• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.1769-1777
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• 2009

With the advent of the ubiquitous technology age, the progress of network technology has enabled a robust sensor communication, not just in cities, but also in poor surroundings such as deserts, polar regions, or underwater environments. In this paper, we propose a Multiple Acknowledgement (MA) technique to replace the conventional Automatic Repeat request (ARQ) technique. The MA mechanism is to send an Ack to many receivers simultaneously. The CH (master, coordinator) of the unit cluster broadcasts a Beacon frame where Ack information of the previously transmitted data is included. This technique can reduce the number of transmissions and overhead significantly. The proposed technique is a scheme improving the efficiency of an underwater sensor network where the uplink data transmission is the mainstream. The Performance of the ARQ, Block Ack, Pervasive Block Ack and the proposed method were compared with one another and analyzed. The proposed method showed significant performance improvement as compared with the ARQ, BA, and PBA in its channel efficiency.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.450-454
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• 1997

This system is the automatic boiler tube bending equipment which has four heads for bending the tube and the carriage for moving the tube. The system consists of two frames for transporting each moving parts, high-frequency heating equipment for heating the tube in hot bending, control panel for inputting the job data operating, remote control unit for concetration and distribution of input/output, and the monitoring system which can establish unmanned operationby receiving the bending job data via LAN form a design teamwhich produces the job data and schedule based on master production plan and diagnoses bending data change, input, whole system status, and system malfunctions. By employing this system, 30% of production improvement was achieved was achieved comparing to the existing bending system.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1480-1484
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• 2003

This paper presents the design and development of network for housing estate security system. The system can cover up to 961 houses which can be up to 1,200 meters long transfer rate of 9,600 bps. This system uses checking and warning the abnormal situation. More over this system has ability to control switch on/off the electrical equipment in the house via AC line control system. The system consists of 4 parts. The first part is a security system of each house using MCS-51 microcontroller as a central processing unit scan 32 sensors and control 8 appliances and send alarm. The MCS-51 microcontroller received control signal via telephone used DTMF circuit. The second part is distributed two levels master/slave network implementing after RS-485 serial communication standard. The protocol its base on the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) 7 layers protocol model design focus on speed, reliability and security of data that is transferred. The network security using encrypt by DES algorithm, message sequence, time stamp checking and authentication system when user to access and when connect new device to this system. Flow control in system is Poll/Select and Stop-and-Wait method. The third part is central server that using microcomputer which its main function are storing event data into database and can check history event. The final part is internet system which users can access their own homes via the Internet. This web service is based on a combination of SOAP, HTTP and TCP/IP protocols. Messages are exchanged using XML format [6]. In order to save the number of IP address, the system uses 1 IP address for the whole village in which all homes and appliance in this village are addressed using internal identification numbers. This proposed system gives the data transfer accuracy over 99.8% and maximum polling time is 1,120 ms.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.685-689
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• 2016

Opisthorchiasis is still a major health problem in rural communities of Thailand. Infection is associated with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), which is found frequently in Thailand, particularly in the northeastern. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of health intervention in the population at risk for opisthorchiasis and CCA. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Meuang Yang district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, northeastern Thailand, between June and October 2015. Participants were completed health intervention comprising 4 stations; 1, VDO clip of moving adult worm of liver fluke; 2, poster of life cycle of liver fluke; 3, microscopy with adult and egg liver fluke; and 4, brochure with the knowledge of liver fluke containing infection, signs, symptoms, related disease, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control. Pre-and-post-test questionnaires were utilized to collect data from all participants. Students paired t-tests were used to analyze differences between before and after participation in the health intervention. Knowledge (mean difference=-7.48, t=-51.241, 95% CI, -7.77, -7.19, p-value =0.001), attitude (mean difference=-9.07, t=-9.818, 95% CI=-10.9, -7.24, p-value=0.001), and practice (mean difference=-2.04, t=-2.688, 95% CI=-3.55, -0.53, p-value=0.008), changed between before and after time points with statistical significance. Community rules were concluded regarding: (1) cooked cyprinoid fish consumption; (2) stop under cooked cyprinoid fish by household cooker; (3) cooked food consumption; (4) hygienic defecation; (5) corrected knowledge campaign close to each household; (6) organizing a village food safety club; (7) and annual health check including stool examination featuring monitoring by village health volunteers and local public health officers. The results indicates that the present health intervention program was effective and easy to understand, with low cost and taking only a short time. Therefore, this program may useful for further work at community and provincial levels for liver fluke prevention and control.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 PLC의 결함을 수용할 수 있는 시스템을 구현하기 위한 방법을 제안하고 실제적인 그 타당성을 찾아보고자 한다. 결함허용 제어시스템은 중단 없이 수리 및 점검을 가능하게 하여 생산손실을 최소화하고 전체 시스템에 대하여 신뢰도를 향상시키게 된다. 이러한 결함허용 시스템을 구현하기 위해서 시스템의 이중화를 제안하게 되는 것이다. 따라서 이러한 시스템을 제안하고, 결함허용 제어시스템의 시뮬레이션 및 실제 소성로(kiln)에 적용 실험을 통하여 확인하고, 아울러 PLC 제어시스템의 신뢰도를 향상시키기 위하여 고장(failure)의 예측 및 결함특성 그리고 시스템 구성에 따른 결함간의 평균 시간을 비교하여 각종 모듈의 이중화로 결함이나 고장을 허용할 수 있는 제어시스템을 구성하였다. 제안한 시스템에서 노드의 표현방법 및 시스템 모드와 운전 모드와의 관계, 에러발견 모드와 이중화 모드의 전환관계, 그리고 PLC의 중앙처리장치를 하나가 아닌 2개를 가진 2채널 방식의 마스터-스탠바이 전환운전 및 연속운전에 관한 알고리즘을 연구하고 이 알고리즘으로 결함허용에 대한 연속운전 방법 및 결과를 도출하였으며 이 결과를 실제 소성로 제어시스템에 적용하여 PLC 결함허용에 대한 연속운전을 확인하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.144-149
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• 2002

본 논문은 항공전자 시스템 통제와 항법 및 사격통제, 커시브 및 라스터 그래픽 심볼 생성 둥의 기능이 통합된 항공전자시스템컴퓨터(ASC) 개발을 위한 실시간 다중 프로세서 병렬처리 기법을 제안한다. 4개의 32비트 RISC 프로세서간 논리적 계층구조는 마스터-슬레이브 다중 처리방식의 비대칭 구조를 가지며, Interaction 정도는 시분할 공통 시스템 버스와 공유 메모리 등을 활용한 밀 결합 방식을 채택하고, 효율적인 버스 중재방식을 고안하여 최적성능을 구현하였다. 일련의 비행시험을 통해 개발된 ASC를 검증하였으며, 전기적 시험과 환경 및 전자기 간섭 등 관련시험 또한 수행하였다.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.46-69
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• 2001

Hospice Care is the best way to care for terminally ill patients and their family members. However most of them can not receive the appropriate hospice service because the Korean health delivery system is mainly be focussed on acutly ill patients. This study was carried out to clarify the situation of hospice in Korea and to develop a hospice care delivery system model which is appropriate in the Korean context. The theoretical framework of this study that hospice care delivery system is composed of hospice resources with personnel, facilities, etc., government and non-government hospice organization, hospice finances, hospice management and hospice delivery, was taken from the Health Delivery System of WHO(1984). Data was obtained through data analysis of litreature, interview, questionairs, visiting and Delphi Technique, from October 1998 to April 1999 involving 56 hospices, 1 hospice research center, 3 non-government hospice organizations, 20 experts who have had hospice experience for more than 3 years(mean is 9 years and 5 months) and officials or members of 3 non-government hospice organizations. There are 61 hospices in Korea. Even though hospice personnel have tried to study and to provide qualified hospice serices, there is nor any formal hospice linkage or network in Korea. This is the result of this survey made to clarify the situation of Korean hospice. Results of the study by Delphi Technique were as follows: 1.Hospice Resources: Key hospice personnel were found to be hospice coordinator, doctor, nurse, clergy, social worker, volunteers. Necessary qualifications for all personnel was that they conditions were resulted as have good health, receive hospice education and have communication skills. Education for hospice personnel is divided into (i)basic training and (ii)special education, e.g. palliative medicine course for hospice specialist or palliative care course in master degree for hospice nurse specialist. Hospice facilities could be developed by adding a living room, a space for family members, a prayer room, a church, an interview room, a kitchen, a dining room, a bath facility, a hall for music, art or work therapy, volunteers' room, garden, etc. to hospital facilities. 2.Hospice Organization: Whilst there are three non-government hospice organizations active at present, in the near future an hospice officer in the Health&Welfare Ministry plus a government Hospice body are necessary. However a non-government council to further integrate hospice development is also strongly recommended. 3.Hospice Finances: A New insurance standards, I.e. the charge for hospice care services, public information and tax reduction for donations were found suggested as methods to rise the hospice budget. 4.Hospice Management: Two divisions of hospice management/care were considered to be necessary in future. The role of the hospice officer in the Health & Welfare Ministry would be quality control of hospice teams and facilities involved/associated with hospice insurance standards. New non-government integrating councils role supporting the development of hospice care, not insurance covered. 5.Hospice delivery: Linkage&networking between hospice facilities and first, second, third level medical institutions are needed in order to provide varied and continous hospice care. Hospice Acts need to be established within the limits of medical law with regards to standards for professional staff members, educational programs, etc. The results of this study could be utilizes towards the development to two hospice care delivery system models, A and B. Model A is based on the hospital, especially the hospice unit, because in this setting is more easily available the new medical insurance for hospice care. Therefore a hospice team is organized in the hospital and may operate in the hospice unit and in the home hospice care service. After Model A is set up and operating, Model B will be the next stage, in which medical insurance cover will be extended to home hospice care service. This model(B) is also based on the hospital, but the focus of the hospital hospice unit will be moved to home hospice care which is connected by local physicians, national public health centers, community parties as like churches or volunteer groups. Model B will contribute to the care of terminally ill patients and their family members and also assist hospital administrators in cost-effectiveness.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.17-32
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• 2013

Reckless development policy, which has continued during the past several decades, caused landscape damage. In order to solve this problem, it is very urgent to conserve the habitat and to establish systematic database. Recently, various researches related to landscape damage have been conducted actively and the necessity of landscape ecological planning based on the biotop mapping has been issued as one of the solutions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to select the study area, which is located in Guji-meon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu and will be formed into Daegu Science Park, and then to develop and apply the landscape ecological planning model based on biotop mapping in district unit. The results are as follows. Fist of all, according to the results of biotop classification with field survey and literature review, total 13 biotop and total 63 biotop types were classified. According to the first evaluation with B-VAT, total 19 biotop types were classified I grade including natural river with abundant plants(BA) and so on. While V grade, which has lowest value, was classified 16 biotop types including vegetable garden adjacent to river(BC). Also the second evaluation, we analyzed total 30 areas such as 1a, 1b grades, which had special meaning for the conservation of species and biotop. Next, 2a, 2b, 2c grades were analyzed total 82 areas. Secondly, in the compliance with Ecological landscape planning, we divided landscape planning model into two parts such as setting of improvement goal and detailed implement plan. For instance, setting of improvement goal, we classified 9 parts such as conservation region and parts of detailed implement plan, we classified total 28 planning indicators with 4 view such as the region which should be special protected from nature and landscape. Lastly, with the developed landscape model we applied to research areas, made maps, and differentiate proposals in each region. Specially, the final master plan was made to help understand the contents of detailed landscape planning. This study will be a useful data, which can solve the landscape damage problem systematically and control it landscape-friendly with biotop classification, evaluation, landscape ecological planning model, and application method which we developed.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.709-734
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• 2001

The aims of this experiment were to investigate the strain and temperature changes simultaneously within autopolymerzing acrylic resin specimens. A computerized data acquisition system with an electrical resistance strain gauge and a thermocouple was used over time periods up to 180 minutes. The overall strain kinetics, the effects of stress relaxation and additional heat supply during the polymerization were evaluated. Stone mold replicas with an inner butt-joint rectangular cavity ($40.0{\times}25.0mm$, 5.0mm in depth) were duplicated from a brass master mold. A strain gauge (AE-11-S50N-120-EC, CAS Inc., Korea) and a thermocouple were installed within the cavity, which had been connected to a personal computer and a precision signal conditioning amplifier (DA1600 Dynamic Strain Amplifier, CAS Inc., Korea) so that real-time recordings of both polymerization-induced strain and temperature changes were performed. After each of fresh resin mixture was poured into the mold replica, data recording was done up to 180 minutes with three-second interval. Each of two poly(methyl methacrylate) products (Duralay, Vertex) and a vinyl ethyl methacrylate product (Snap) was examined repeatedly ten times. Additionally, removal procedures were done after 15, 30 and 60 minutes from the start of mixing to evaluate the effect of stress relaxation after deflasking. Six specimens for each of nine conditions were examined. After removal from the mold, the specimen continued bench-curing up to 180 minutes. Using a waterbath (Hanau Junior Curing Unit, Model No.76-0, Teledyne Hanau, New York, U.S.A.) with its temperature control maintained at $50^{\circ}C$, heat-soaking procedures with two different durations (15 and 45 minutes) were done to evaluate the effect of additional heat supply on the strain and temperature changes within the specimen during the polymerization. Five specimens for each of six conditions were examined. Within the parameters of this study the following results were drawn: 1. The mean shrinkage strains reached $-3095{\mu}{\epsilon},\;-1796{\mu}{\epsilon}$ and $-2959{\mu}{\epsilon}$ for Duralay, Snap and Vertex, respectively. The mean maximum temperature rise reached $56.7^{\circ}C,\;41.3^{\circ}C$ and $56.1^{\circ}C$ for Duralay, Snap, and Vertex, respectively. A vinyl ethyl methacrylate product (Snap) showed significantly less polymerization shrinkage strain (p<0.01) and significantly lower maximum temperature rise (p<0.01) than the other two poly(methyl methacrylate) products (Duralay, Vertex). 2. Mean maximum shrinkage rate for each resin was calculated to $-31.8{\mu}{\epsilon}/sec,\;-15.9{\mu}{\epsilon}/sec$ and $-31.8{\mu}{\epsilon}/sec$ for Duralay, Snap and Vertex, respectively. Snap showed significantly lower maximum shrinkage rate than Duralay and Vertex (p<0.01). 3. From the second experiment, some expansion was observed immediately after removal of specimen from the mold, and the amount of expansion increased as the removal time was delayed. For each removal time, Snap showed significantly less strain changes than the other two poly(methyl methacrylate) products (p<0.05). 4. During the external heat supply for the resins, higher maximum temperature rises were found. Meanwhile, the maximum shrinkage rates were not different from those of room temperature polymerizations. 5. From the third experiment, the external heat supply for the resins during polymerization could temporarily decrease or even reverse shrinkage strains of each material. But, shrinkage re-occurred in the linear nature after completion of heat supply. 6. Linear thermal expansion coefficients obtained from the end of heat supply continuing for an additional 5 minutes, showed that Snap exhibited significantly lower values than the other two poly(methyl methacrylate) products (p<0.01). Moreover, little difference was found between the mean linear thermal expansion coefficients obtained from two different heating durations (p>0.05).

• 기록학연구
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• 제25호
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• pp.3-46
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• 2010

전자기록관리는 수많은 사회적 기술적 요소가 상호작용하는 하나의 시스템이다. 신뢰받는 상태를 계속 유지하기 위해 전자기록관리기관은 감사와 인증의 정규적인 수행이 필요할 것이다. 이에 따라 개별 전자기록관리기관에서는 스스로의 신뢰도를 지속적으로 평가해보는 도구로 사용할 수 있고 스스로의 환경과 시스템을 자체 평가하여 부족한 부분도 파악할 수 있게 하는 도구의 필요성이 생겼다. 본 연구의 목적은 OAIS 참조모형(ISO 14721)과 영국 UKDA와 TNA의 자가진단보고서, TRAC 및 DRAMBORA 등 4개 표준과 국제모범사례를 분석하고, MoReq2와 현행 국내 법령 및 표준 등을 종합, 분석하여 자체인증도구를 개발하고자 하는 것이었다. 본 연구에서는 이 인증도구의 개발과정과 전체적인 틀을 기술함으로써, 타 기관에서도 기관의 특성에 따라 이러한 도구를 개발하고 자체적으로 활용할 수 있는 개발방법론을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 진행 결과, (기관) 운영관리, 분류체계 및 기준정보 관리, 입수, 등록 기술, 저장 보존, 처분, 서비스, 검색도구 제공, 시스템 관리, 접근통제 보안, 모니터링 감사증적 통계, 위험관리 등 총 12개 영역으로 진단영역이 확정되었다. 설정된 12개 영역 각각에 대해 각 영역별로 프로세스 맵 또는 기능차트 등을 만들고 업무기능을 분석한 후, 영역별 주요 업무기능 단위를 중심으로 구성된 54개의 '평가지표'가 도출되었다. 각 평가지표 별로 실제 자가진단을 시행할 수 있는 측정 가능하고 증빙이 가능하도록 작성한 208개의 '평가세부지표'를 도출하였다. 본 연구의 결과물로 생성된 이 지표는 전자기록관리기관의 감사인증도구로 사용될 수 있어, 기관 스스로 정기적으로 자가진단을 실행하는 데에 활용함으로써, 발견된 미비점을 보완하고 향후 기관의 발전 전략에 반영할 수 있다.