• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.797-818
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• 2022

Steel-precast ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) composite beams with demountable high-strength friction-grip bolt (HSFGB) shear connectors can be used for accelerated bridge construction (ABC) and achieve excellent structural performance, which is expected to be dismantled and recycled at the end of the service life. However, no investigation focuses on the demountability and reusability of such composite beams, as well as the installation difficulties during construction. To address this issue, this study conducted twelve push-out tests to investigate the effects of assembly condition, bolt grade, bolt-hole clearance, infilling grout and pretension on the crack pattern, failure mode, load-slip/uplift relationship, and the structural performance in terms of ultimate shear strength, friction resistance, shear stiffness and slip capacity. The experimental results demonstrated that the presented composite beams exhibited favorable demountability and reusability, in which no significant reduction in strength (less than 3%) and stiffness (less than 5%), but a slight improvement in ductility was observed for the reassembled specimens. Employing oversized preformed holes could ease the fabrication and installation process, yet led to a considerable degradation in both strength and stiffness. With filling the oversized holes with grout, an effective enhancement of the strength and stiffness can be achieved, while causing a difficulty in the demounting of shear connectors. On the basis of the experimental results, more accurate formulations, which considered the effect of bolt-hole clearance, were proposed to predict the shear strength as well as the load-slip relationship of HSFGBs in steel-precast UHPC composite beams.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.5015-5020
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• 2015

Push-out test is performed on perfobond shear connectors applying ultra high performance concretes with compressive strength higher than 80 MPa to evaluate their shear resistance. The test variables are chosen to be the diameter and number of dowel holes and, the change in the shear strength of the perfobond rib connector is examined with respect to the strength of two types of UHPC: steel fiber-reinforced concrete with compressive strength of 180 MPa and concrete without steel fiber with compressive strength of 80 MPa. The test results reveal that higher concrete strength and larger number of holes increased the shear strength, and that higher increase rate in the shear strength was achieved by the dowel action.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2020

In this study, we propose a new truss deckplate system, which does not require temporary floor supports during construction, with ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) infilled top bars. The increased stiffness and strength of the proposed system were well retained as compared to those of the existing truss deckplate systems, thereby resulting in the reduction of maximum deflection at the span center. Four-point bending tests were performed on five specimens with a net span of 4.6 m to evaluate the structural performance of proposed system in the construction stage. In addition, the load-deflection curve was plotted for each specimen, and the effects of test parameters were analyzed. Further, a rigorous nonlinear three-dimensional finite element analysis was performed, and its results were compared with the test results. From the results, it was observed that the test specimens of the proposed system exhibited superior performance as compared to those of the existing one and also satisfied the serviceability requirement during construction provided by the Korea Building Code 2016.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.94-101
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• 2024

In this paper, the performance of air pollution reduction by coating the photocatalyst solution on the mortar surface was analyzed to ensure the possibility of applying the photocatalyst to structures with a large specific surface area. The photocatalytic concentrations of the coating solution were set to 1.5 % and 3.0 %, and the types of binders were considered as experimental variables, such as ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), ordinary portland cement (OPC), and blast furnace slag. As the photocatalyst concentration increases, the air pollution reduction performance increases. In addition, as a result of the air pollution reduction performance, the NO_x concentration reduction rate was the highest for UHPC, and the air pollution reduction performance increased as the blast furnace slag was replaced. Therefore, the amount of TiO₂ remaining on the surface varies depending on the density of the tissue due to the difference in particles caused by the difference in the amount of TiO₂ remaining on the surface.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.89 no.6
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• pp.617-626
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• 2024

The study investigated the behavior of plain and fibered Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) beams under varying loading conditions using integrated analysis of the flexure and acoustic emission tests. The loading rate of testing is -0.25 -2 mm/min. It is observed that on increasing loading rate, flexural strength increases, and toughness decreases. The acoustic emission testing revealed that higher loading rates accelerate crack propagation. Fiber effect and matrix cracking are identified as significant contributors to the release of acoustic emission energy, with fiber rupture/failure and matrix cracking showing rate-dependent behavior. Crack classification analysis indicated that the rise angle (RA) value decreased under quasi-static loading. The average frequency (AF) value increased with the loading rate, but this trend reversed under rate-dependent conditions. K-means analysis identified distinct clusters of crack types with unique frequency and duration characteristics at different loading rates. Furthermore, the historic index and signal strength decreased with increasing loading rate after peak capacity, while the severity index increased in the post-peak zone, indicating more severe damage. The sudden rise in the historic index and cumulative signal strength indicates the possibility of several occurrences, such as the emergence of a significant crack, shifts in cracking modes, abrupt failure, or notable fiber debonding/pull-out. Moreover, there is a distinct rise in the number of AE knees corresponding to the increase in loading rate. The crack mapping from acoustic emission testing aligned with observed failure patterns, validating its use in structural health monitoring.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.290-297
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• 2017

The flexural behavior tests of UHPC segmental U-girder and composite U-girder which has 160MPa compressive strength and 15.4m length were carried out. The test variables are volume fraction of steel fibers and slab over the U-girder. Each U-girder has longitudinal re-bars in web and lower flange. PS tendons which has 2 of 15.2mm diameter in upper flange and PS tendons which has 7 of 15.2mm diameter in lower flange were arranged and prestressed at onetime in U-girder connection stage. Enough strong prestressing force which applied to U-girder due to ultra high performance concrete strength can withstand the self weight and dead load in U-girder stage. By comparison with the brittle behavior of U-girder, composite U-girder showed the stable and ductile behavior. After the construction of slab over U-girder, flexural load capacity of composite U-girder can bear the design load in final construction stage with only one time prestressing operation which already carried out in U-girder stage. This simple prestressing method due to the ultra high strength concrete have the advantage in construction step and cost. The shear key which has narrow space has the strong composite connection between ultra high strength concrete U-girder and high strength concrete slab didn't show any slip and opening right before failure load.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 2020

This numerical study demonstrates the porosity conditions and the intensity of the interactions with the aggressive agents. It is established that the density as well as the elastic modulus are correlated to ultrasonic velocity The following investigation assessed the effects of cement grade and porosity on tensile strength, flexural and compressive of Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) as a numerical model in PLAXIS 2d Software. Initially, the existing strength-porosity equations were investigated. Furthermore, comparisons of the proposed equations with the existing models suggested the high accuracy of the proposed equations in predicting, cement grade concrete strength. The outcome obtained showed a ductile failure when un-corroded reinforced concrete demonstrates several bending-induced cracks transfer to the steel reinforcement. Moreover, the outcome also showed a brittle failure when wider but fewer transverse cracks occurred under bending loads. Sustained loading as well as initial pre-cracked condition during the corrosion development have shown to have significant impact on the corrosion behavior of concrete properties. Moreover, greater porosity was generally associated with lower compressive, flexural, and tensile strength. Higher cement grade, on the other hand, resulted in lower reduction in concrete strength. This finding highlighted the critical role of cement strength grade in determining the mechanical properties of concrete.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.166-166
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• 2011

한국건설기술연구원내에 세계 최초로 UHPC(초고성능 콘크리트)를 활용한 보도사장교를 설계 및 시공하여 공용중이다. 초고성능 콘크리트(UHPC, Ultra High Performance Concrete)는 기존의 콘크리트의 단점을 극복하기 위하여 강섬유 및 혼화재료를 사용하여 고강도화와 더불어 인장강도, 휨강도, 균열에 대한 저항성, 전단강도 및 내충격성을 대폭 개선시켜서 구조부재의 연성 및 강도를 확보하기 위해 개발된 것으로서 한국건설기술연구원이 독자적 연구를 바탕으로 UHPC를 개발하였고, KICT-UHPC의 특성을 충분히 반영한 보도사장교를 한국건설기술원내에 실구조물로 시공하였다. 한국건설기술연구원내 본관 1, 2동 연결 보도사장교(SUPER BRIDGE 1)의 진동실험을 통해 UHPC 보도사장교의 동특성(고유진동수 및 모드형상)을 평가하였다. 대상교량에는 보도사장교의 캔틸레버 구조 특성에 의해 발생하는 진동을 제어하기 위한 질량 264kg의 난간형 수직진동제어장치(TMD) 4대가 설치되어 있으며, 부가질량의 운동을 기계적으로 구속하거나 구속을 해제하여 TMD의 작동을 켜거나 끌 수 있도록 되어있다. TMD의 가동 및 정지시 동특성을 비교하는 정밀한 검증 실험을 통하여 TMD 설치에 의한 동특성의 변화도 평가하였다. 가진망치에 의한 충격실험으로부터 획득한 가속도 시간이력 데이터와 가진망치의 가진력 시간이력 데이터를 사용하여 주파수응답함수(FRF, frequency response function)를 계산하고, 이로부터 Super Bridge I의 동적모드형상과 고유진동수를 추출하였다. 1차 모드의 고유진동수는 TMD 정지시 2.2949 Hz, TMD 작동시 2.0996 Hz로서 8%정도 감소하였다. 충격해머에 의한 가진 실험을 통해 세계 최초로 시공한 UHPC 보도사장교의 진동특성과 관련한 신뢰성 있는 자료를 확보할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.699-706
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• 2015

This paper presents results of one-year monitoring on prestressing force of a 7-wire steel post-tensioning strand which is installed in a UHPC(ultra high performance concrete) bridge with 11.0 m long, 5.0 m wide, and 0.6 m high by using a FBG-encapsulated 7-wire steel strand. The initial prestressing forces and the prestress changes during a vehicle load test were measured using the FBG-encapsulated strand. The results show that the FBG-encapsulated 7-wire strand is very effective for monitoring the prestress forces even the change in the tension force is very small. Additionally, it was indicated that selection of the thermal expansion coefficient which is used for the temperature correction shall be carefully carried out.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.571-585
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• 2023

The application of relatively low volumes of fibres in normal strength concrete has been shown to be of significant benefit when applied to composite slabs with profiled sheet decking. This paper reports on an experimental study aimed at quantifying further potential benefits that may arise from applying ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete. To assess performance six simply supported beams were tested under hogging and sagging loading configurations along with three two span continuous beams. Fibre contents are varied from 0% to 2% and changes in strength, deformation, crack width and moment redistribution are measured. At the serviceability limit state, it is shown that the addition of high fibre volumes can significantly enhance member stiffness and reduce crack widths in all beams. At the ultimate limit state it is observed that a transition from 0% to 1% fibres significantly increases strength but that there is a maximum fibre volume beyond which no further increases in strength are possible. Conversely, member ductility and moment redistribution are shown to be strongly proportional to fibre volume.