• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.523-534
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• 1998

설악산국립공원 내설악지구의 6개 주요 등산로에 대해 이용강도에 따른 등산로 및 주변 환경훼손상태를 조사하였다. 총 29.2km, 132개 지점에서 등산로 상태를 조사한 바, 등산로폭, 나지노출폭, 등산로물매 등에서 이용강도에 따른 차이가 인정되었다. 훼손유형의 출현빈도는 암석노출, 뿌리노출, 종식, 분기 등의 순으로 이들 훼손지점의 등산로상태는 건전한 지점과 뚜렷한 차이를 보였으며, 또한 각 등산로에서의 건전지점들은 훼손지점들에 비해 대체로 표고가 낮은 곳에 나타났다. 전반적으로 등산로 훼손에 미치는 이용영향은 외설악 지구 등산로에 비해 훨씬 적었다. 주연부 상층식생의 우점종은 등산로별로 달랐으며 하층식생은 계곡부에서는 조록싸리, 생각나무, 사면부에서는 철쭉꽃이 우점종이었다. 종다양도 및 주연부 하층식생의 피도는 이용강도가 낮은 오세암등산로에서 가장 높았으며, 등산로간 하층식생의 종구성은 대체로 이질적이었다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2021

Rural and agricultural landscapes are important forms of land use in maintaining biodiversity. In addition humans are provided with various public functions from ecosystems and agricultural ecosystems. But the creation of a facility horticultural complex can be a space that can undermine the public interest function of the agricultural ecosystem. Therefore, this study aims to quantify the function of ecosystem services that land use changes affect biodiversity in Korea's rice paddy fields. The area subject to the study was selected as the largest agricultural complex in Korea due to rice paddy fields and land use changes, and field agriculture was also carried out simultaneously. The survey was conducted only in the fields of vegetation, insects, amphibians, and birds, four areas of biodiversity that are believed to have a high impact on changes in land use in agricultural landscapes. The valuation of ecosystem services in four areas of biodiversity derived from this study was evaluated as non-market value. As a result of quantitative evaluation, about 25 species of vegetation were reduced due to changes in land use. The diversity of about 40 species of aquatic insects that inhabit rice paddies among insects has disappeared due to the creation of a horticultural complex. Birds and amphibian reptiles were also found to have decreased diversity and populations. This research is expected to be used in various ways to develop policies to enhance ecosystem service functions.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.541-550
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• 2019

This study is to find out the proper planting and utilization plans for climbing plants in urban community gardens. As a result, a majority of respondents claimed that it is acceptable to plant climbing plants in their plots of the community garden. In particular, those who have experiences with gardening activities responded that climbing plants could be allowed in the community gardens. There was a high tendency to use climbing plants in community gardens for aesthetic or ornamental use and for creating fences. Many respondents also claimed that the climbing plants should be planted outside or on the edge of the garden and that the plants should not cross over to other plots. Those who responded that the climbing plants should be planted outside or on the edge of the community garden wanted to use the plants for aesthetic or ornamental use. Those who wanted to use the plants for creating shades responded that the plants should be planted outside or on the edge of the garden. For proper planting of climbing plants in the community garden, it is necessary to consider the height of the vertical plant support depending to the gap between the plots in the community gardens, the shape and color of flowers, leaves, and stems for aesthetic use, and mixing of plants for the duration of the shade period. Accordingly, introduction of climbing plants can be considered to increase the diversity of plants in urban community gardens.

• 에너지공학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2014

본 논문은 최근 대두되고 있는 에너지안보의 문제를 지수화 방식으로 한국사례를 분석하고 그 의미를 고찰한다. 에너지안보는 화석연료의 수요 급증, 중동정세 불안, 화석연료고갈 등 다양한 문제점 및 우려로 인해 국가적 주요 쟁점으로 자리 잡았다. 에너지안보는 유용성, 접근성, 환경용인성, 가격적 절성으로 구분 설명될 수 있다. 특히 접근성은 생산과 소비의 공간적 불균형에 관한 의미를 담고 있다. 본 논문에서, 연료의 다양성이 높아지면 일부 에너지원에 의한 취약성을 분산시켜 에너지안보의 안정성을 증대시킬 수 있다는 가설에 의거, 접근성 차원에서의 에너지안보를 연구대상으로 정했다. 연료 다양성 수준의 측정은 Shannon-Wiener식을 사용했다. 분석 결과 2012년 기준 한국의 다양성지수(H지수) 성장률은 18.38%로 주요 선진국들에 비해 높았다. 그러나 한국의 다양성 지수값 자체는 1.93으로 선진국 대비 낮은 수치를 나타냈다. 가장 큰 이유는 선진국 대비 전체 에너지에서 신재생에너지가 차지하는 비중이 상대적으로 낮았기 때문이다. 화석연료자원이 없는 한국이 에너지안보 수준을 높이기 위해서는 독일과 같은 강력한 신재생에너지 보급정책을 바탕으로 에너지믹스의 구성을 변화시키는 적극적인 다양성 제고 노력이 필요하다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2024

본 연구는 백두대간보호지역의 천왕봉에서 악휘봉 구간을 대상으로 조류의 다양성에 영향을 주는 서식지 요인을 구명하기 위해 2021년 4월부터 2022년 12월까지 수행되었다. 백두대간보호지역의 천왕봉에서 악휘봉 구간은 공간적 규모가 736.4km²로 광범위하고 다양한 서식 환경이 혼재하는 지역이다. 그에 따라 조사지역은 서식지 동질성 분석을 통해 3km×3km의 조사구를 선정하여 20개의 조사구를 대상으로 수행하였다. 조사지역의 서식지 환경과 조류의 다양성 사이의 관계를 분석한 결과 조류 군집의 다양성은 육상곤충의 다양성을 비롯하여 경사도, 서식지의 평균 면적, 임상과 해발고도, 농경지와의 거리와 직·간접적으로 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 서식지의 경사도를 비롯한 임상, 농경지로부터의 거리는 먹이원의 발생에 직·간접적으로 영향을 주며 서식지의 평균 면적과 임상은 서식지의 구조적 다양성과 밀접하게 관련된다. 따라서 조류 군집의 다양성은 서식지 내 먹이의 발생량과 서식지의 다양성에 영향을 받는 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구의 조류 군집과 서식지 환경의 관계는 조류 군집의 다양성 증진을 위한 산림의 관리방안을 수립하는데 기초 생태 자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Fisheries' biological resources were considered public resources before the 1990s. Every country could access and use these resources without regulation. However, the United Nations adopted the Convention on Biological Diversity and the privileges and rights to these resources were attributed to countries. This research starts with the research background and social and academic value of "The Jasan Eobo (or Report on Marine Organisms in the Coastal Waters near Heuksan Island)" by Jeong Yak-Jeon, who pioneered the new field of Fisheries Science and Marine Biology in Korea in the early 1800s. We also searched for recent results from the Marine Bio-Diversity Research Activities of the Korean National Council for Conservation of Nature (KNCCN) and the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MOMAF). KNCCN reported that marine bio-diversity comprised approximately 6,500 species in 1996, and the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries reported there were about 10,000 species in 2007. Among these marine species, plankton account for about 25%, seaweeds 11%, invertebrates 52%, and vertebrates 12% in Korean Coastal Areas. The Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MIFAFF) enacted a law for Agriculture and Fisheries Resources Management in 2012; this law includes the preservation of marine ecosystems, the conservation of wetlands and the preservation of fisheries resources, and describes the boundary of taxonomy for new species and unknown species that could be identified in the near future. To follow the new regulation for Access to General Resources and Benefit-Sharing, this research suggests (1) the importance of taxonomy for new species and unknown species as a goal of "No Name = No Information", (2) integrated research on bio-diversity, species distributions and the abundance of fisheries resources, both in local areas and in Korean Coastal Areas, and (3) the observance of international regulations or agreements for benefit-sharing without additional damage in the future.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2005

Molecular-based genetic diversity for a set of 141 accessions of Korean barley cultivars and 24 accessions of foreign exotic cultivars were analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). Different level of genetic variability was observed with 30 random decamer primers in the Korean barley varieties and breeding lines which were preliminarily classified by morphological (hulled & hulless barley) and end-use (malting barley) and/or by the released periods. A total of 74 RAPD bands were scored, and the number of bands per primer varied from 1 to 7 with an average of 2.74. The hulled barley pool had one more marker genotype per primer than the hulless barley pool. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values based on the band pattern frequencies among genotypes varied depending on genetic pools where mean PICs of hulled, hulless and malting barleys were 0.62, 0.57, and 0.43, respectively. Certain genomic loci amplified by opR04, opF01, opB05, and opC13 were highly polymorphic with PIC>0.8. Patterns and temporal trends of genetic diversity assessed over the period from 1970s to 1990s had a tendency to increase, and in particular, this upward slant was quite clear and significant for the hulless barley pool. In the cluster analysis using genetic similarity matrix calculated from RAPD profiles, two major groups and several small subgroups were classified. Major grouping of materials was not affected by the presence of the husk but by their genetic background and the spike-row type. The validity of information on the genetic diversity and relationships between genotypes will have been reviewed to predict their yield potential.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.505-513
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 편파 다이버서티(j:X)larization diversity)용 광대역 안테나에 대한 성능을 개선하기 위한 새로운 구조를 제안하였다. 이중 편파 마이크로스트립 안테나를 구현하기 위하여 십자형 개구변을 두었고, 개구면 위와 아래에 두 j:X)rt가 서로 수직이 되도록 급전부를 셜계하였다. 그리고 방사소자와 급전부에 air gap을 주었으며 후 방 방사를 줄이기 위해 아래 급전부로부터 $\lambda$/4 떨어뜨려서 반사판을 두었다. 더욱 넓은 대역폭을 가지도록 방 사 패치에 톱니 모양의 perturbation을 주었으며, 패치의 perturbation 효과에 의해 안테나 크기가 줄어들게 됨으 로써 배열 안테나의 크기도 상당히 줄어들었다. 제안된 단일 소자 안테나를 이용하여 $1\times4$ 배열 안테나 구조를 가진 PCS 기지국용 편파 다이버시티 안테나 를 제작하였다. 단일 소자 안테나는 각각 port 당 10.3 %, 11.3 %(VSWR<1.3)의 대역폭을 가지고 두 port간의 분리도가 -40 dB 이상이다. 또한 배열 안테나의 대역폭은 각각 13.2 %, 12.7 %(VSWR <1.3)이고 -36 dB의 분 리도와 10 dB의 XPD를 가진다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2017

Productivity improvement is one of the important goals which firms' technology developments aim at. Firms' improved productivity from technology development means that their inputs can produce more outputs through technology development, which makes firms' productivity improvement from technology development more and more important in the age of technology advance and convergence like today. This research empirically analyzes the influence of the external technology collaboration network diversity on the productivity improvement of the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from technology development and the moderating effect of the chief technology officer (CTO)-driven technology development on this influence. This study constructs the research model reflecting the moderating impact of the CTO-driven technology development and tests it with the ordinary least squares regression through the IBM SPSS version 23 by using the 2,000 data about South Korean SMEs. This research empirically reveals two points. One is that SMEs' external technology collaboration network diversity has a positive influence on their productivity improvement from technology development. The other is that the positive effect of SMEs' external technology collaboration network diversity on their productivity improvement from technology development is moderated by the CTO-driven technology development. The two points revealed in this study present two meaningful implications in not only the practical but also academic point of view. The practical implication is that it is effective for SMEs to use CTOs in increasing their productivity improvement from technology development. The academic implication is that making technology collaboration with more diverse external partners can increase SMEs' productivity improvement from technology development.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2019

Objective: The first stage in both breeding and programs for the conservation of genetic resources are the identification of genetic diversity in the relevant population. The aim of the present study is to identify genetic diversity of six brown layer pure chicken lines (Rhode Island Red [RIRI, RIRII], Barred Rock [BARI, BARII], Columbian Rock [COL], and line 54 [L-54]) with microsatellite markers. Furthermore, the study aims to employ its findings to discuss the possibilities for the conservation and sustainable use of these lines that have been bred as closed populations for a long time. Methods: In the present study, a total number of 180 samples belonging to RIRI (n = 30), RIRII (n = 30), BARI (n = 30), BARII (n = 30), L-54 (n = 30), and COL (n = 30) lines were genotyped using 22 microsatellite loci. Microsatellite markers are extremely useful tools in the identification of genetic diversity since they are distributed throughout the eukaryotic genome in multitudes, demonstrate co-dominant inheritance and they feature a high rate of polymorphism and repeatability. Results: In this study, we found all loci to be polymorphic and identified the average number of alleles per locus to be in the range between 4.41 (BARI) and 5.45 (RIRI); the observed heterozygosity to be in the range between 0.31 (RIRII) and 0.50 (BARII); and $F_{IS}$ (inbreeding coefficient) values in the range between 0.16 (L-54) and 0.46 (RIRII). The $F_{IS}$ values obtained in this context points out to a deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to heterozygote deficiency in six different populations. The Neighbour-Joining tree, Factorial Correspondence Analysis and STRUCTURE clustering analyzes showed that six brown layer lines were separated according to their genetic origins. Conclusion: The results obtained from the study indicate a medium level of genetic diversity, high level inbreeding in chicken lines and high level genetic differentiation between chicken lines.