• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.190-195
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• 2014

Echinochloa (L.) P. Beauv. includes some of the noxious weeds, causing a serious yield loss when they are dominant in the fields. Identification of the Echinochloa is very difficult because many interspecific and intraspecific forms of the species are found. However, it is important to identify the species exactly and to know the genetic diversity of the species for effective weed management. This study was conducted to identify and summarize the Echinochloa species by comparing the genetic variation and relationship among Korean Echinochloa species using SSR. The genetic diversity of 107 individuals, including seven species were assessed using five SSR markers. UPGMA dendrogram generated two clades (I and II) and clade II divided again into two subclades (II-1 and II-2) whereas the model based genetic structure proposed four subpopulations. The two subpopulations were corresponded to clades I and II-1 and the other two were arranged to clade II-2 of the UPGMA dendrogram. We have concluded that E. colona and E. glabrescens might have not distributed in Korea. The biological varieties, praticola and echinata, of E. crus-galli should be treated as E. crus-galli. Korean Echinochloa should be summarized with four species, i.e., E. oryzicola, E. crus-galli, E. esculenta, and E. oryzoides.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 1999

To assess genetic diversity amoug 21 strains from sixleen Frrsn~i~nn species , we used RAPD(rando1n amplified pol.ymorphic DNA) analysis based on PCR(po1ymerase chain reaction). Eleven primers showing Ule polymorphism were chosen from the 40 random pnmers-tcstcd. A total of 263 polymorphic bands were generated by the primers and the size of amplified DNA fragments ranged from 0.1 lo 3.0 kb. Sirnilku-it), coefficients between strains were calcnlatcd, and UPGMA cluster analysis was used to generate a dendrogram showing relationships among them. The results from RAPD-PCR analysis were grouped into four main groups at the si~nilarity level of 0.627.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.201-206
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• 2010

The genetic relationship among 48 Cymbidium cultivars was analyzed using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) with eighty 10 mers random primers (Operon Technologies) and twelve 20 mers random primers. Forty eight Cymbidium cultivars included 34 oriental Cymbidium, 7 hybrids, and 7 western Cymbidium. 407 (9.9 per primer) and 56 polymorphic bands (9.5 per primer) were generated by polymerase chain reaction with selected thirty 10 mers primers, and nine 20 mers primers, respectively. The polymorphic fragments ranged from 0.4 to 1.5 kb in size. The dendrogram was constructed by using the UPGMA clustering algorithm based on genetic similarity. Forty eight Cymbidium cultivars were classified into four major groups at similarity coefficient value of 0.638.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.57-61
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• 2012

The Indian Oak Tasar silkworm, Antheraea proylei J. is a beneficial insect with great economic importance in India for its silk production. In this study, six populations of Antheraea proylei and A. frithi Moore (as an out group) were subjected to inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker analysis in order to assess its genetic diversity. Fifteen ISSR primers produced 91 markers among different breeds of A. proylei and A. frithi of which 89 are polymorphic, generating 97.8% polymorphism. The dendrogram constructed using the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) and cluster analysis made using Nei's genetic distance resulted in the formation of one major group containing four sub-groups separating the breeds. This result suggests that ISSR amplification is potentially useful for molecular characterization of oak tasar silkworm genotypes.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.580-591
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• 1994

한국산 Drosophila melanogaster species group 8종의 생화학적 유연관계를 조사하기 위하여 3령기 유충, 말기 번데기, 성체의 세 발생단계에서 각각 효소 분석을 실시하였다. Rogers의 공식에 의해 각 발생단계 별로 8종간의 유전적 유사도를 계산하고 그 값을 근거로 UPGMA법에 의한 dendrogram을 작성하였다. 발생단계에 따라 관찰된 효소allele의 빈도는 큰 차이를 나타냈는데 이는 효소의 활성도나 유전자 발현의 발생단계별 차이로 생각되었다 이러한 발생단계별 효소분석 결과의 차이에도 불구하고 세 발생단계에서 모두 같은 pattern의 dendrogram이 얻어졌다. 따라서 대소 분석은 성체뿐만 아니라 유충이나 번데기와 같은 초기발생단계를 재료로 취할 때에도 종간 유연관계의 분석에 유용한 분석법이 될 것으로 생각할 수 있었다 세 발생단계에서 효소분석을 통해 얻어진 결과로 볼 때 D. melanogaster species group 8종은 크게 두개의 계통으로 나뉘었는데 D. melonogaster와 여. simulons, D. lutescens가 한 계통에 속했고 D. suzukii와 D. aurauia, D. biourariu, D. trioururia, D. rufa가 다른 한 계통에 속하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.675-687
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• 2011

Mulberries have importance in the sericulture industry as food for Bombyx mori, silkworm reared for its silk. Korean Morus alba have many cultivars and, for the protection of these cultivars and for utilization in plant-breeding programs, genetic information and the diversity among cultivars are essential. This study with 14 mulberry genotypes was undertaken using RAPD and ISSR fingerprinting to discover the genetic divergences between cultivars. Polymorphism rate among the cultivars produced by RAPD primer was found to be 64.48% and 66.29% relative to ISSR primer. The genetic relationships among the cultivars were identified using a dendrogram constructed with the UPGMA clustering method. Nei's method was used to calculate the genetic dissimilarity coefficients between each pair of genotypes, and the highest dissimilarity coefficient of 0.246 was exhibited between Suwon and Hwanggum cultivars. To determine the efficiency of each primer, a polymorphic index was calculated, and the robustness of the dendrogram was checked using cophenetic correlation coefficient. The results of this study can be utilized for the improvement of mulberry varieties in plant-breeding programs.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.129-133
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• 2009

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to investigate the genetic variations of Coreoleuciscus splendidus within and among the West Korea Subdistrict populations (in Han and Geum Rivers) and the South Korea Subdistrict populations (in Seomjin and Nakdong Rivers). Twelve random primers were employed to generate RAPD markers. All primers were produced to identify specific RAPD markers between the West and South Korea Subdistrict populations. Analyses of genetic similarity and distance among the West and South Korea Subdistrict populations of C. splendidus also revealed similar results, with low genetic similarity (0.49~0.53) and high distance value (0.63~0.71). UPGMA dendrogram based on genetic distance was also similar in results. Therefore, the West Korea Subdistrict populations and the South Korea Subdistrict populations vary in genetic structure, and C. splendidus in the South Korea Subdistrict may represent a different species.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1270-1274
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• 2004

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to determine the genetic relationships among seventeen species of the Acanthopanax species. The DNA isolated from the leaves of the samples was used as template in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with twenty random decamer primers in order to distinguish plant subspecies at the level of their genomes. The RAPD patterns were compared by calculating pairwise distances using Dice similarity index, and produced to the genetic similarity dendrogram by unweighted pair-group method arithmetic averaged (UPGMA) analysis, showing three groups; a major cluster(twelve species), minor cluster (4 species) and single-clustering species. The results of RAPD were compatible with the morphological classification, as well as the chemotaxonomic classification of the Acanthopanax species. The Acanthopanax species containing 3,4-seco-lupane type triterpene compounds in their leaves corresponded to the major cluster, another species having oleanane or normal lupane type constituents to minor clusters, and one species not containing triterpenoidal compound to single-cluster.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.327-335
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• 2020

Genomic DNA (gDNA) extracted from two populations of natural and cultured river pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The complexity of the fragments derived from the two locations varied dramatically. The genetic distances (GDs) between individuals numbered 15 and 12 in the cultured population was 0.053, which was the lowest acknowledged. The oligonucleotide primer OPC-11 identified 88 unique loci shared within each population reflecting the natural population. The OPC-05 primer identified 44 loci shared by the two populations. The average band-sharing (BS) values of individuals in the natural population (0.683±0.014) were lower than in those derived from the cultured population (0.759±0.009) (p<0.05). The shortest GD demonstrating a significant molecular difference was found between the cultured individuals # 15 and # 12 (GD=0.053). Individual # 02 of the natural population was most distantly related to cultured individual # 22 (GD=0.827). A cluster tree was built using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) Euclidean GD analysis based on a total of 578 various fragments derived from five primers in the two populations. Obvious markers identified in this study represent the genetic structure, species security, and proliferation of river pufferfish in the rivers of the Korean peninsula.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.142-146
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• 2005

Thirty-two germplasms of Korean adlay landraces were examined to analyse the genetic relationship through the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) approach. Total number of AFLP products generated by 12 selective primer combinations was 882. The number of polymorphic fragments by each primer combination greatly varied from 4 to 51 with a mean of 20.3, bands visible on the polyacrylamide gel. A genetic similarity coefficient was used for cluster analysis following UPGMA (unweighted pair grouping method of averages) method. The resulting clusters were represented in the form of a dendrogram. The clustering was not tight in the dendrogram. There was generally no clear grouping of the adlay according to the geographic regions in which germplasms were collected. The present AFLP analysis imply that although Korean adlay displayed a larger amount of AFLP variation within germplasms, the variation was shown independently without reflecting a clinal variation. This study demonstrated that AFLP method can be used to examine the genetic relationships among different germplasms of adlay.