• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.238-244
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• 2002

Protective effect of skin by antioxidative dietary buchu (Chinese chives, Allium tuberosum Router), was evaluated in ICR mice fed diets containing 2% or 5% buchu for 12 months. Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in skin, with or without ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation, activities of antioxidative enzymes, total glutathione concentrations, and non-soluble collagen contents were measured. Dietary buchu decreased significantly in TBARS and protein carbonyl levels in skin compared to the control group, and were lower in those fed 5% than 2% buchu diet group. ICR mice exhibited an age-dependent decrease in antioxidative enzyme activities and total glutathione concentrations on the control diet, but in the groups fed buchu diet the enzyme activities and glu-tathione concentrations remained at youthful levels for most of the study. SOD, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities as well as total glutathione concentrations increased with time in the skins of the mice fed buchu diets. Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation provoked by UVB irradiation on ICR mice skin homogenates were also significantly inhibited by dietary buchu. The buchu diets also decreased the formation of non-soluble collagen in mice skin, compared to the control group. These results suggest that antioxidative components and sulfur-compounds in buchu may confer protective effect against oxidative stress resulting from aging and exposure to ultraviolet irradiation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.269-275
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• 2015

Collagen peptides, which are found at high concentrations in the human body, are present in animal bones and the skin of marine organisms, namely, fish scales. Collagen is the most abundant structural protein of various connective tissues in animals. Furthermore, it is widely used in biomedical material, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and leather industries. Peptides extracted from scales of various fish protect against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage and photo-aging. However, the protective effects of collagen peptides derived from the scales of Branchiostegus japonicus against UVB exposure are unclear. This study investigated the effects of peptides larger than 1 kDa (high-molecular weight peptides [HMP]) and smaller than 1 kDa (low-molecular weight peptides [LMP]), derived from extracts of B. japonicus scales, against UVB-induced skin damage and photo-aging. These peptides scavenged 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner. In UVB-exposed HaCaT human keratinocytes, LMP inhibited 8-isoprostane generation, a marker of cellular lipid peroxidation. The peptides also suppressed the UVB-induced increase in tyrosinase activity and melanin content in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. In addition, the LMP and HMP treatment suppressed UVB-induced elastase and matrix metalloproteinase-1 activities in the HaCaT cells. These results indicate that peptides derived from B. japonicus scales have antioxidant, antiphoto-aging, and skin-whitening effects.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.313-322
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• 2013

Ultraviolet irradiation in the cells and skin produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces the synthesis of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) causing skin photoaging. Using the human dermal fibroblast (HDF), we investigated the antioxidative and anti-aging effects of the extracts from Talinum paniculatum. Talinum paniculatum leaf and stem extracts (LSE) showed free radical scavenging effect by 98.45% at 500 ${\mu}g/mL$ and superoxide radical scavenging effect by 97.01% at 500 ${\mu}g/mL$ in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. The photoprotective potential of LSE was tested in HDF exposed to ultraviolet irradiation. It was revealed that LSE had an inhibitory effect on MMP-1 expression in UVA-irradiated HDF without any significant cytotoxicity. The treatment of UVA-irradiated HDF with LSE resulted in dose-dependent decreases in the expression levels of MMP-1 mRNA and protein. Also, UVB-induced cytotoxicity and cell death were effectively suppressed by treatment of LSE. Additionally, the senescence-associated ${\beta}$- galactosidase (SA-${\beta}$-gal) activity was decreased in the presence of LSE. These results suggest that Talinum paniculatum leaf and stem extracts (LSE) may have anti-aging effects and can be used as new functional materials against oxidative stress-mediated skin damages.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.807-815
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• 2004

In order to evaluate the static stability of hybrid carbody structures of Korean Tilting Train eXpress(TTX) caused by degradation of composites under ground environments, T300/AD6005 graphite/epoxy composite specimens were exposed to accelerated environmental conditions including ultraviolet radiation, temperature and moisture fer 2000 hours. It was found that the stiffness and strength of composites after aging were lower than those of unexposed specimens, and decreased as the aging time increases. The values of the degraded properties were used in the static analysis to check the static stability of hybrid carbody structures caused by environmental degradation of composites. The results shown that the structural stability of hybrid carbody structures was affected by the degradation of composites after exposure to accelerated aging environments.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07d
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• pp.1404-1406
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• 1998

The outdoor polymeric insulating materials such as silicone rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer(EPDM), ethylene vinyl acetate(EVA) and epoxy are aged by various natural environment with the long-term performance in outdoor. In this paper, the effects of UV-ray on surface of silicone rubber were investigated by using the weather-Ometer. The accelerated aging stresses were simulated by UV radiation. high temperature and humidity as well as water spray. These the aging characteristics were examined through contact angle measurements, tracking resistance test, FT-IR and SEM/EDS analysis. the experimental results showed that tracking resistance decreases with increase in the UV-ray irradiation period. But the surface of silicone rubber kept hydrophobicity. It is found that the inorganic filler such as $Al(OH)_3$ improves tracking resistance and the $TiO_2$ is very effective in preventing degradation of silicone rubber surface from UV-ray.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.251-257
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• 2021

ln this study, natural extracts extracted from cypress sapiens, a natural material, were investigated as materials that could protect skin aging caused by ultraviolet rays, and experiments were conducted on the synthesis of filaggrins that make up the natural moisturizing factor of the skin, the synthesis of pro-colagen, a fibrous protein, which plays an important role in moisturizing the dermis, and elastin, which is an enzyme that decomposes collagen. As a result, cypress ethanol extract (COE) was a dependent inhibitor to collagenase and elastase, inhibiting the synthesis of filaggrin and the expression of MMP-1 for exfoliated cells damaged by ultraviolet rays. Therefore, it is estimated that ethanol extract will have the effect of delaying wrinkles and as a functional cosmetic material that inhibits skin aging convergence. Based on this study, we would like to further study the mechanism of the synthesis of filaggrin on the suppression of expression of MMP, which is the anti-wrinkle effect.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.48-56
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• 2008

Chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure is the major cause of photoaging that causes skin wrinkling, roughness, dryness, laxity, and pigmentation. Recently, increasing efforts are being made to understand the relationship between foods and skin health. Ginsenosides are present in ginseng (Ginseng Radix Rubra) extract, and are known to have biomedical properties, such as, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated whether KTNG0345 prepared from red ginseng extracts delivered orally reduces skin wrinkling and ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced wrinkle formation in hairless mouse skin. KTNG0345 was administrated orally to the mice (5 times a week) during the period of UVB-irradiation (3 times a week) for 8 weeks at three different doses of 300 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg (w/v). UV doses were increased weekly by 1 MED (1MED = 75 $mJ/cm^2)$ up to 4 MED and then maintained at this level. After the 8-week administration period, it was found that orally administered KTNG0345 significantly inhibited UVB-induced wrinkle formation in a dose-dependent manner. Increases in skin thickness caused by UVB were prevented by KTNG0345. Moreover, it also significantly inhibited matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -13 and MMP-9 expressional inductions by UVB. In addition, KTNG0345 was observed to prevent UVB-induced water loss of epidermis in hairless mouse skin. Our results demonstrate that orally administered KTNG0345 has anti-wrinkling effects in hairless mouse skin, and suggest that dietary red ginseng and herbal mixture may be considered a functional beauty food for preventing UVB-induced skin wrinkles.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.141-154
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• 2015

Objective : In this paper, we investigated the anti-oxidative capacities and protective effects of water extract of palmul-tang (PMT) against Ultraviolet B(UVB)-induced oxidative damage in human keratinocytes(HaCaT). Method : To evaluate the anti-oxidative activities of PMT, we measured scavenging activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation and reducing power of PMT. To give an oxidative stress to HaCaT cells, UVB was irradiated with $40mJ/cm^2$ to HaCaT cells. To detect the protective effects of PMT against UVB, we measured cell viability, apoptotic bodies and reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation. Results : PMT showed the anti-oxidative activities by scavenging DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation. Also PMT showed high reducing values. The UVB-induced oxidative conditions led to the cell apoptosis. However, treatment with PMT reduced oxidative stress conditions, including inhibition of cell apoptosis and expression of ROS. Conclusion : PMT had anti-oxidative activities and exhibited protective effects against UVB on HaCaT cells. PMT would be useful for the development of cosmetics treating UVB-induced skin aging.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2015

Most skin damage caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is owing to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Phytochemicals can act as antioxidants against UVB-induced oxidative stress. This study investigated the protective effects of the flavone galangin against UVB-induced oxidative damage in human keratinocytes. Galangin efficiently scavenged free radicals and reduced UVB-induced damage to cellular macromolecules, such as DNA, lipids, and proteins. Furthermore, galangin rescued cells undergoing apoptosis induced by UVB radiation via recovering mitochondrial polarization and down-regulating apoptotic proteins. These results showed that galangin protects human keratinocytes against UVB radiation-induced cellular damage and apoptosis via its antioxidant effects.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.475-484
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• 2015

In this paper, we studied the anti-oxidative capacities and protective effects of water extract of Gagam-Danguieumja(GDE) against Ultraviolet B(UVB)-induced oxidative damage in human keratinocytes(HaCaT). To evaluate the anti-oxidative activities of GDE, we measured scavenging activities on DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation and reducing power of GDE. To detect the protective effects of GDE against UVB, we irradiated with 40 mJ/㎠`s UVB to HaCaT cells then we measured reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation, apoptotic bodies and cell viability using DCFH-DA assay, Hoechst 33342 staining and MTT assay. GDE showed the anti-oxidative activities by scavenging DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation. Also GDE showed high reducing values. GDE reduced oxidative stress conditions by inhibition of ROS expression. Also the cell apoptosis by UVB-induced oxidative conditions was decreased by GDE treatment. These results could suggest that GDE had anti-oxidative activities and exhibited protective effects against UVB on HaCaT cells. GDE would be useful for the development of cosmetics treating UVB-induced skin aging.