• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.494-501
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• 2003

Web casting has become an important opportunity to apply the user-centered concept to broadcasting because it provides real-time interactive service through time and space. It is also necessary to have a new understanding about user who is not a passive viewer any more but an active user. The amount and quality of contents are also important, but usability is a competitive factor as well as the fundamental customer services that have user best experience at the site. Nevertheless most of web casting sites show the low level of usability. In this study we had a comparative evaluation among these sites, MBC, KBS and SBS, which are the representative broadcasting systems. The tests were carried out as heuristic evaluation and usability testing. We analyzed causes and problems of web usability for customer satisfaction and reliability exaltation, and expected the basic knowledge of developing and improving sites.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.265-271
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• 2019

The number of galleries across the country is increasing as interest in cultural life increases due to the increase in national income. However, museum satisfaction is relatively low compared to other services. In this paper, we propose a service that provides preference information based on machine learning in embedded system environment in order to increase museum satisfaction. The proposed algorithm implements an embedded system using Raspberry Pi. Machine learning was used to find works similar to the viewer's favorite works, and several models were compared to select models applicable to embedded systems. By using the preference information, it is possible to effectively organize the gallery exhibition contents to increase the exhibition satisfaction and the re-visit rate of the museum.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.795-805
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated elementary students' perceptions of digital science textbooks after they used the digital science textbooks based on 2009 national science curriculum. For this study, 103 $3^{rd}$ and $4^{th}$ grade students were participated. They responded to the survey items about use comfortableness and satisfaction of the digital textbook. Descriptive survey and interviews were administered to understand their perceptions of advantages and disadvantages of the digital science textbooks. The analyses of the data show that students' perceptions of the digital science textbooks were positive in general and their satisfaction appeared to be quite high. They perceived the most advantage as having chances to use multimedia like video clips, pictures, and sound. They also mentioned other advantages like viewer functions such as highlights and notes, learning support functions such as supplementary materials and videos for science experiments, and smart pad functions to operate with hands. On the other hand, they pointed out disadvantages that there were many errors and lags in operation. We also discussed the educational implications about improving digital science textbook for effective science learning.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.237-244
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• 2018

This paper deals with the viewer's recognition of diversity on digital media services. For this reason, the researcher focused on the IPTV user, how the perception of the diversity of the digital media service affected the user's satisfaction. The results are as follows. First, digital media service user recognized that supply side diversity of media channel and VOD affect recognition of accessibility (easy of use) and perceived playfulness. Second user recognized that variety of performers and actors affect recognition of accessibility and perceived playfulness. Moreover, it was found that recognition of accessibility, actor's diversity, perceived playfulness affect use's recognition for media player's contribution of diversity, and media satisfaction. As in this paper, the researcher expects that this kind of methodology for confirming of user's recognition of diversity will contribute to preparing a future media policy.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1159-1181
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• 2016

This study introduces an image-based 2D-to-3D conversion system that provides significant stereoscopic visual effects for humans. The linear and atmospheric perspective cues that compensate each other are employed to estimate depth information. Rather than retrieving a precise depth value for pixels from the depth cues, a direction angle of the image is estimated and then the depth gradient, in accordance with the direction angle, is integrated with superpixels to obtain the depth map. However, stereoscopic effects of synthesized views obtained from this depth map are limited and dissatisfy viewers. To obtain impressive visual effects, the viewer's main focus is considered, and thus salient object detection is performed to explore the significance region for visual attention. Then, the depth map is refined by locally modifying the depth values within the significance region. The refinement process not only maintains global depth consistency by correcting non-uniform depth values but also enhances the visual stereoscopic effect. Experimental results show that in subjective evaluation, the subjectively evaluated degree of satisfaction with the proposed method is approximately 7% greater than both existing commercial conversion software and state-of-the-art approach.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.55-65
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• 2022

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship between cybersickness symptoms and visual function and to determine whether visual perception training is effective in reducing symptoms of cybersickness. The study subjects were healthy adult males who experienced the same virtual reality program for 15 minutes. Afterwards, the VR satisfaction score and cybersickness level were measured and classified into a comfortable virtual reality program viewer group (CVR group, 20 people) and an uncomfortable virtual reality program viewer group (UVR group, 20 people). Visual function test was performed on all subjects, and the vision therapy training program was applied to the UVR group once a week for 40 minutes 12 times, and then the visual function and SSQ questionnaire were re-evaluated. Subjects with diplopia were 55% in the UVR group and 5% in the CVR group, which was significantly higher in the UVR group, there were differences in stereopsis, exophoria, near point convergence(p<.01) and vergence function(p<.001) between the two groups. After vision therapy, changes in SSQ, stereopsis, near point convergence, and vergence function of UVR user group were positively changed(p<.01). Therefore, cybersickness symptoms are related to visual function, it seems that the vision therapy can be used as a way to alleviate the symptoms of cybersickness.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.212-229
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• 2020

'Live + Sale' is actively promoted in China and 'Wang-Hong', also known as Chinese internet celebrities are dominating this format of marketing strategy recently. They introduce products to consumers through live broadcasts, promote online shopping, and frequently evoke impulsive buying. Under this context, it is worth focusing on what factors influence impulse buying during Wang-Hong's live broadcast. This study investigated the impact of Wang-Hong characteristics on impulse buying behavior when watching live sales. Also, the mediating role of flow experience and viewing satisfaction was explored. Furthermore, we expected that the different live broadcast circumstances could have a different impact on flow experience, viewing satisfaction, and impulse purchase. A total of 242 Chinese women who have experience of viewing live sales were recruited through a Chinese research platform. The results revealed that Wang-Hong's trustworthiness and attractiveness positively affected the viewer's impulse buying directly, and indirectly through flow experience and viewing satisfaction, whereas expertise did not have any impact on impulse purchase. However, there were no significant differences between the two live broadcast circumstances. This research can enhance understanding of the impulse buying process during Wang-Hong's live sale and help brands come up with effective influencer marketing strategies using live sales.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.471-477
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• 2017

This paper deals with the viewing rate trends of digital media service special reference to terrestrial real time broadcasting of IPTV. In a few years, TV viewership of young people is decreasing, the audience viewing rate of the terrestrial broadcasting which is the representative of the media decreases, and the change of the broadcasting industry is progressing. Especially after the terrestrial broadcaster 's VOD holdback was extended, the viewer' s movement on the competitive channel & mobile media was rapidly progressing. Researcher assumed that the viewing rate of the terrestrial real-time broadcasting has influenced the comprehensive channel, CJ E&M subsidiary channels. As a result, researcher verified using statistical methodological time series analysis and regression analysis. Based on these results, researcher expects media players to prepare policies for viewers' satisfaction and symbiotic growth of markets.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.115-130
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• 2022

Barrage is an interactive method based on video, and the video itself is visualized from the viewer's point of view to play people's emotions, and it already has an advantage in communication by attracting people's attention using stories and plays. Advances in digital and mobile technology have enabled video viewing anytime, anywhere. Due to the nature of the barrage site that relies on the same video content or playback to participate in video sharing through computers or mobile clients, a barrage that can express users' feelings and thoughts will be added, breaking down the limit of content acceptance by a single user. Barrage satisfy users' entertainment needs, and their influence is growing. Gradually, they are heading to offline movie theaters and TV from barrage videos on the Internet. Attempts to function as offline ammunition facilitated technological innovation for media convergence by converging mobile media with PCs and screens. At the same time, the trend of media convergence shown by coal screens is also a trend of overall technological development. A barrage is an extension of human communication skills. The properties of the barrage fit well with the need for experiential marketing (via video). It can provide a visual experience and create an atmosphere of "surrounding and watching" and eliminate loneliness. Barrage itself provides a function to comment on videos, which is a trigger point for the reason, and donation adds to the amount of information in the video, adding to the fun of the video. Through the barrage, sarcastic, teasing, and expressing emotions can bring entertainment experiences, and users can produce and communicate their shooting text while consuming the satisfaction brought by the shooting. At the same time, Barrage attaches great importance to the needs of the masses, is more individual and diversified, and has commercial significance in line with the current development trend of the Internet. As a new interactive method, barrage contains huge potential value. However, the impact of the interactive way of barrage should also be viewed from a dialectical point of view, how to solve the difficulties in the development of barrage. The way to solve the difficulties in the development of barrage is worth studying. This research will analyze the reasons for the development of barrage and the analysis of Chinese barrage websites, the case analysis of barrage videos, the exploration of the characteristics and values of barrage, and the problems in the process of barrage communication. Provide reference for the development of industrial culture.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.99-130
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• 2011

In recent years, a new way of differentiating product design has emerged -better known as 'masterpiece marketing,' this is a strategy where famous art pieces are borrowed on to product designs. Because the recent trends of well-being and LOHAS have encouraged the consumers' desires to enjoy culture and live a more opulent lifestyle, famous and notable paintings have grown to be more of "approachable masterpieces" to the public. As a strategy intended to develop a new consumerism, while still prioritizing customers' values and their satisfaction, companies have been drawn to this new type of marketing. The current consumption society has converted renowned art pieces from simply works of 'high culture' to a further way of marketing, aimed to differentiate products and dominate the market. Though many products have had masterpieces applied to their designs and have been noticed for their marketability, there has been less systematic research done on the scientific background behind this marketing approach. This research focused on the art pieces' fundamental nature of inducing emotions in the viewer, and hypothesized about how the evaluation of a product may be influenced by the affect provoked by the art piece used. To be more specific, if art pieces with different levels of pleasure and arousal -the two axis of emotion suggested by existing research on emotion -were used on each product, the goal was to see how the different levels influenced the consumer's assessment of the products, focusing on product's type as well as the evaluation of their attributes. First, a pretest was done to verify the relationship between the emotion provoked by the art piece and the consumer's preference. There were two types of surveys, each with five drawings from the ten that were assumed to differ in levels of the two axis of emotion. The survey was composed of questions asking for positive emotion, negative emotion, level of arousal, and preference. The correlation between the measurements of positive and negative emotions was -0.792, so an integrated entry was used in the analysis by subtracting the measurement of negative emotions from that of positive emotions. The first hypothesis that paintings that provoke positive emotions will be more preferred than paintings that bring out negative emotions was supported; and through this research, paintings that were to be used for the products were selected. The second pretest was conducted to settle on an item that would be used in the research. Items meant to measure utilitarian and hedonic attributes of milk and chocolate, the two products to be used in the research, were extracted. Because milk is a utilitarian product with strong practical attributes while chocolate is a hedonic product with strong hedonic attributes, these two were selected to be used in this research. The first study was executed to see if there is a difference in attitude about products that have different painting on their designs, which either induces positive or negative emotions. It was also to verify whether this difference in attitude was mediated by the viewer's preference for the art piece. This study showed that when positive emotion inducing painting was used, the product was better evaluated compared to the product with a painting that provokes a negative emotion, thus supporting the second hypothesis. It was also supported that the effect of affect on product evaluation was mediated by preference for the art piece. The second study was done to see the influence of the level of arousal on the evaluation of the product's attributes. Art pieces that differ in the level of arousal were selected through the pretest, and later it verified the hypothesis that the level of arousal has an effect on the assessment of the attributes of the product. In the case of milk, a utilitarian product, the fourth hypothesis that a high-arousal painting will better evaluated for its hedonic attributes was supported, as well as the fifth, which hypothesized that a low-arousal painting will receive a higher assessment for its utilitarian attributes. However, for chocolate, a hedonic product, both fourth and fifth hypotheses were not supported. This study is significant for the following basis: first, it verified the importance of the emotion induced by the painting on the evaluation of the product's attributes, by applying a systematic and scientific method. Second, it expanded from the existing research on positive/negative emotions to confirm the additional influence of the state of arousal on product evaluation.