• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.144-164
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• 1997

The purpose of this study were to investigate the chemical composition, mean particle size, linear thermal expansion coefficient and metal-bonding strength of the regular opaque powder and core powder. In this study, 4 types of ceramic powders, namely Duceram Jacket Opaque powder, Duceram Opaque powder, Vita Hi-Ceram powder, Vita VMK Paint On-88 powder were used. Chemical composition was evaluated by EDS(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrophotometer, Oxford QX-2000, England), particle size was measured by MALVERN Instruments(MALVERN Instruments SB. OC., U.S.A.. ad linear thermal expansion coefficient was measured by dilatometer(Motoyama, Japan). Bond strength was measured by the Universal tsting machine(Istron Co., Ltd., U.S.A.). The Results were as follows : 1. Through recognition of the relative difference in chemical composition between the core powder and the regular opaque powder, the difference in the proportion of $Al_2O_3$ in each type of material is demonstrated ; Duceram Jaket Opaque powder : 30.16%, Duceram Opaque powder : 16.60%, Vita Hi-Ceram : 63.64%, Vita VMK Paint-On 88 : 16.16%. 2. There was no significant difference in the proportion of metal-bonding materials between the core powder and the regular opaque powder. 3. In the regular opaque powder, alkaline materials were incoporated in order to increase the coefficient of thermal expansion. 4. In the particle size analysis, there was no significant difference in mean particle size or in the particle size distribution between the core powder and the regular opaque powder. 5. In the thermal expansion test for temperature range of $25-600^{\circ}C$, the regular opaque powder had higher coefficient of thermal expansion than that of core powder. 6. In the 4 point flexural bending test, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean bond strength between the core powder and the opaque powder among the Duceram products.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2015

Recently, because the market for compression wear now includes all consumers, not just professionals, various items for recovery after exercising or for enhanced effects from exercise have been introduced. In this research, a systematic and stepwise design process was proposed to develop compression garment that has both functional area and appropriate pressure to protect the knee when exercising. The U-V format functional area that wraps underneath the knee was selected by considering the shape and change in the skin length when bending the knee. After the selection of the functional area, a total of seven knee design areas, including the existing product, were designed to determine the appropriate pressure. After various movements, the compression garment was ranked in terms of support of the knee, level of pressure, discomfort of seam line, and comfort of popliteal; the preferred design was selected using the quad method. Four compression wear garments were produced using two selected preferred designs; the wear evaluation was performed using a seven-point Likert scale. As a result, the optimal reduction rate of the pattern was calculated based on Ziegert and Keil's method. The applied percentage of the fabric stretch at the upper part of the crotch was 66% for the width and 50% for the length; for the lower part of the crotch, only 66% for the width was applied. Moreover, it was determined that the design of the U-V knee protection part was preferred when a 7 mm square was placed at a 1 mm distance because this not only supports the knee but also allows the fabric to accommodate various skin deformations.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.235-244
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 고강도콘크리트와 SD600 철근을 적용한 특수모멘트골조의 최상층 접합부 내진성능을 파악하고자 한다. 실험체 중 K-RC-H는 내진규정에 따라 제작되었으며, K-HPFRC-H에는 횡보강근 간격을 150%로 증가시키면서 대신 강섬유를 부피비 1.0% 혼입하였다. K-RC-H, K-HPFRC-H 실험체 모두 주근이 파단하기 이전까지 내력 저하가 거의 없었고 에너지 소산능력 등에서 우수한 내진성능을 보였다. 접합부내의 U-bar는 보 주근이 휨과 함께 인장력을 받을 때 상부면으로 밀어내려는 현상을 충분히 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 SD600의 정착길이는 $1.25l_{dt}$가 확보되었는데 슬립거동이 거의 발생하지 않았다. 전반적으로 강섬유의 혼입은 휨강도 증가, 전단변형각 구속력 향상 등에 기여하였고, 강섬유 혼입률 1.0% 혼입함으로써 횡보강근 간격을 1.5배 증가시킬 수 있는 가능성을 실험적으로 확인하였다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2018

Recently various composite beams in which concrete is filled in the U-shaped steel plate have been developed for saving story height and reducing construction period. Due to the high flexural stiffness and strength, they are widely being used for the building with large loads and long spans. The semi-slim AU composite beam has proven to take highly improved stability compared to the existing composite beams, because it consists of the closed steel section by attaching cap-type shear connectors to the upper side of U-shaped steel plate. In this study the finite element analyses were performed to evaluate the safety of the AU composite beam with unconsolidated concrete which were sustained through the closed steel section during the construction phase. The analyses were performed on the two types of cross section applied to the fabrication of AU composite beams, and the results were compared to the those of 2-point bending tests. In addition, the flexural performance according to the space of intermittent cap-type shear connectors and the location of reinforcing steel bars for compression was comparatively investigated. Through the results of analytical studies, it is preferable to adopt the yield moment of AU composite beam for evaluating the safety in the construction phase, and to limit the space of intermittent shear connectors to 400 mm or less for the construction load.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2010

Since nuclear power plants are being operated under high temperature and high pressure, on-line monitoring technique to detect corrosion could be more effective than off-line method in shut-off period. In this operating condition, electrochemical noise method may be suitable to monitor the corrosion. This paper aims the analysis on the relation between the cracking and electrochemical noise signal of Alloy 600 under U-bending. When electrochemical noise monitoring technique was used during SCC test, it was judge to be obvious that if cracks generate, its generation can be detected by electrochemical current noise. Cracking-related noise was defined as the noise showing 5~10 times greater than the average value of background noise bands. On the base of crack noise, crack initiation time was determined. From SCC test and electrochemical noise monitoring in $25^{\circ}C$, 0.1 M $Na_2S_4O_6$ solution (Reverse U-Bended Alloy 600 SE+), average crack initiation time was obtained as 9,046 seconds and from its initiation time, it could be defined that net crack propagation rate is the crack length divided by ${\Delta}T$(= total test period - crack initiation time). Therefore, average net crack propagation rate was obtained to be $1.18{\times}10^{-9}\;m/s$.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.41-58
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 항만공사에 이용되는 앵커로 지지된 널말뚝의 내진설계를 위한 해석방법의 제시가 이루어 졌다. 제시된 해석방법은 지진하중시의 동수압을 포함하였으며, 침투에 의한 영향을 고려할 경우에도 적용이 가능하다. 또한 적용범 위는 모래 및 점성토(c-0 soil)로 이루어진 지반의 경우이고, 자유지지법을 토대로 하였다. 아울러, 널말뚝 양쪽면의 수위차, 앵커의 위치, 벽마찰각, 준설저면의 경사각, 부착력, 점착력 등이 근입깊이, 앵커하중 및 최대모멘트에 미치는 영향을 제시된 해석방법을 토대로 분석하였다. 이외에도 서로 다른 안전율 정의에 관한 비교 및 내진설계시의 유의 사항에 대한 검토가 이루어 졌다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.658-664
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• 2013

Bending actuators composed of cellulose with an electrically conducting polymer (CP) are fabricated and their performance is characterized in the air. Two different counter ions, perchlorate and tetrafluoroborate are used as dopant ions in the polyaniline CP processing. CP-cellulose-CP trilayer and CP-cellulose bilayer samples are fabricated with different dopant ions, and their actuation performance is evaluated in terms of tip displacement, blocked force and electrical power consumption along with the humidity level and actuation frequency. The trilayer samples substantially enhanced the tip displacement compared to the bilayer ones. The actuation performance of the trilayer actuator is three times better than that of original cellulose electro-active paper (EAPap) actuator. The displacement and blocked force of CP-EAPap actuators are dependent on the humidity and frequency.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제20권A호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2000

It is desirable but difficult to predict springback quantitatively and accurately for successful tool and process design in sheet stamping operations. The result of springback analysis by the finite element method (FEM) is sensitively influenced by numerical factors such as blank element size, number of integration points, punch velocity, contact algorithm, etc. In the present work, a parametric study by Taguchi method is performed in order to evaluate the influence of numerical factors on the result of springback analysis quantitatively and to obtain the combination of numerical factors which gives the best approximation to experimental data. Since springback is determined by the residual stress after forming process, it is important to evaluate stress distribution accurately. The oscillation in the time history curve of stress obtained by the dynamic-explicit finite element method says that the stress solution at termination time is in very unstable state. Therefore, a variability study is also carried out in this study in order to assess the stability of implicit springback analysis starting from the stress solution by explicit forming simulation. The U-draw bending process, one of the NUMISHEET '93 benchmark problems, is adopted as an application model because it is most popular one for evaluating the springback characteristic.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2008

The reinforcing steel process is composed of the development of placing drawing, cutting and bending, and the placement and fabrication of the reinforcement, and is participated in by reinforcement detailer, the fabricator and placer. Because the reinforcing steel process-from estimating and rebar detailing, to production, material tracking, billing, and general accounting-is conducted by many participant, reinforcement details based on building code and reinforcing bar detailing standards are essential. The process, however, holds some problems. Building code has been revised recently, and the utilization of placing drawings was proved to be low, and the reinforcement estimating in early stage of the process is below what is required for placement. Therefore, in this study, a survey was conducted to the reinforcement detailer, the fabricator and placer of domestic construction industry. According to the analysis of the survey, the reinforcement details on site was not standardized. The improvement in reinforcing steel detailing standards was sought by analyzing the results of the survey including reinforcement constructability.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제10권4호통권37호
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• pp.789-799
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• 1998

본 연구의 목적은 CFT-기둥과H-형강보의 볼트를 이용한 접합부의 형식을 제안하는 데 있다. 본 연구에서는 직선형, 굽힘형, U자형, 기성제품 고장력 볼트를 이용한 아홉가지 형식의 접합부를 제안하였다. 이 아홉가지의 접합부 형식에 대하여 단순 인장 실험을 수행하였으며, 이 실험 결과에 의해 성능이 우수한 형태를 선정하여 단순 휨 실험을 수행하였다. 그리고 단순 휨 실험을 통해 보-기둥 접합부의 구조적인 거동을 비교 분석하였다. 단순 휨 실험의 분석 결과, 휨 접합부의 구조성능은 상당히 우수한 것으로 나타났으나 시공시 해결되어야 할 사항들이 남아 있는 것으로 나타났다.