• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.275-290
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• 2005

This study investigates whether previous experiences in the labor market such as previous employment type and job type are related to the economic status and poverty in the elderly in Korea. Previous studies are limited in explaining the causes of poverty by using only the proxy variables such as age, marital status, and gender to classify the poverty status of the elderly after poverty has been identified. Therefore little is known about how the economic well-being after retirement is interrelated with previous job experiences in the labour market. The results indicate that the last job type and type of employment are significant predictors for the economic status of elderly. Job type in the labour market is critical for the lifetime economic status of an individual. These findings imply that we might need to reconsider the current public pension system which directly relates the benefit level to the amount of contribution. A system introducing a basic pension or a minimum pension benefit based on the citizenship or residence might be an alternative worth to consider.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.39-52
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• 1998

This study is to find the relation between role performance on employed wives and husbands in family and family life contribution family life satisfaction and to found out variables which influence them. The samples were selected from the employed wives with children more than one in Seoul. Among 900 respondents 684 employed wives were finally selected as data. The major results are as follows: 1) Their husbands' role performance was affected by the level of communica-tion support from family members to their employment and that their own role performance was affected by the level of sex role attitude the level of communication degree of resourcefulness recognition and support from family members to their employment. 2) They contribution to family life was affected by type of wive's occupation sex role attitude job satisfaction husbands' role as spouse performance wive's role as spouse performance parent's role and economic role. 3) Influential variables on the degree of famil life satisfaction were income the level of communication the degree of resourcefulness recognition support from family members to their employment job satisfaction wive's role as parent and contribution to self·child-care However their contribution to housework was adversely affected family life satisfaction.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.396-405
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to reduce safety accidents among food employees in contracted foodservice management companies, and to help provide high-quality foodservice and assistance. For this, a survey on the different opinions of workplace safety and education by employment type and employee perceptions of environment and safety at foodservice operations was carried out. The analysis showed that among the workers many women were irregular employees. For average age, between 40 and 49 was the most frequent, and for work duration, under one year was highest. Both regular employees and irregular employees deemed "enough staff" as the most major factor for good foodservice. The regular employees and irregular employees thought "high indoor temperatures and poor ventilation in the kitchen area" and "bad work cooperation between employees" as the main problems of foodservice operations, respectively. For satisfaction with the efficiency of foodservice production system, irregular employees had higher satisfaction than regular employees. Both regular employees and irregular employees thought "the number of foodservice employees" as the foremost improvement for safety-accident prevention and work-stress improvements. Regular employees, more than irregular employees, thought improvements in foodservice production systems would have a large affect on safety-accident prevention and work-stress improvements of food workers. Both regular employees and irregular employees thought "foodservice employees' safety consciousness" was an important part of safety-accident prevention. Likewise, they responded that "lectures by the person in charge of safety education" was a good methods of safety education, and "once a month" was the best period for safety education. For the difference in perceptions of environment and safety in foodservice systems, regular employees had a higher perception of safety than irregular employees.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.104-112
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the contribution of emotional labor (surface acting, deep acting) and organizational commitment (affective commitment, continuance commitment) to turnover intention and customer orientation of school foodservice dietitian. Methods: Our survey was administered to 393 school foodservice dietitian in the Busan area on February 11, 2014. Results: For verification of mean differences, the mean scores for surface acting, deep acting, affective commitment, and continuance commitment were found to be 2.53/5.00, 3.71, 2.88, and 3.57, respectively. The mean surface acting score was significantly different according to age (p<0.001), total length of career as a dietitian (p<0.01), school type (p<0.001), and employment status (p<0.05). The mean deep acting and turnover intention scores were significantly different according to age (p<0.001), total length of career as a dietitian (p<0.001), school type (p<0.001), employment status (p<0.001), and no. of meals served (p<0.001). The mean customer orientation score was significantly different according to age (p<0.05), employment status (p<0.01), and number of work hour (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation (p<0.01) between turnover intention and surface acting and continuance commitment, but a negative correlation (p<0.01) with deep acting and affective commitment. Also, there was a positive correlation (p<0.01) between customer orientation and deep acting, affective commitment, but a negative correlation (p<0.01) with surface acting. Affective commitment had a negative influence on turnover intention (${\beta}=-0.444$, p<0.001), but surface acting had a positive influence on turnover intention (${\beta}=0.110$, p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that management of affective commitment is essential for decreasing turnover intention. Therefore, emotional labor and organizational commitment of school foodservice dietitians should be managed from the school foodservice organizational viewpoint of The Ministry of Education.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.87-101
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to identify the current status of the working poor and the factors that are influential to the working poor among echo boomers. This study is a secondary analysis using the data from the 7th analysis of the 2012 Korea Welfare Panel Survey, conducted by Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. This analysis considered Korean echo boomers born between 1979 and 1985. In our final analysis, we used 1,226 echo boomers who had the ability to work. For the analysis, the SAS/PC statistical program ver. 9.3 was utilized. The research findings are as follows; Firstly, of the working poor among the echo boomers, only 22% were in the state of poverty. Secondly, more echo boomers living in a metropolitan city, city, gun/urban-rural area and district than those in the Seoul were categorized as among the working poor; the same was true for those who lived in a free house than in a leased room or a room that was rented by the month. Thirdly, more echo boomers whose education level was high school graduate or less rather than college graduate or less or university graduate or more were categorized as among the working poor; this was also true for echo boomers whose employment type was temporary employment, self-employment, or unemployment rather than a full-time job.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.171-190
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• 1991

This study focused on time use and the influencing factors of employed wives. Its aims are specified as follows.:1) to figure out the tendency of time use spent on a holiday and weekday by employed wives ; (2) to find out factors influencing the amount of time in each domain spent on each day. The samples were composed for 396 employed wives living in Seoul and Kwangju city who had the eldest child less than 18years old. were sampled based on their work kind, work status, and residential quarter. The results are as follows; 1) Employed wives spend 423 minutes a weekday, and 513 minutes a holiday on the sleep and 522 minutes(weekday ), 618 minutes (holiday) on the total Physiological time 599 minutes (weekday), 72 minutes(holiday) were devoted to the employed time. compared to 214 minutes. 395 minutes for the housework Finally 103 minutes and 349 minutes were assigned to leisure time. Compared with the research results in Japan and the United States, this shows large difference. Korean wives; work time is excessively too long while the time for leisure and psysiological time is too short, which means the life style of Korean wives ti too simple and monotonous. 2) Social demographic variables(such as work status, education, income, wive's relative income rate, family type. family number, the younger child's age, and etc. )and variables connected with employment (such as employed work time and employment motivation) significantly differentiate the time use. A wive with higher education, employment status, and income level, spends more time for the psysiological , leisure time, and manegerial housework time, while spending less time for work and physical housework.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.251-274
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• 2007

Although linkages between poverty and disability are often noted, until recently they have not been systematically examined in Korea. Many people with disabilities tend to become poorer because they lack access to jobs. And income support programs are not sufficient. But more severe is people with disabilities in labor market tend to be poor. The purposes of this study were to explore the characteristics of working poor with disabilities and to identify the major determinants of poverty. For this, '2005 Survey on the Workers With Disabilities' was used. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, logistic regression. The results showed that gender, age, education level, marital status, region where they live, the number of the household member, the severity of disability, the onset of disability are significant predictors in determining their poverty status. Also employment status, occupation type, industry type, numbers of years in current job are major determinants of their poverty status. Finally, based on these results several policy implications were presented.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.49-57
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• 2013

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.57-68
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• 2022

This study investigates what influences the 2030 households' intention to utilize housing support policies for the younger generation. Using the logistic regression model, our empirical results show that the 'the recognition of youth housing support projects', 'the housing occupation', 'employment type', 'housing type', and 'age' factors have a significant effect on the intention to use the housing support policies. Specifically, the intention is positively associated with economic activity, one-room residence, monthly rent, employment status during the Covid-19 period, and policy recognition, while negatively related to age. In addition, willingness to use the housing support policies is greater when respondents lived in a studio, lived on a monthly rent, recognized the policy, and improved their employment status. The results suggest that housing support programs need to be expanded and improved. Moreover, information on housing support policies should be efficiently delivered to eligible households, and more sophisticated housing support policies should be provided for young people early in their careers.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.104-111
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• 2010

The complete avoidance of cavitation, as a result of gap flow between the fixed and movable portion of a horn type rudder system, is difficult. To reduce gap flow, it is a common practice to attach a half round prismatic bar that protrudes beyond the concave surface of the horn facing the gap and laid along the centerplane of the rudder. However the employment of such a device does not always yield satisfactory results. Previously, the authors have shown that a pair of blocking bars, attached on the convex surface of the movable portion, better enhance the blocking ability of gap flow to that of a single centre bar installed on the concave surface. This also circumvents difficulties that might occur in practical applications. In the present study, a series of numerical computations show that flow injected into the gap of a rudder may also block the flow within, without employment of any physical devices, such as a half circular bar. This study also shows that the combination of flow injection and blocking bars may result in the synergic augmentation of blocking efficiency of gap flow, as demonstrated in computations for a three dimensional rudder system.