• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.63-76
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• 2004

There is a considerable gap in the level of the Internet access charges among countries because of the history of the Internet use, current status of the Internet infrastructure, the Internet penetration rate, and so on. Low Internet access charge increases the number of the Internet users and the Internet penetration rate, which boosts economic activities. This paper empirically explores the impacts of the internet access charges on economic activities using a cross-country analysis based on data from 76 countries for the year 1998-2001. To this end, several versions of the neoclassical growth models, explicitly including the internet access charges, are estimated with the GDP used for a proxy for economic activities and the level of Internet access charges considered as an input to production. Subject to the appropriate caveats, the results show that the level of the Internet access charges make a significantly negative effect on economic activities. In other words, it is concluded that low Internet access charges of a county increase economic activities and the increased economic activities in turn raise the real income of the county.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.137-156
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• 2014

This study focuses on the middle school textbook Technology Home Economics 2, revised in 2009, and aims to analyze the clothing-related contents within the Technology and Home Economics curriculum. All Korean elementary, middle and high school curricula have evolved through a number of changes and repeated revisions from their first versions, and reached their current seventh revised edition in 2009. Over this process, subjects connected to home economics have formed the following structure: Practical Courses in elementary school (5thand6thgrade)and Technology and Home Economics in middle and high school. The curriculum contents of the subjects Technology and Home Economics are divided into Development and Family, Clothing, Dietary Life, Habitation, Home Management and Consumption. Each curriculum teaches the students about its respective contents, e.g. Clothing brings the students in contact with clothing-related matters. Curricula and education methods help students find their own interests during middle and high school. Their school studies determine what majors they are seeking to choose in college and university. There are diverse university programs in Korea that are related to clothing. The above-mentioned textbook deals with clothing in the chapter Eco-friendly Clothing and Mending Habits. The results of this analysis shall help the development of the constantly changing textbook curricula, and furthermore become a reference to middle and high school students who aspire a practical and creative clothing education.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2019

Objectives: Eating self-efficacy is an important predictor of successful weight control behaviors during obesity treatment. The Weight Efficacy Life-Style Questionnaire (WEL) is an internationally used measure of eating self-efficacy. The objective of this study was to develop the Korean version of WEL (K-WEL) and verify face validity. Methods: According to previously published guidelines, the cross-cultural translation was conducted through organizing the expert committee, translation, back-translation, synthesis, grammar review, and final synthesis. Following the translation of the WEL into Korean, face validity was performed for 35 subjects. Results: After all the versions of the questionnaire were examined, the translated WEL questionnaires were finally synthesized and licensed by the developer in writing. Regarding the translated WEL questionnaires, seven out of 35 subjects (20%) offered ideas about ambiguous expressions in them. All four points indicated in the face validity verification were additionally modified for greater clarity and understanding. Conclusions: We developed the Korean version of WEL and completed face validity. In future research, it would be necessary to provide further study on the reliability and validity of the Korean version of WEL.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.226-236
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• 2000

The best-fit workflow management system architecture for the workflows in the internet is dependent on the workflow types that should be processed in the workflow system. Since a workflow management system should accommodate various kinds of workflows requiring different workflow system architectures respectively as their best-fit workflow system architectures, it is ideal that a workflow system covers various workflow system architectures and changes its architecture according to the input workflow types. In this paper we propose a workflow system architecture that covers various workflow architectures within a single workflow system. The system changes its architecture by creating an execution object for a task in the form of an object instance and placing the created object instance to anywhere the system wants to. Performance test has been performed on the early versions of the system changing its architectures, and the results are illustrated. The results show that the distributed multiple workflow servers in the internet can contribute to not only reliable control of the distributed tasks but also enhancing total throughput of a workflow system.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.59-73
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to understand which factors affect on the leisure constraint and leisure attitude of workers, to observe how the factors of leisure constraints affect on the leisure attitude. The subjects of this study were 267 urban workers who are older than 20 years old and resident in Seoul. The periods of this study was from November 15 to December 5. The modified versions of leisure constraint scale and leisure attitude scale were utilized for this study. The results of this study are as follows : First, as a result to compare the average of leisure constraint factors, intrapersonal constraint, which are individual mental status as interest, self-consciousness, uneasiness et at., was founded generally less than interpersonal constraints as personal relationship for leisure activity, or structural constraints as financial, time, information et at., Secondly, it was found that interpersonal constraint was statistically different in age, and that structural constraint was statistically different in sex, education, health status, marital status, income, and career. Thirdly, there were statistically different in cognitive leisure attitude, feeling leisure attitude, and behavioral leisure attitude according to the average monthly income and career. But, it was found that marital status and the five-day workweek system were not statistically different in 3 leisure attitude factors. Finally, 3 leisure constraint factors(intrapersonal, interpersonal, structural) had statistically significant effect on cognitive leisure attitude. Also, intrapersonal leisure constraint and interpersonal leisure constraint had statistically significant effect on feeling leisure attitude and behavioral leisure attitude

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2014

Purpose: The aims of this study were to make serial comparisons of the quality of life (QoL) between patients who underwent total gastrectomy and those who underwent distal subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer and to identify the affected scales with consistency. Materials and Methods: QoL data of 275 patients who were admitted for surgery between September 2008 and June 2011 and who underwent subtotal gastrectomy or total gastrectomy were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months. The Korean versions of the European Organization for Research and Treatment (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and the gastric cancer specific module, the EORTC QLQ-STO22, were used to assess QoL. Results: QoL, as assessed by the global health status/QoL and physical functioning, revealed a brief divergence with worse QoL in the total gastrectomy group 3 months postoperatively, followed by rapid convergence. QoL related to restrictive symptoms (nausea/vomiting, dysphagia, reflux, and eating restrictions) and dry mouth was consistently worse in the total gastrectomy group during the first 2 postoperative years. Conclusions: The general QoL of patients after gastrectomy is highly congruent with subjective physical functioning, and the differences between patients who undergo total gastrectomy and subtotal gastrectomy are no longer valid several months after surgery. In order to further reduce the differences in QoL between patients who underwent total gastrectomy and subtotal gastrectomy, definitive preoperative informing, followed by postoperative symptomatic management, of restrictive symptoms in total gastrectomy patients is the most rational approach.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.70-95
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• 1985

The purpose of the present study is to verify the two hypotheses: (1) Online services are fundamentally automated versions of the reference services. Accordingly there will be a major impact on reference services when Online service is introduced into the traditional library environment. The chief impact will be that the use of data bases retrieval service supplements and improves the traditional reference service when Online service is coordinated with the traditional reference service. and is fully incorporated into the existing user service areas. (2) The availability of data bases retrieval service will make it possible for the first time for the reference services to offer substantial search services of any kind resources limited to the printed sources. In light of such circumstances, libraries would provide better service to their users and greatly increase the productivity of reference librarians. There will be also the recognition that a result of an improved professional image for reference librarians and the library heightens user interest. This change may be translated into increased usage of library services generally. To achieve the purpose, 4 Research Libraries adopted Online retrieval from DIALOG's data bases-searching and reference services available in-house were chosen.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.176-185
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• 2018

With the recent development of manufacturing technology and the diversification of consumer needs, not only the process and quality control of production have become more complicated but also the kinds of information that manufacturing facilities provide the user about process have been diversified. Therefore the importance of big data analysis also has been raised. However, most small and medium enterprises (SMEs) lack the systematic infrastructure of big data management and analysis. In particular, due to the nature of domestic manufacturing companies that rely on foreign manufacturers for most of their manufacturing facilities, the need for their own data analysis and manufacturing support applications is increasing and research has been conducted in Korea. This study proposes integrated analysis platform for process and quality analysis, considering manufacturing big data database (DB) and data characteristics. The platform is implemented in two versions, Web and C/S, to enhance accessibility which perform template based quality analysis and real-time monitoring. The user can upload data from their local PC or DB and run analysis by combining single analysis module in template in a way they want since the platform is not optimized for a particular manufacturing process. Also Java and R are used as the development language for ease of system supplementation. It is expected that the platform will be available at a low price and evolve the ability of quality analysis in SMEs.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.451-458
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to examine website information as well as promotional texts comparing source texts of Korean with translated versions of English, and drew characteristics of tourism texts from a discourse and communicative perspective. This study shows that the website or promotional texts is the first source of information in tourism, which is most referred to by the in-bound tourists, and the information given by the official homepage is most trustful content of Korean tourism. With comparison of source text of Korean with the translated English version, this paper shows that Korean source texts have a tendency to prefer the longer explication and more detailed information on the scenic spots and attractions than the English translations. When it is translated into English, the translated version does not follow the literal way of translation, and is segmented for reader's understanding and adapted following the target language's communicative conventions and the target culture. Consequently, this study supports the adaption in tourism promotional English translation, and ensures that the communicative constraints of tourism, that is, politeness and Grician maxims are preserved even in the written form of communication, translation.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.247-256
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Easy access to intervention and support for certain behaviors is important for obesity prevention and management. The available technology such as smartphone applications can be used for intervention regarding healthy food choices for obesity prevention and management in elementary-school students. The transtheoretical model (TTM) is comprised of stages and processes of change and can be adopted to tailored education for behavioral change. This study aims to develop TTM-based nutrition contents for mobile applications intended to change eating behaviors related to weight gain in young children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A synthesized algorithm for tailored nutrition messages was developed according to the intake status of six food groups (vegetables, fruits, sugar-sweetened beverages, fast food and instant food, snacks, and late-night snacks), decision to make dietary behavioral changes, and self-confidence in dietary behavioral changes. The messages in this study were developed from December 2014 to April 2015. After the validity evaluation of the contents through expert consultation, tailored nutrition information messages and educational contents were developed based on the TTM. RESULTS: Based on the TTM, stages of subjects are determined by their current intake status, decision to make dietary behavioral changes, and self-confidence in dietary behavioral changes. Three versions of tailored nutrition messages at each TTM stage were developed so as to not send the same messages for three weeks at most, and visual materials such as figures and tables were developed to provide additional nutritional information. Finally, 3,276 tailored nutrition messages and 60 nutrition contents for applications were developed. CONCLUSIONS: Smartphone applications may be an innovative medium to deliver interventions for eating behavior changes directly to individuals with favorable cost-effectiveness. In addition, using the TTM for tailored nutrition education for healthy eating is an effective approach.