor's movement by composing a simple exhibition space. In particular, it is judged that the type solving the confusion of the visitor's movement by composing a simple exhibition space also had a relationship with changes in the characteristics of the exhibited works by period. In addition, it was found that the entrance also appeared in two types: dependent type and independent type in the major space according to the characteristics of the major space.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.174-179
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• 2013

Purpose: Visual gait analysis plays a pivotal role in determining the important gait problem of patients. A few studies have been published and have received little attention regarding visual gait analysis on patients with orthopedic problems. The purposes of this study were to investigate the difference of reliability levels according to experience of clinical physical therapists. Methods: Thirty-five clinical physical therapists, 5 high experienced, 15 experienced, and 15 inexperienced, were recruited and individually evaluated these videotaped gait patterns of the participants, and filled up the structured gait analysis form. The gait of nine participants was videotaped. Reliability levels were calculated by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). Results: The inter-rater reliability of high experienced group (ICC=0.56; 95% CI: 0.50-0.62) was comparable to that of the experienced raters (ICC=0.48; 95% CI: 0.43-0.53) and inexperienced group (ICC=0.42; 95% CI: 0.38-0.46). High experienced group reached a higher inter-rater reliability level. The average intra-rater reliability of the high experienced group was 0.70 (ICCs ranging from 0.54 to 0.82). The experienced group reached an average intra-rater reliability of 0.61 (ICCs ranging from 0.47 to 0.81). The inexperienced group attained average ICC values of 0.53 (ICCs ranging from 0.30 to 0.74). Conclusion: Use of a structured gait analysis form as described in this study was found to be moderately reliable. Clinical experience appears to increase the reliability of visual gait analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.31-42
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• 1997

Visibility has been used for Visual Impact Assessment and Buildingheight Control. The purpose of this study is to elaborate visibility analysis technique in GIS, and to design a visual information system baed on this technique for diverse application. The results of this study are as follows : 1) By classifying visibility analysis techniques into two groups, Each one's merits and demerits were investigated. Practically GIS visibility analysis by DTM model using contour map and investigating it by means of site-observation can be the most effective method. 2) A visibility analysis techniquwe for V.I.A. and B.H.C. was presented by studying GIS visibility analysis by means of DTM model using contour map. There were 5 problems. 3) Adequate analysis techniques were presented according to the landscape factor-road, ship-route, port, mountain, etc. 4) Viewing distance from road and ship-route in visual corridor, landma가 visibility and distance, the angle of incidence and invisible region's depth are helpful for land scape management or land use planning.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.112-119
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• 2006

This study intends to understand the visual experience of architectural space generated by users' movement based on the interpretation of visual properties. An analytic theory of Isovist is suggested for the objective and comparable measurement for such visual experience, and a computer program for the analysis has been proposed as well. By using the analytical theory and computer program, eight houses designed by Adolf Loos and Le Corbusler are analyzed for the purpose of understanding the visual characteristics of the Modern Architecture and the contemporaries. The result shows that, while the architectural space of Loos emphasizes personal privacy as for being livable spaces, the architectural space of Corbusier emphasizes users' movement as for including diverse visual arrays. These commensurable results exhibit that the analytical tool and research frame suggested in this study can be a competitive tool for such analysis.