• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.9-20
• /
• 2008

The government is planning to link a small park with the soon to be ready subway line 9 as a part of Seoul's policy, "The standard or plan for making a water-friendly space by water use" (2007). However, the specified concepts and instructions of the small parks need further work. Therefore, the policy is expected to expand to neighboring small parks near the subway station, but these are not supported by research or data which suggests the needs or actual user behavior and utilization of small parks. our country added the specified concept of small parks and theme parks to the classification of urban parks in the Urban Park Act Revision (2005.3.31), but the concept of small parks is not clearly settled in the law in the scopes of its function, scale, promotion nor particularly defined plans for small park projects. This study examines as small park near a subway station. The characteristics of there region and users vary from the characteristics of the station and region. In the "directions for concrete standards under the types of urban parks and green zones" (2007.2) the types of small parks are classified by "regional characteristics" and "user characteristics". Therefore, this study classifies the subject of neighboring small parks near subway stations as the neighborhood and small urban parks according to the Urban Park Act. The study was paralleled with observation and questionnaires on the analysis of the neighborhood and small urban parks. The actual conditions of park utilization and user behavioral characteristics were deducted by observation, while the questionnaire determined actual user utilization, importance and satisfaction level as well as the small park environment. This study largely focused on three aspects: park facility, design of this sentence isn't even complete. The second aspect isn't finished and the third isn't here.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.103-117
• /
• 2013

This research analyzed the spatial components and establishment of the Tap-gol Park according to the plans between 1897 to 1916 when the discussions on the construction of the park began and it was accomplished as an urban park. The results are as follows. The establishment of Tap-gol Park can be divided by three period. Firstly, Tap-gol Park was owned by the royal family from 1987 to 1904. The discussions on construction of Tap-gol Park as a first urban park of Gyeongseong(京城) in 1897, and the private houses were tear down in order to secure land for the park in 1899. Gates and fences surrounding of Tap-gol Park were organized and it was opened in 1902 based on park plane of turtle - shaped. The octagonal pavilion for 'Lee-Wang-Jik musical band(李王職音樂隊)' was relocated in the southwestern part of the park in 1903. Secondly, Tap-gol Park was used actively by the public between 1910 to 1913, because it was opened for individuals. Also The boundary of Park were changed by surrounding facilities and recreational facilities and benefits was complemented for users. Tap-gol park was opened at nighttime in August 1913. Tap-gol Park was used as a place of amusement park. Thirdly, commercial facilities were made as the park facility between 1914 to 1916. The purpose of 'Kkikdajeom(喫茶店)' was similar to the one of modern cafes. It was built as a typical Japanese tea-house with a small pond having an island and a bridge constructed inside. With the increase of usage of Tap-gol Park as a recreational area by the citizens in 1916, the pavilion as a rest area and toilet as amenities were supplemented. Superintendent's office was equipped too. Simple chairs made from the wooden logs were installed around greenhouse, concert hall, the Wongaksa Buddhist temple(圓覺寺址十層石塔), and the flower garden was fenced round. After the relocation of Yongsan music band to Tap-gol Park, the existing concert hall was demolished. The shape of the park which was seen from the pictures of the magazines of 1920s were achieved as early as 1916. The importance of this research includes the basis to revise the errors of the preexistence researches and value of historical material of the design plan reference of the park which was accomplished during the Japanese colonial era. Also this research is to study on the spatial components of the modern landscape architecture and parks.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.52 no.2
• /
• pp.110-126
• /
• 2024

This study conducted a classification of small-scale biological habitats created in Seoul to analyze and synthesize location characteristics, habitat structure, biological habitat functions, and threat factors of representative sites, as well as derive creation and management problems according to the ecological characteristics. The aim was to suggest improvement measures and management items. Data collected through a field survey was used to categorize 39 locations, and 8 representative sites were selected by dividing them into location, water system, and size as classification criteria for typification. Due to the characteristics of each type, the site was created in an area where amphibian movement was disadvantageous due to low or disconnected connectivity with the hinterland forest, and the water supply was unstable in securing a constant flow and maintaining a constant water depth. The habitat structure has a small area, an artificial habitat structure that is unfavorable for amphibians, having the possibility of sediment inflow, and damage to the revetment area. The biological habitat function is a lack of wetland plants and the distribution of naturalized grasses, and threats include the establishment of hiking trails and decks in the surrounding area. Artificial disturbances occur adjacent to facilities. When creating habitats according to the characteristics of each type, it was necessary to review the possibility of an artificial water supply and introduce a water system with a continuous flow in order to connect the hinterland forest for amphibian movement and locate it in a place where water supply is possible. The habitat structure should be as large as possible, or several small-scale habitats should be connected to create a natural waterfront structure. In addition, additional wetland plants should be introduced to provide shelter for amphibians, and facilities such as walking paths should be installed in areas other than migration routes to prevent artificial disturbances. After construction, the management plan is to maintain various water depths for amphibians to inhabit and spawn, stabilize slopes due to sediment inflow, repair damage to revetments, and remove organic matter deposits to secure natural grasses and open water. Artificial management should be minimized. This study proposed improvement measures to improve the function of biological habitats through the analysis of problems with previously applied techniques, and based on this, in the future, small-scale biological habitat spaces suitable for the urban environment can be created for local governments that want to create small-scale biological habitat spaces, including Seoul City. It is significant in that it can provide management plans.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.147-157
• /
• 2012

The construction of government-sponsored housing in Korea began in the early 1950s. Beyond fulfilling the housing shortage after the Korean War, it also impacted the development of housing in Korea. The aim of this study is to explore the construction and supply of government-sponsored housing and to discuss the positive and negative influences on the modern housing in Korea. In order to achieve the objectives, the pictures and floor plans, newspaper articles and the KNHC publications, which led the public housing supply from 1950 to 1960, were examined. Results indicate as follows: First, government-sponsored housing industrialized the housing production, which satisfied the volume need. The simplified floor plan and exterior, along with the western characteristics, created a new urban landscape. Second, the distinct characteristics of Korean housing were established. By emphasizing development and financial practicality, large scale housing complexes were built with simplified, characterless, and mechanical exteriors in a disconnected territory with neighbor district. Third, government-sponsored housing became the major accelerator to westernize the Korean housing culture. In conclusion, the principles of functionalism of government-sponsored housing have become the fundamental root of Korean housing since the war.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.17-28
• /
• 2012

Functional mismatch and thought and plan-less material use of recently built boundary barriers in rural areas should greatly degrade their amenity value as one of linear villagescapes, but, their present state-of-art basically necessary for problem-solving had never surveyed up to now. From this point of view, this study tried to investigate present stock quantities and qualities of boundary barriers in rural areas by sample studies on 21 case villages(7 types ${\times}$ 3 cases) and comparative analysis between the planned or improved and nots. Wall type was absolutely dominated in the structural terms, of which more than half was used cement block as building material and, therefore, grey-colored. More than half of total barrier length were fully shielded, while relatively partially shielded in the mountainous villages in open space and 'Cultural villages' with closed housing structures. Free standing style of barriers was shown along over two thirds of their total length, although not more than half in planned reclaimed villages. Especially, because of one-sided wall type structure, mismatched over-shieldness and poorer maintenance condition of the boundary barriers in peri-urban villages, there should be provided with very intensive improvement efforts for amenity barriers.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.11-23
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to establish the determinants of satisfaction with the results of housing regeneration projects among their elderly residents, and to suggest the political implications. The survey included questionnaires about satisfaction levels with the projects' physical and non-physical maintenance factors. The results were statistically analyzed by correlation analysis and PLS regression analysis. As a result of the study, firstly, the physical factors rather than non-physical factors (such as home improvement and management support, community support, the economic foundations and professional support) were found to have a large effect on elderly residents' satisfaction. Secondly, the non-physical factors, such as economic factors were analyzed among senior job offers that are both highly influential in the two regions Yonnam-dong and Bukgajwa-dong. Finally, electrical maintenance work, tree planting, a "Green" parking plan, or refuse the effect of visually larger landscape improvement, such as bins installed, maintenance of local factors that contribute to the greenery of the area were judged to be important.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 2018

With the increase of the number of riverfront development projects an objective and systematized survey and assessment tool is required to understand and identify the characteristics and potentials of river environment for human uses. The purpose of this study was to develop an assessment system for the investigation and evaluation of the water-friendly environment and to examine its effectiveness by applying the system to the selected study sites. Literature reviews, expert consultation, and preliminary survey were conducted to select highly relevant indexes to evaluate water-friendliness in rivers and, as a result, an assessment system of ten items in four areas was established. The assessment system were applied to 139 reaches of six rivers including Bykgye Cheon, Seom River, Gap Cheon, Yudeng Cheon, Naesung Cheon, and Kumho River. The scores and grade of water-friendliness were calculated per rivers and reaches, and their differences were prominent according to urban river, rural river, mountainous area and city area. Bykgye Cheon and Naesung Cheon got high scores in visual quality and Kumho River and Gap Cheon in community needs and potential uses. The scores of each section in the same river can be used as a basic data for the selection of appropriate sites for the development of hydrophilic space. In addition, it is expected that identifying the characteristics of each river help establish an appropriate management plan for the river.

• SUVANNABHUMI
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.167-186
• /
• 2021

The Grand Stupa is mentioned in historical text as 'Rajakudakan', which means a royal building with a multitiered superstructure. This Grand Stupa is the principal construction of Wat Chedi Luang, and marks the center of the Chiang Mai City Plan. This study argues that the Grand Stupa was built in 1391 during Phaya Saen Mueang Ma's reign, possibly inspired by the construction of Ku Phaya in Bagan. Thereafter, in 1545, the Grand Stupa's superstructure collapsed after the great earthquake, resulted in the irreparable damage since then. Therefore, a survey using a 3D laser scanner is conducted to collect the most precise data on the current condition of the Grand Stupa, yielding an assumption of its reconstruction. Other simultaneous stupas or those that show a close architectural relationship (e.g. stupas in Wat Chiang Man and Wat Lok Moli and the stupa of King Tilokaraj in Wat Chet Yot in Chiang Mai) are also employed as research frameworks for the reconstruction. As a result, the architectural research on the Grands Stupa, compared with simultaneous stupas, yields a fruitful argument that the pre-collapse superstructure form of the Grand Stupa marks the most architectural similarity to the stupa of Wat Chiang Man.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.12
• /
• pp.1111-1122
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this research aims to develop the creative economy sector of rural communities in Trenggalek Regency, East Java, Indonesia by mapping the creative economy sub-sectors in Trenggalek Regency. The creative economy industry has been shown to have a positive effect on GDP in many developing countries and developed countries. In urban areas, the creative economy is often associated with the development of advanced technology, such that it is unlikely to evolve in rural communities. However, the rural environmental landscape, which not only has a wealth of creative human capital but also a cultural heritage, also encourages the growth of the creative economy sector in rural areas. This qualitative research was conducted for 60 working days through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observation and literature review. More precisely, first, it identified the potential of the creative economy both sectorally and regionally. Second, it identified the leading creative economy subsectors and compiled a creative economic development road map. After defining and mapping the potential of the creative economy, four of the sixteen sub-sectors of the creative economy were identified to be developed through a strategic plan for the growth of the creative economy using urban branding, innovative industrial centers and renewable resources.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.16-27
• /
• 2010

A street, as a linear factor constituting the city, is an axis of urban development. The substantial function of the street is the traffic space for the passage but now it plays the important role of the place of community where contains various activities such as meeting between people and people, rest, entertainment etc. A street is basically the 3 dimensional space consisted of the sidewalk, roadway and the roadside structures surrounding the street. In this case, the roadside structures are the physical composition factors for the street space and the facade of the roadside structures acts as important variables to form the image of street space. Thus, this study is to provide the basic data to be applied in the future urban street landscape plan by extracting the superior factors in visual and perceptional aspects which affect the image of street view from the shape composition factors which constitute the facade of the roadside structures, and by searching and analyzing the satisfaction degree and preference of each factors.