• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.83-89
• /
• 2012

Natural Vegetation cover, which is very important earth resource, has been significantly altered by humans in some manner. Since this has currently resulted in a significant effect on global climate, various studies on vegetation environment including forest have been performed and the results are utilized in policy decision making. Remotely sensed data can detect, identify and map vegetation cover change based on the analysis of spectral characteristics and thus are vigorously utilized for monitoring vegetation resources. Among various vegetation indices extracted from spectral reponses of remotely sensed data, NDVI is the most popular index which provides a measure of how much photosynthetically active vegetation is present in the scene. In this study, for change detection in vegetation cover, a Multi-layer Perceptron Network (MLPN) as a nonparametric approach has been designed and applied to MODIS/Aqua vegetation indices 16-day L3 global 250m SIN Grid(v005) (MYD13Q1) data. The feature vector for change detection is constructed with the direct NDVI diffenrence at a pixel as well as the differences in some subset of NDVI series data. The research covered 5 years (2006-20110) over Korean peninsular.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.540-561
• /
• 2011

We carried out a study for ecological management and ideal vegetation structure selection on the shrine forest of 'Miwhang-sa' considering the species diversity and the vegetation structure analysis associated with global warming. We carried out the analyses of phytosociological vegetation structure, correlation between vegetation units and environmental variables, life form, species diversity, and species evenness. This study identified the vegetation units as 3 communities. The identified vegetation units are as follows: Quercus acuta community(DQ), Quercus serrata-Quercus variabilis community(QQ) and Celtis sinensis community(CS). According to the basis on the environmental variables; Ca, Mg and P, Celtis sinensis community and other communities were classified. Quecus serrata-Quercus variabilis comm. and Quercus acuta comm. were classified, according to the basis on the environmental variables; organic matter(OM), Ni and Zn. Sasa borealis as life form R1-2, dominated the herb layer and will dominate the herb and shrub layers. Species simplification is formed on herb layer and will be formed on shrub layer. The species diversity of Quercus serrata-Quercus variabilis community is higher than the one of Quercus acuta community, and the species diversity of shrine forest around Miwhang-sa was higher than the shrine forest around Nameun-sa where evergreen broad-leaved forests dominate. It is essential that the long-term vegetation management considering the vegetation units by phytosociological analysis, the species simplification problem of low layers by S. borealis and the species diversity and evenness in the shrine forest, Miwhang-sa.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 2015

Leaf water content is one of important indicators that shows states of vegetation. It is important to monitor vegetation water content using remote sensing for forest management. In this study, we investigated the degree of water stress in Korean peninsula with Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) to study the water content of vegetation canopy. We calculated the NDWI using SPOT/VEGETATION S10 channel data over forest from 1999 to 2013. We calculated Simple Moving Average (SMA) to remove temporal noises of NDWI in time series, and used standardized anomaly to investigate temporal changes. We classified the NDWI anomalies into three scales (low, moderate, and high) in order to monitor intuitively. We also investigated suitability of the NDWI as an evaluation criterion about water stress of vegetation canopy by comparing and verifying forest fires damaged area over 150 ha. Consequently, huge forest fire occurred 24 times during the study period. Also, negative anomalies appeared in every forest fire location and their neighboring areas. In particular, we found huge forest fires where NDWI anomalies were in 'high' scale.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.321-328
• /
• 2002

In order to provide the basic information for restoration of vegetation, conservation of rare species and maintenance of biodiversity, changes of site factors and vegetation by human trampling disturbance were investigated at the subalpine zone near the peak of Mt. Sorak in Korea. The destructed vegetation was found mainly in the southern parts with gentle slope in this study area. Height and coverage of vegetation and the species diversity decreased, and the community structure depended on trampling strength. Soil moisture, organic matter contents and litter thickness in the site with destructed vegetation by human trampling showed lower values than in the undisturbed site. Soil depth decreased, and gravel exposure on the ground surface increased by soil erosion responded to trampling strength.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.347-356
• /
• 2007

The structure and dynamics of Korean red pine stands established in the riparian zone were studied in the Tsang stream in Mt. Seorak National Park, in east-central Korea. Pine stands were classified into four successional stages, the initial, establishing, competitive, and stabilizing stages, based on the age distribution of a dominant tree, Pinus densiflora, the vegetation stratification, and the microtopography of the riverine environment. The stages usually corresponded to disturbance frequencies, depending on the horizontal and vertical distances from the watercourse. Stands of the initial and establishing stages lacked tree or subtree layers, or both. As stands progressed through the developmental stages, soil particle size became finer and moisture retention capacity was improved. The stand ordination reflected the developmental stage, and the species ordination differentiated species specializing in relatively dry and wet habitats. The results of the analysis of vegetation dynamics provided ecological information which will be useful for understanding the developmental processes of vegetation established in riparian zones. Species diversity indices usually increased across developmental stages, following the typical pattern for successional processes. We discuss the importance and necessity of riparian vegetation in Korea, where most riparian forests have disappeared due to excessive human land use.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.153-167
• /
• 2009

Riparian vegetation gives basic habitats for animal and other biological organisms. It is one of essential landscapes in river ecosystem. This floral study was conducted to give basic information for management of the Geum river ecosystem. We discovered total 69 plant communities out of 40 sites studied and mean 8 plant communities were analysed per study site. Salix koreensis and Salix subfragilis community were dominant of all communities at tree layer and Salix gracilistyla and Rubus parvifolius were dominant communities at shrub layer. Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites japonica, Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Artemisia princeps var. orientalis appeared most as perennial grasses and Humulus japonicus, Persicaria thunbergii and Persicaria hydropiper appeared most as annual grasses. Robinia pseudoacacia, Amorpha fruticosa and Bidens frondosa were frequently present as exotic species. Grass communities were higher than tree communities because of human disturbance by artificial banks. The number of species was 182 appeared as 53 families 144 species, 34 varieties and 4 forma and mean species number was 25.5 per site. The most abundant site was Yanggang bridge site (14 vegetation association, 49 species) and the least abundant site was Namdaechon, Muju site (3 vegetation association, 12 species). We suggest that continuous riparian vegetation monitoring should be carried out to manage water environment ecologically.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2002

Wetland areas have characteristics of dynamic cycling of materials in relation to land and water. Although having great potential for providing unique natural environments, they are vulnurable to human land use activities and some places are in danger of being eliminated. This study had an objective of investigating vegetation changes in Ilwol reservoir to provide basic information for the preservation and ecological restoration of the wetland area. Wetland vegetation was investigated along with the site conditions which may affect the vegetation development. There were 10 vegetation types with various species composition. Humulus japonicus, Zizania latifolia, Phragmites japonica, Bidens frondosa, Typha orientalis, Scirpus tabernaemontari, Phragmites communis, Persicaria thunbergii were the major wetland plants found at the reservoir area. Precipitation and water level were the elements mostly affecting the distribution of the plants. Phragmites japonica was closest to the water front, followed by Zizania latifolia, Humulus japonicus and Bidens frondosa. Most plant zones were predominated by one or a few species.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
• /
• 2010.04a
• /
• pp.239-243
• /
• 2010

This paper shows how to establish vegetation index analysis for reducing soil erosion in mountain watershed. Soil erosion results from a combination of rainfall, soil, topography, and vegetation, so we need much time and costs when analyse it. We comparatively analysed the factors of topography, soil, and vegetation with variable resources, then established GIS DB. The possibility of practical use of this DB was also analysed. The soil and vegetation information of the sediment runoff section, and the NDVI vegetation index from KOMPSAT-2 imagery were referenced for this conducting research.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to find out the way to build a comprehensive wetland ecosystem database using the technique of remote sensing and geographic information system. A Landsat TM image taken in May 17, 1997 was used for the primary source for the image analysis. Field surveys were conducted March to September of 1998 to help image analysis and examine the results. An actual wetland vegetation map was created based on the field survey. A Landsat TM image was analyzed by unsupervised and supervised classification methods and finally categorized into such 5 classes as Phragmites australis community, mixed community, sand beach, Scirpus trigueter community and non-vegetation intertidal area. Wetland basemap was developed for the overall accuracy assesment in wetland mapping. Vegetation index map of wetland vegetation was developed using NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index). The map of wetland productivity was developed based on the productivity of Phragmites australis and the relationship to the proximity of adjacent water bodies. The map of potential vegetation succession map was also developed based on the experience and knowledge of the field biologists. Considering these results, it is possible to use the remote sensing and GIS techniques for producing wetland ecosystem database. This study indicated that these techniques are very effective for the development of the national wetland inventory in Korea.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.193-201
• /
• 2017

This study was carried out to obtain basic ecological information required for wetland restoration in Korea where wetland is very deficient. To arrive at the objective, we collected the basic ecological information for wetland restoration in four Doombeongs located on Goesan of Chungcheongbuk-do (province), central Korea where maintains relatively integrate feature of Doombeong. Synthesized horizontal distribution of vegetation based on vegetation established naturally except that established by artificial interference, Potamogeton distinctus community, Spirodela polyrhiza community, Sagittaria aginashi community, Trapa japonica community, Scirpus triangulatus community, and Sparganium japonicum community, Persicaria thunbergii community, Juncus effusus var. decipiens community, Ludwigia prostrata community, Humulus japonicus community, Persicaria nodosa community, Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Phragmites communis - P. japonica community, and Scirpus radicans community, S. gracilistyla community, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora community, and Rosa multiflora community, and Salix koreensis community and Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala community tended to be established in aquatic zone, herbaceous plant dominated vegetation zone, shrub dominated vegetation zone, and tree and sub-tree dominated vegetation zone, respectively. As the result of DCA ordination based on vegetation data collected from several Doombeongs and their surrounding areas, plant communities tended to be classified into aquatic, wetland, and riparian plant dominated stands. Spatial niche and species composition of major plant communities composing those stands were suggested as the reference information for creating ecological pond as a type of wetland. Further, the importance of wetland and the necessity of wetland restoration was discussed based on functions that the wetland displays.