• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.281-285
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• 2001

This study was carried out to improve the performance of heat recovery device attached to exhaust gas flue connected to combustion chamber of greenhouse heating system. Three different units were prepared for the comparison of heat recovery performance; AB-type(control unit) is exactly the same with the typical one fabricated for previous study of analyzing heat recovery performance in greenhouse heating system, other two types(C-type and D-type) modified from the control unit are different in the aspects of airflow direction(U-turn airflow) and pipe arrangement. The results are summarized as follows; 1. In the case of Type-AB, when considering the initial cost and current electricity fee required for system operation, it is expected that one or two years at most would be enough to return the whole cost invested. 2. Type-C and Type-D, basically different with Type-AB in the aspect of airflow pattern, are not sensitive to the change of blower capacity with higher than $25\;m^{3}/min$. Therefore, heat recovery performance was not improved so significantly with the increment of blower capacity. This is assumed to be that air flow resistance in high air capacity reduces the heat exchange rate as well. Never the less, compared with control unit, resultant heat recovery rate in Type-C and Type-D were improved by about 5% and 13%, respectively. 3. Desirable blower capacity for these heat recovery units experimented are expected to be about $25\;m^{3}/min$, and at the proper blower capacity, U-turn airflow units showed better heat recovery performance than control unit. But, without regard to the type of heat recovery unit, it is recommended that comprehensive consideration of system's physical factors such as pipe arrangement density, unit pipe length and pipe thickness, etc., are required for the optimization of heat recovery system in the aspects of not only energy conservation but economic system design.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.442-455
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• 1987

The purpose of the study were to assist foodservice managers in complex decision making by utilizing computerized cost accounting system and to relieve managers from repetitive and routine tasks so that more adequate patient care and consultation can be provided. The scope of the computer-assisted cost accounting system consists of budget, menu planning, purchasing, inventory, cost control and financial reporting. The content of the computerized system are summarized as follows ; 1) For budgeting monthly income was estimated by calculating unit cost of each meal and forecasting serving numbers. The actual serving numbers for patients and employees were totaled everyday, and utilized as the basic data base for estimating income and planning menu. The monthly lists of meal sensus were generated. 2) for menu planning concersion factors were computed based on the standarized recipe for 50 servings. Daily menus for patients and employees which include total amounts of each ingredient and cost analyzed information were generated. 3) Daily and monthly purchasing report for each food item classified by patient and employee meals were generated. 4) Inventory transactions such as recipts and issues were totalized daily for each stocked item, and monthly inventory reports were generated. 5) Cost analysis reports for each menu item were generated into two ways based on the budget coat as well as the purchasing cost. 6) Editing new recipes and updating food costs change to the data base were carried out. 7) Financial reports were generated monthly, first-half and second-half of the year, and yearly basis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.270-270
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• 2019

Although the Inertial Measurement Unit is applied to a variety of applications such as ships, submarines, and aircrafts, it is mainly used in the attitude measurement area. But since such equipment is expensive, it has been used only in special fields. In this study, the ship's seaworthiness is verified by measuring the speed, direction, gravity, and acceleration of the ship in real time using a low-cost Inertial Measurement Unit. A research method for estimating fIuid force coefficients was devised. Therefore, this study measured ship motion factors at sea, processed and analyzed the measured data, and evaluated the overall safety of the ship and estimated the resistance and steering performance of the ship.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2024

Molded pulp products has become more attractive than traditional materials such as expanded polystyrene foam (EPS) owing to low-priced recycled paper, environmental benefits such as biodegradability, and low production cost. In this study, various design factors regarding compression and cushioning characteristics of the molded pulp cushion with truncated pyramid-shaped structural units were analyzed using a test specimen with multiple structural units. The adopted structural factors were the geometric shape, wall thickness, and depth of the structural unit. The relative humidity was set at two levels. We derived the cushion curve model of the target molded pulp cushion using the stress-energy methodology. The coefficient of determination was approximately 0.8, which was lower than that for EPS (0.98). The cushioning performance of the molded pulp cushion was affected more by the structural factors of the structural unit than by the material characteristics. Repeated impacts, higher static stress, and drop height decreased the cushioning performance. Its compression behavior was investigated in four stages: elastic, first buckling, sub-buckling, and densification. It had greater rigidity during initial deformation stages; then, during plastic deformation, the rigidity was greatly reduced. The compression behavior was influenced by structural factors such as the geometric shape and depth of the structural unit and environmental conditions, rather than material properties. The biggest difference in the compression and cushioning characteristics of molded pulp cushion compared to EPS is that it is greatly affected by structural factors, and in addition, strength and resilience are expected to decrease due to humidity and repetitive loads, so future research is needed.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.3-9
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• 2016

This study proposes a approximate cost estimation system based on Excel with VBA using weighted CBR(Case Based Reasoning). One characteristic of this system is that it generates the sheet automatically as many as the number of similar case and new estimation when it performs a case learning and a new estimate and cell formula is automatically entered into each sheet. User can be free to compose a combination of attribute factors because they can select up to ten attribute factors. This paper presents an applicability of estimation model for estimating the soil remediation cost when it use a landfarming method. When compared to a estimation model by using average unit cost and optimum multiple regression, this model shows a better result. This study was aimed at landfarming method, but it is expected that a cost estimation model using CBR will be more likely to apply in soil remediation technologies which various remediation technologies and pollutant species exist.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.27-34
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• 2016

Although the scale and number of university facilities have increased, the maintenance of these facilities has not been efficient as maintenance costs incurred during facility operation periods, as well as management time, have not been sufficiently considered. In this study, the maintenance record data of national universities was compared and analyzed to analyze factors that incur maintenance costs according to the uses and costs of the facilities. According to the results, the number of cases of maintenance and repair work for basic educational facilities was shown to be the largest, accounting for 79%. The number of maintenance and repair work occurred according to work type was examined. According to the results, the highest ratio of maintenance and repair work occurred in the field of construction, specifically, the maintenance costs required for facility supplementation accounted for the highest ratio. Maintenance costs per unit area decreased over time in the newer university facilities, while showing a tendency to increase in older university facilities. However, there were cases where maintenance costs did not show any trends due to factors such as the limited maintenance budgets owing to the characteristics of public service facilities and facilities in the stage of deterioration or destruction after the stage of stabilization. This study is considered to be helpful for efficient university facility maintenance plans and budget calculations.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2020

Currently, the multi-unit houses are the largest in the ratio of housing types, and the number of households in multi-unit houses is steadily increasing. As the multi-family housing project continues, the accuracy of estimates for decision-making and feasibility assessment are required in the early stages of the project. Therefore, this study selected the influential factors affecting the estimated estimate and showed the relative importance of each factor through weight analysis and suggested the method of calculating the estimated estimate to improve the accuracy. The calculation plan presented through this study will be used as a useful data for project feasibility review and is expected to make a great contribution in preventing the economic loss of the client.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.94-104
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• 2006

The changed Korean government law associated with the public apartment housing supply, so called the $^{\circ}{\AE}$Apartment Sales Price $Cap^{\circ}{\phi}$, requires new system for estimating construction cost in order to set appropriate price. A model apartment project was carefully designed and its construction cost were analyzed in many different ways. Based on the analyses outcomes, 1,028,000 Won/m2 (excluding cost for underground parking lot) is the most appropriate Price Cap for a smaller than $85{\beta}{\geq}$ apartment unit. Further, it was revealed that the price have to be adjusted reflecting such factors as underground size; structural system; external complex quality; and consumer preferences. Findings from this study will enable the Korean government to realize faster and better application of the related laws. The methodology for obtaining appropriate apartment construction cost will also benefit for future researchers.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.767-775
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• 2018

To develop and check a Radar Processor Unit, checking the function and performance of the requirement is very important factor in developing Radar. General methods for verifying the Radar is simulation test, environment linkage test and field operation test, firstly, in case of requirement analysis phase, verify Radar algorithm and design by using mathematical method based simulation test method, and secondly, in case of unit test and integrated test phase, Test Equipment is set to simulate radar environment in the lab to verify radar function and performance. Lastly, field operation test phase is carried out to confirm the function and performance after it is mounted on the actual equipment. To successfully develop Radar Processor Unit, using the method of field operation test method after sufficient test cases are tested in radar environmental interlocking method in order to save cost and testing period and because of this reason, development of the Radar Processor Unit Test Equipment is becoming very important factor. In this paper, we introduce the concept of test equipment development and important factors in test equipment, which are target simulation, data processing and device interlocking.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find out awareness of the environment-friendly planning elements for residential unit space among practitioners. The respondents in this questionnaire survey were 140 practitioners in architecture and interior design field. The major findings of this study were as follows; most of the respondents were aware of the impact of indoor built environment on residents' wellness. In addition, the survey respondents viewed that the factors for planning environment-friendly high-rise apartments were represented by gardening and energy-saving while their perception on the concept excluded comprehensive components affecting residents' life quality. Over 50% of respondents had an experience of applying environment-friendly planning elements in their works, and high frequency appeared on the general planning elements which had been applied special awareness as pro-environmental features. The respondents considered environment-friendly planning elements as important. Specially, space planning and system were considered more likely important in interior design field. In application of environment-friendly planning elements, cost, lack of consumers' awareness of and underdevelopment of environment-friendly materials were of concern. Therefore, the consumer's cognition needs to be improved for wide application about environment-friendly planning element, and then consumers are willing to pay additional construction cost of environment-friendly apartments. At the same time, the current practice that housing developers pass the additional cost on to residents needs to be changed. Then, the quality of life in high-rise residential settings can be improved. More importantly, the exchange and development of the reliable information on environment-friendly planning elements need to be made, and technical support and long-term policy for the development are required. This research showed current status of knowledge and practice in sustainable planning of unit apartment and proved basic information for future direction.