• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.65-78
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• 1994

This study deals with the consciousness and visual preference and image about the fence that is an important factor and a vertical element in the streetscape. The analysis was performed by the data obtained from the questionnaires and the photos for the fence scene. 1. The answerers considering the fence had great influence on the beauty of a city were over 80%, also the fence influence good effect on a city was higher than 63%. 2. The answerers prefering the fence materials mixed with inanimate materials and plants was higher than 50%. Also the design offence was regarded to be the most important element when established. 3. While the satisfying factors for the visual preference were peculiarity, abundance and harmony, the dissatisfying factors were commonplaceness, disharmony and isolation(closing). Also the preference factors were the design and material in several elements of the fence. 4. At the part of function, the preferable places were estimated highly as boundary mark, eye interception but in the visual effect were so low. 5. Psychological factor, related to the satisfaction of the fence, had a grip of three factors, evaluation, formation, potentiality, and the presumption formula was: Satisfaction=1.61(Evaluation)+0.30(Formation)+0.55(Potentiality)+6.23(R2=0. 63)

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 2008

Recently, there has been growing interest in barrier-free design which makes safe and convenient space for every pedestrian, not only the non-disabled but also the disabled. The purpose of this study is to suggest the data on the pavement materials of barrier-free pedestrian environment in view of universal design. In order to this, the research is focused on evaluating the visual preference and preference factors for pavement scenery, which can be changed by pavement materials. And this research is also comparing the visual preference and preference factors of the disabled with that of the non-disabled. A multi-regression analysis method is adopted to analyse the correlation between the visual preference for pavement scenery and preference factors in this study. The result of this analysis is as follows. Firstly, there are some differences of visual preference for the pavement material between the disabled and the non-disabled. Secondly, independent variables influencing on preference are similar between two groups. Thirdly, there are some differences in the priority of preference between the disabled and the non-disabled. This study will contribute to the field of barrier-free design and sustainable development projects in order to maximize the human being's satisfaction.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.361-370
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• 2020

Automatic building material recognition has been a popular research interest over the past decade because it is useful for construction management and facility management. Currently, the extensively used methods for automatic material recognition are mainly based on 2D images. A terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) with a built-in camera can generate a set of coloured laser scan data that contains not only the visual features of building materials but also other attributes such as material reflectance and surface roughness. With more characteristics provided, laser scan data have the potential to improve the accuracy of building material recognition. Therefore, this research aims to develop a TLS-based building material recognition method by combining machine learning techniques. The developed method uses material reflectance, HSV colour values, and surface roughness as the features for material recognition. A database containing the laser scan data of common building materials was created and used for model training and validation with machine learning techniques. Different machine learning algorithms were compared, and the best algorithm showed an average recognition accuracy of 96.5%, which demonstrated the feasibility of the developed method.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.99-107
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the change of visual stimulus of users to the space through the experiment of EEG and the satisfaction of users depends on the lighting. To do that, the results measured with EEG experiment focusing on Beta ${\beta}$ were compared to each other to figure out difference in the changes of the activation of human brain on lighting's situation as the lighting off and on in the same space. The difference in the results was verified according to the characteristic of users which classified with 4 types of the spatial sensitivities. The results of this study are as following. Firstly, the spacial sensitivity of user is to communicate well with the different senses with stimulus through interaction among the elements. At this time, the brain plays a major role in build the spacial sensitivity of users as the place to make form. Secondly, there are the differences in the activation of brain depends on lighting situation even in the same space. The stimulus into the brain became generally stronger in images with lighting on than off. Especially, the response in the occipital lobe which connected with the visual center turn out strongly in the image of 'modern natural'. Because the visual stimulus interact well with the bright color, the reflectional texture and the rough texture painted the dark color. Thirdly, the satisfaction of users changed with lighting in the space. But we could know that the satisfaction of users isn't be related to the visual stimulus through the results of this study. Finally, there isn't the difference in the activation degree of brain according to the characteristic which are preference of users into 4 types of the spatial sensitivity through the results came from ANCOVA(analysis of covariance) with SPSS Program 22.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1996.06c
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• pp.334-343
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• 1996

Quality evaluation for food and agricultural products have always been one of the most elusive problems associated with the handling , processing and marketing in a food plant production. In order to detect physical foreign materials in food and agricultural products, non-destructive techniques have been developed for many years. Application of X-ray system to detect physical foreign materials in food and agricultural products could be considered to be a high potential method. Especially , it is impossible to detect internal physical foreign materials by visual inspections. In this study, it was tried to be applied for two different X-ray devices. Soft X-ray system with CdTe sensor and X-ray CT scanner were evaluated for advantage of the detection of non-meltallic foreign materials in food and agricultural products . Though the soft X-ray is not a high energy radiation, it is possible to detect small different density in a material. The CdTe sensor has a high resolution for t e soft X-ray energy region. The density characteristics of foods and foreign material were expressed region. The density characteristics of foods and foreign materials were expressed as a soft X-ray energy spectrum. The energy spectrum was analyzed by a personal computer with a multi-channel analyzer. X-ray CT scanner can provide visual image and analyze by three dimensional information inside food and agricultural products. The X-ray CT scanner using as a medical equipment was used to detect a foreign material. The density characteristics of food and foreign materials in food were tried to be detected by the threshold value on the basis of the CT numbers. The soft X-ray absorption characteristics for acrylin plates and distilled water were obtained and could be found the possibility of detecting a small physical foreign materials such as a plastic wrapping film , a stone and grasshopper in food and agricultural products.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1014-1020
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• 2012

This paper focuses on the development of a supporting S/W tool that can minimize designer's manual operations and errors in metal mold design based on a 3D solid model. The scope in this work includes the offset surface modeling, the computation of the padding force, the generation of material table, the decision of hole position, the estimation of the size of raw material, which are the essential parts of press die and mold design in automotive industry. The proposed system has been developed as a plug-in type using Pro/E API and Visual C++ in order to put the system into the menu functions of Pro/E which is one major 3D CAD systems in the manufacturing industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.246-252
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• 2004

Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) for quantitative evaluation of delaminations inside of a composite material plate is described. Delaminations caused by the impact on composite materials are difficult to detect visual inspection and ultrasonic testing due to non-homeogenous structure. This paper proposes the quantitative evaluation technique of the defects made in the composite plates by impact load. Artificial defects are introduced inside of the composite plate for the development of a reliable ESPI inspection technique. Real defects produced by impact tester are inspected and compared with the results of visual inspection which shows a good agreement within 5% error.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.33
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• pp.115-121
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• 2002

This study is based on the Virtual Reality Space what grow rapidly compared with other space type. We make a certain definite possibilities by the functional, material, scientific and conceptual space comparison approved with existing visual space about the function of sound and visual system & the application of the mechanical system. Symbol and Expression Media are showing characteristics more than a tool in Modern times being changed from materialistic world to immaterial one. Especially, Augmented Reality, which is the new technology showing human beings real world and virtual world simultaneously recently and being exceeded to existent many limits, is going ahead. Simulation space is the technology one which can be applied to various fields such as culture, industry and education etc., and it helps human beings to overcome their limitations. The gains from this study are the specified and detailed yardsticks and cases of Simulation(space) facilities classified as a specific space. Therefore, the space mainly consists of the parts on size, equipment, and material etc. judging from technical point of view. Architectural Space, especially, should be considered very importantly in the middle of the transition from image realization to experience. The comprehension on various contents together with mechanical facilities will be requested to the connection applied to physical space expression, and that is what we have to study continuously afterward.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.165-182
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• 2006

Demands for developing diverse teaching methods and materials which can lead to active participation of students in classes have been emerged for environmental education in secondary schools. In order for more effective environmental education, a variety of programs in the mass media including public broadcasting have been used. Advantages associated with the broadcasted TV programs include compensation of temporal and spatial limits embedded with the printing media, improvement of studying efficiency, and provision of diverse studying opportunities, leading to the promotion of the awareness of environmental issues. In this study, 256 environmental issues related TV programs being aired via major public broadcasting companies such as EBS, KBS, MBC and SBS between years of 2003 and 2004 were analyzed. During the present research, selection of the programs was made based on the weight of the environmental issues in independent programs being aired for at least 10 minutes. A survey as a primary means was carried out for the utilization of the audio-visual educational materials in order to provide a new method employing the TV programs which were related to the environmental issues during the instruction in secondary schools.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.686-699
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to estimate deterioration factors and weighting factors in pipe network which each local self-governments takes rehabilitation and replacement work present time. Deterioration factors in pipe network are able to effected of specific province or location related with water supply. Most of water supply pipes are laid under the ground, it is hard to quantify deterioration degree of water system. Moreover, the timing and economic limitation and insufficient information on the spot survey gives a difficulty to look over how old water supply system is. Accordingly, this study collects and analyses five data as the laying environment, visual analysis, analysis of soil contents, analysis of pipe material, and questionary survey data in water pipe of A city. The deterioration factor estimates 14 factors with excavation and experimental analysis and 9 factors without excavation and experimental analysis. Also, the weighting factors are estimated by using the multiple linear regressions and the linear programming. The estimated deterioration factor and weighting results are compared the analysis result of visual, pipe material, and soil contents with the Probabilistic Neural Network Model. Consequently, the model results of estimated 9 factors in this study and 14 factors show the 1-2% difference. The result show that the proposed model could be used to decide the deterioration condition of pipe line with real excavation and experimental analysis.