• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2000년도 춘계총회 및 학술대회
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• pp.45-47
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• 2000

• 대한수학회보
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 1990

In this paper we introduce S(X, $x_{0}$) which is a generalization of Ellis group G(X, $x_{0}$), and S-sets in S(X, $x_{0}$). In particular we cind the sufficient condition for the group A(I) of all automorphisms of I and K=Iu to be isomorphic, where I is a minimal right ideal and u is an idempotent of I.f I.

• 천문학회보
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.54-54
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• 2000

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.845-854
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• 1998

Background: S-2-(3 aminoprophlamino) ethylphosphorothioic acid(WR-2721) is one of the radical scavenging thiols. We tested its protective effects in the reperfused heart. Material and Method: The experimental setup was the constant pressure Langendorffs perfusion system. We investigated the radical scavenging properties of this compound in isolated rat hearts which were exposed to 20 minutes ischemia and 20 minutes reperfusion. Four experimental groups were used:group I, control, Amifostine 50 mg(1 mL) peritoneal injection 30 minutes before ischemia(group II), Amifostine 10 mg(0.2 mL) injection during ischemia through coronary artery(group III),and Amifostine 50 mg(1 mL) peritoneal injection 2 hrs before ischemia(group IV). The experimental parameters were the levels of latate, CK-MB, and adenosine deaminase(ADA) in frozen myocardium, the quantity of coronary flow,and left ventricular developed pressure, and it's dp/dt. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measured analysis of variance and student t-test. Result: The coronary flow of group II and IV were less than group I and III at equilibrium state but recovery of coronary flow at reperfusion state of group II, III, and IV were more increased compared with group I. The change of systolic left ventricular devoloping pressure of group II and IV were less than control group at equilibrium state, which seemed to be the influence of the pharmacological hypotensive effect of amifostine. But it was higher compared with group I at reperfusion state. The lactic acid contents of group II were less than control group in frozen myocardium.(Group I was 0.20 0.29 mM/g vs Group II, which was 0.10 0.11 mM/g). The quantity of CK-MB in myocardial tissue was highest in group IV (P=0.026 I: 120.0 97.8 U/L vs IV: 242.2 79.15 U/L). The adenosine deaminase contents in the coronary flow and frozen myocardium were not significantly different among each group. Conclusion: Amifostine seemed to have significant cardioprotective effect during ischemia and reperfusion injuries of myocardium.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.358-364
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• 2003

Gross energy intake fecal, nitrogen excretory and metabolized energy of snotted halibut juvenile, Eopsetta grigorjewi, fed on Tigriopus iaponicus (Group A) and the enriched Artemia nauplii (Group B), were quantitatively investigated and represented as balance equations of energy and material. Absorption efficiency (AE), gross conversion efficiency $(K_1)$ and net conversion efnciency $(K_2)$ were also estimated to understand the changes in efficiency by the prey Gross energy intake, fecal, nitrogen excretory, metabolized and growth energy of Group A were $2.790\pm0.247,\;0.495\pm0.046,\;0.018\pm0.003,\;0.214\pm0.047\;cal\;mg^{-1}\;day^{-1}$ and $2.063\;cal\;mg^{-1}\;day^{-1},$ respectively. The same parameters of Group B were $4.801\pm0.165,\;0.579\pm0.031,\;0.055\pm0.010,\;0.306\pm0.048\;cal\;mg^{-1}\;day^{-1}$ and $3.861\;cal\;mg^{-1}\;day^{-1},$ respectively. Energy budget of Group A and B were represented as 100 C= 7.67 M+17.7 F+0.65 U+73.94 G and 100C=6.37 M+ 12.1 F+1.15 U+80.42 G, respectively, where C, M, F, U, and G represent gross energy intake, metabolized energy, fecal energy, nitrogen excretory (non-fecal) energy and growth energy, respectively. AEs of Croup A and B were $81.52\pm1.89,\;86.79\pm0.70\%,$ respectively, with significant difference at p=0.01 level. However, $K_1\;and K_2$ of Group A and B showed no significant difference at p=0.01 level, with $74.21\pm6.57,\;80.48\pm2.76\%\;and\;91.17\pm7.26,\;92.74\pm2.69\%$ respectively. These results suggest that T. japonicus is a possible substitute for Artemia nauplii for the snotted halibut juvenile.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2015

${\beta}$-Glucosidase, which hydrolyzes cellobiose into two glucoses, plays an important role in the process of saccharification of the lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, we optimized the activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase of brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis pinicola KCTC 6208 using the response surface methodology (RSM) with various concentrations of glucose, yeast extract and ascorbic acid, which are the most significant nutrients for activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase. The highest activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase was achieved 3.02% of glucose, 4.35% of yeast extract, and 7.41% ascorbic acid where ascorbic acid was most effective. The maximum activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase predicted by the RSM was 15.34 U/mg, which was similar to the experimental value 14.90 U/mg at the 16th day of incubation. This optimized activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase was 23.6 times higher than the preliminary activity value, 0.63 U/mg, and was also much higher than previous values reported in other fungi strains. Therefore, a simplified medium supplemented with a cheap vitamin source, such as ascorbic acid, could be a cost effective mean of increasing ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.481-491
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• 2012

PURPOSE: This study find out the effect of improved two point discrimination (TPD), hand function and activities of daily living (ADL) performance through tactile stimulus of upper limb (U/L) in impaired characteristics of stroke METHODS: We selected 26 stroke patients in BMH who has problems with neglect, sensory and motor deficits. Patients were divided into 3 group with neglect group (NG), sensorimotor deficits group (SMG) and motor deficit group (MG). To compare each group we used assessment tools such as two point discrimination on affected side (TPDas) and unaffected side (TPDus), Manual functional test on affected side (MFTas) and unaffected side (MFTus) and Korean version modified barthel index (K-MBI). RESULTS: 1) In the NG, tactile stimulus on U/L was statistically important for TPDas (forearm, index finger tip) also SMG and MDG was statistically important for TPDas. 2) In the NG, SMG, there was statistically important for MFTas, MFTus and in the MG. K-MBI also was statistically importance. Among three group, there was an statistically important difference for TPTus (forearm, thenar, hypothenar), MFTas and MFTus. We analyzed the relationship among TPD, MFT and K-MBI and There was negative relationship between TPD, MFT and There was positive relationship between TPD and K-MBI CONCLUSION: In impaired characteristics of stroke patients, tactile stimulus on U/L influenced on two point discrimination, hand function and ADL's. And we also found relationship among somatosensory, hand function, and ADL performance.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.275-285
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• 2017

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an important signaling molecule. Here, the effect and mechanism of LPA on the preimplantation development of porcine embryos during in vitro culture (IVC) was examined. Porcine embryos were cultured in porcine zygote medium (PZM-3) supplemented with $30{\mu}M$ LPA during different days. There was a significantly higher cleavage rate in Day 1-7 and significantly higher total cell number of blastocysts in Day 1-3 and Day 4-7. It was also found that messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of PCNA, BCL2 and BAX in blastocysts obtained from D1-7 group were significantly higher and BCL2/BAX mRNA ratio in D1-3 group was significantly lower than control group but Day 4-7 and Day 1-7 groups were comparable with control group. Treatment with $20{\mu}M$ PLC inhibitor significantly decreased the embryo cleavage rate and blastocyst formation rate. Moreover, LPA as an activator of PLCs, enhanced the $30{\mu}M$ LPA + $20{\mu}M$ U73122 group embryo cleavage rate which similar with control group. In conclusion, the results suggest that treatment with LPA during IVC improves the porcine early embryo cleavage by activation of PLC signaling pathway and regulate the mRNA expression that contribute to total cell number of blastocysts during blastocyst formation.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2001

Objective : Clinical study of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy on $ch'{\check{o}}nch'u(ST25)$ for treatment of constipation Methods : Comparison study after the acupuncture and the moxibustion treatment to the 41 people who were visiting patients of Kwangdong Oriental Medicine Hospital between 10/1/2000 and 4/17/2001. Results : 21 patients turned out to be in the defecation group and 9 patients in the non-defecation group out of 30 patients who were treated by acupuncture among 41 patients(Defecation effect 70%). 7 patients turned out to be in the defecation group and 4 patients in the non-defecation group out of 11 patients who were treated by moxibustion among 41 patents(Defecation effect 63.64%). In the states of defecation in the group performed the acupuncture, the good excrements like soft and watery-soft consist in 30.4%. In the group performed moxibustion therapy occupied 45.5%. Comparatively the good excrements was shown. Conclusion : The patients who are excessive were more effective than those who are deficient in defecation by acupuncture treatment and the patients who are deficient were more effective than those who are excessive in defecation by moxibustion treatment.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2000

Purpose : Histopathologic observation was performed in order to determine which type of suture material is superior in microvascular anastomoses. Materials & Methods : The interrupted end to end anastomosis of the transected carotid arteries of 105 Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 180 to 200g, were performed using 9-0 polypropylene ($Prolene^{TM}$, Ethicon, U.K.), 9-0 polyglactin 910 monofilament($Vicryl^{TM}$, Ethicon, U.K.), and 9-0 polyamide($Ethilon^{TM}$, Ethicon, U.K.) under intramuscular Ketamine and Xylazine anesthesia(5mg/100g). In all cases, 10 to 12 sutures were placed to complete the anastomoses. The specimens were obtained at 1, 2, 3 days, and 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after the surgery and prepared with H&E and Van-Gieson stains and investigated the histologic changes in anastomotic sites under light microscope. The histologic changes we were concerned about were followings- thrombus formation, intimal edema, infiltration of inflammatory cells in media and adventitia, proliferation of endothelial cells and subintimal hyperplasia. Results : 1. All of the anastomosed arteries were patent when they were exposed for examination. 2. Thrombus formation and intimal edema were most severe in Vicryl group, followed by Ethilon, Prolene group in order. 3. The inflammatory cells infiltrated to the media and the adventitia most severely in Ethilon group, followed by Vicryl, Prolene group in order. 4. There was little difference in proliferation of endothelial cells in each group. 5. Subintimal hyperplasia was greater in Vicryl group than the others, but there was no significant difference between the Prolene and Ethilon groups. Conclusions : On the basis of these observations, we could conclude that Prolene may be the better suture material for microvascular anastomoses regarding the tissue responses than Ethilon and Vicryl.