• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.73-76
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• 2004

The rate of oxygen consumption of the silkworm eggs was measured to set up the barometer for measuring the effect of egg chilling on diapause termination. In diapause eggs, $O_2$ uptake showed a maximum of 79.2 ${mu}ell$/mg eggs/hr, at one day after oviposition and then gradually decreased to 2.2${mu}ell$/mg eggs/hr at 9days. The rates of oxygen uptake of eggs raised immediately after HCl-treatment and reached to a maximal level of 484.5 ${mu}ell$/mg eggs/hr in 9-day-old eggs, which corresponds to 220 fold that of diapause eggs, and the hatching ability was also over 50％. In order to break diapause, eggs incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 30 days after oviposition had to be kept at least for 45 days at 5$^{\circ}C$, but chilled eggs for 90 days or longer hatched at 10 days as normal hatching periods. We also investigate periods which the value of $O_2$ uptake of eggs chilled during 15 to 120 days at 5$^{\circ}C$ reached at 200 ${mu}ell$/mg eggs/hr. As a result of that, $O_2$ uptake of eggs chilled during 15 to 45days were not reached at 200 ${mu}ell$/mg eggs/hr and longer the chilling durations are, the higher the rate of $O_2$ uptake is and the longer the chilling durations are, the shorter the periods up to hatching is. And also, hatch-ability increased rapidly as $O_2$ uptake reaches over 20/eggs/hr.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.630-635
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• 2011

본 연구는 급속 OUR (Oxygen Uptake Rate)방법의 영향인자 평가로서 최적의 미생물 활성도에 미치는 영향인자를 평가하는 실험을 진행하였으며, 실폐수를 이용하여 OUR변화에 따른 SCOD의 변화를 비교 평가하였다. 그 결과 최적의 F/M비는 0.03~0.05이었고, pH는 6.0~8.5, 온도는 $20{\sim}30^{\circ}C$에서 OUR 값이 가장 높았으며, 질산화에 대한 산소소모는 미비했다. OUR 변화에 따른 SCOD (Soluble COD)의 변화는 OUR 변곡점 시간 전후로 SCOD의 분해속도에 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 실험방법을 이용하여 하수처리장의 유입수 실시간 예측을 통해 최적의 운영을 할 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2003

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the bidirectional transport of 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) using isolated rat hepatocytes. The initial uptake rate of ANS by isolated hepatocytes was determined. The uptake process of ANS was saturable, with a $K_m of 29.1\pm3.2 \mu M and V_{max} of 2.9\pm0.1$ mmol/min/mg protein. Subsequently, the initial efflux rate of ANS from isolated hepatocytes was determined by resuspending preloaded cells to 3.0% (w/v) BSA buffer. The efflux process for total ANS revealed a little saturability. The mean value of the efflux clearance was $2.2\pm0.1 \mu$ L/min/mg protein. The efflux rate of ANS from hepatocytes was markedly decreased at $4^{\circ}C$, indicating that the apparent efflux of ANS might not be attributed to the release of ANS bound to the cell surface, but to the efflux of ANS from intracellular space. The efflux clearance was furthermore corrected for the unbound intracellular ANS concentration on the basis of its binding parameters to cytosol. The relation between efflux rate and unbound ANS concentration was fitted well to the Michaelis-Menten equation with a saturable and a nonsaturable components. The $V_{max} and K_m$ values were 0.54 mmol/min/mg protein, and 10.0 $\mu$ M, respectively. Based on the comparison of the ratios of $V_{max} to K_m (V_{max}/K_m)$ corresponding to the transport clearance, the influx clearance was two times higher than the efflux clearance. Together with our preliminary studies that ATP suppression in hepatocytes substantially inhibited ANS influx rate, we concluded that the hepatic uptake of ANS is actively taken up into hepatocytes via the carrier mediated transport system.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.480-486
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• 2006

B시 S하수처리장에서 화학침전 공정에서 MLE 공정으로 공법을 변경하였으며, 생물학적으로 탈질시 부족한 탄소원을 보충하기 위해 외부탄소원이 요구되었다. 본 연구에서는 약 4.7%의 아세트산을 포함하는 TPA(Terephthalic Acid) 생산부산물의 대체탄소원으로 적용 가능성을 평가하기 위해 NUR(Nitrate Uptake Rate) 및 OUR(Oxygen Uptake Rate) 실험과 현장 적용실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과 TPA 생산 부산물은 일반 상용 외부탄소원으로 널리 쓰이는 메탄올보다 빠른 순응특성을 나타내었고 비탈질율이 $8.24mg{NO_3}^--N/gVSS/hr$, 단위 질산성 질소 제거당 COD 소모비는 $3.70COD_{Cr}/g\;NO_3$, RBDCOD 함량 99.4%로 나타났다. S하수처리장에 대한 TPA 생산부산물 현장 적용 실험을 통해 안정적인 영양염류 제거효율을 나타내었으며 방류수 T-N 농도가 8.2 mg/L로 생물학적 탈질에 요구되는 탄소원을 보충할 수 있는 대체탄소원으로 적합하다고 판단되었다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1991

The hepatic uptake of an anionic fluorescence probe, l-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) was characterized using isolated rat hepatocytes. The initial uptake rate of ANS by isolated hepatocytes was determined. The uptake process of ANS was fitted well to the Michaelis-Menten equation with a saturable component. The $V_{max}$ and $K_m$ values were $2.9{\pm}0.1\;nmol/min/mg$ protein and $29.1{\pm}3.2\;{\mu}M$, respectively. The uptake clearance $(CL_{up})$ based on the ratio of $V_{max}$ to $K_m$ was 11.7 ml/min/g liver, revealing the good coincidence with that assessed from the analysis of the plasma disappearance curve in previous report. Furthermore, the effect of serum protein on the hepatic uptake of ANS into isolated hepatocytes was investigated. The permeability clearances $(PS_{inf})$ of ANS uptake were much higher than those predicted based on the unbound fractions in the presence of serum. These suggested that the hepatic uptake of extensively serum protein-bound ANS is mediated not only by the unbound form of ligand but also by the serum protein-mediated uptake mechanism.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1999

To investigate the effect of dyeing conditions, such as pick-up rate, dye concentration, time and temperature in thermosol dyeing on the dyeability of industrial polyester belt, dye uptake and rubbing fastness were measured. The dye uptake was increased with the increase of pick-up rate, dye concentration, dyeing time and temperature. The high rubbing fastness(class 5) for polyester belt dyed with Cibacet Blue F3R at the various conditions was obtained.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2002

자작나무류 4개 수종의 오존에 대한 생리 생화학적인 반응 특성을 비교하고, 수종별 오존 홉입량과 광합성 능력 및 항산화효소 활성간의 연관성을 찾기 위하여 거제수나무, 물박달나무, 자작나무, 사스래나무 묘목에 5주 동안 100 ppb 오존을 노출시킨 후 오존 흡입량, 광합성, SOD, GR 활성을 측정하였다. 5주 동안의 누적 오존 흡입량은 거제수나무가 53.8 mmol m$^{-2}$ 로 가장 많았으며, 물박달나무가 35.5 mmol m$^{-2}$ 로 가장 적었다. 오존에 노출된 4개 수종의 광합성 능력은 감소하였으나 기공전도도에 따른 광합성 반응은 수종간 달랐다. 4개 수종의 SOD 활성은 누적 오존 홉입량이 증가함에 따라 증가하다가 감소하였다. GR 활성은 거제수나무의 경우 SOD 활성과 마찬가지로 점차 증가하다가 감소하였으나, 다른 세 수종은 누적 오존 흡입량이 증가하면서 지속적으로 증가하였다. 결론적으로 거제수나무는 누적 오존 흡입량의 증가로 SOD와 GR 활성을 잃어버리는 민감성 수종으로 나타났으나, 다른 세 수종은 GR 활성을 지속적으로 증가시키는 저항성을 보였다. 또한 오존 흡입량에 따른 SOD와 GR 활성 반응은 반드시 일치하지 않으며, 수종별 반응 차이는 오존 흡입량에 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 판단되었다.

• ALGAE
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.351-362
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• 2016

We investigated a possible reduction in $CO_2$ uptake rate by phototrophic red tide dinoflagellates arising from mixotrophy. We measured the daily ingestion rates of Prorocentrum minimum by Prorocentrum micans over 5 days in 10 L experimental bottles, and the uptake rates of total dissolved inorganic carbon ($C_T$) by a mixture of P. micans and P. minimum(mixotrophic growth), and for the predator P. micans (phototrophic growth; control) and prey P. minimum (phototrophic growth; control) alone. To account for the effect of pH on the phototrophic growth rates of P. micans and P. minimum, measurements of $C_T$ and pH in the predator and prey control bottles were continued until the pH reached the same level (pH 9.5) as that in the experimental bottles on the final day of incubation. The measured total $C_T$ uptake rate by the mixture of P. micans and P. minimum changed from 123 to $161{\mu}mol\;C_T\;kg^{-1}\;d^{-1}$ over the course of the experiment, and was lower than the $C_T$ uptake rates shown by P. micans and P. minimum in the predator and prey control bottles, respectively, which changed from 132 to $17{\mu}mol\;C_T\;kg^{-1}\;d^{-1}$ over the course of the experiment. The reduction in total $C_T$ uptake rate arising from the mixotrophy of P. micans was 7-31% of the daily $C_T$ uptake rate seen during photosynthesis. The results suggest that red tide dinoflagellates take up less $C_T$ during mixotrophy.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.3458-3464
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• 2009

본 연구는 40~50대 중년 남녀를 대상으로 신체계측을 통해 얻어진 신체계측치 및 혈관탄성도와 최대산소섭 취량의 관련성을 규명하기 위하여 일개 군 보건소 운동처방실을 방문한 남자 43명, 여자 53명을 대상으로 신체계측치 및 혈관탄성도, 최대산소섭취량 등을 측정하였다. 결과를 보면 1.남자의 신체계측치와 혈관탄성도의 상관관계에서는 비만도가, 여자에서는 허리-엉덩이비율이 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 2.남자의 신체계측치와 최대산소섭취량의 상관관계에서는 비만도, 체질량지수, 허리-엉덩이비율, 체지방율이 유의한 상관관계를 보였으며, 여자에서는 허리-엉덩이 비율, 체지방율이 유의한 상관 관계를 보였다. 3.남자의 혈관탄성도 및 심혈관계지표와 최대산소섭취량의 상관관계에서는 최대심박수가 유의한 상관관계를 보였고, 여자에서는 혈관탄성도, 최대심박수가 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 4.최대 산소섭취량을 종속변수로 한 다중회귀분석에서는 남녀 모두 체지방율, 혈관탄성도, 최대심박수가 유의한 변수로 나타났다. 즉 체지방율이 낮을수록, 혈관탄성도가 높을수록, 최대심박수가 높을수록 최대산소섭취량이 높았다. 따라서 40~50대 중년의 최대산소섭취량에 영향을 주는 요인에는 신체계측에 의한 비만관련지수, 혈관탄성도, 심혈관계지표등 여러 요인들이 복합적으로 관련되는 것으로 판단되어진다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2007

We investigated the growth and phosphate uptake of a toxic dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium catenatum, isolated from Yeosuhae Bay, South Korea. A short-term phosphate uptake experiment revealed that its maximum uptake and the half-saturation constant were 1.39 pmol/cell/hr and $2.65{\mu}M$, respectively. In a semicontinuous culture, the maximum specific growth rate and minimum phosphorus cell quota of G. catenatum were 0.39/day and 1.27 pmol/cell, respectively. Thus, G. catenatum is a poor competitor in terms of inorganic nutrient use and is unlikely to form blooms in Yeosuhae Bay.