• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.24 no.11
• /
• pp.235-243
• /
• 2019

Universities are opening related majors and subjects to nurture the problem-solving fusion that businesses want. The time has come when rapid technological. On this thesis, we analyzed three years (2017-2019) of survey result of Women University students in order to figuring out and dealing with the change in 4th industrial revolution and intellectual information technology. It turns out that 1) there was an increase of interest in 4th industrial revolution from 59% in 2017 to 80% in 2019, 2) IoT, ICT, Artificial Intelligence, and Education Research System became top priority in technical strategy, 3)the prime keyword is AI, robot, job, 4)the expectation on increasing of the opportunity and the number of jobs in science technology field was 50%, 5)the importance of universities and companies was 50%, 80% each, 6) the information needed for science technology were educational discipline, change in future science, prospective future information in order, and 7)the most needed education were education on creativity, coding, cross-subject, engineering in order. In the era of the fourth industrial revolution, it is essential to expand the SW manpower base in various fields. University education, which should provide connectivity for super-fusion, should provide curriculum optimized for industrial demands such as, fusion and connected education, creative thinking, self-directed problem solving and etc.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.278-293
• /
• 2019

The joint distribution of wave height and period has been maltreated despite of its great engineering value due to the absence of any analytical model for wave period, and as a result, no consensus has been reached about the effect of nonlinearity on these joint distribution. On the other hand, there was a great deal of efforts to study the effects of non-linearity on the wave height distribution over the last decades, and big strides has been made. However, these achievements has not been extended to the joint distribution of wave height and period. In this rationale, we first express the joint distribution of wave height and period as the product of the marginal distribution of wave heights with the conditional distribution of associated periods, and proceed to derive the joint distribution of wave heights and periods utilizing the models of Longuet-Higgins (1975, 1983), and Cavanie et al. (1976) for conditional distribution of wave periods, and height distribution derived in this study. The verification was carried out using numerically simulated data based on the Wallops spectrum, and the nonlinear wave data obtained via the numerical simulation of random waves approaching toward the uniform beach of 1:15 slope. It turns out that the joint distribution based on the height distribution for finite banded nonlinear waves, and Cavanie et al.'s model (1976) is most promising.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.141-146
• /
• 2007

A new class of LC-resonator for micro magnetic sensor device was invented and fabricated by means of MEMS technique. The micro LC-resonator consists of a solenoidal micro-inductor with a bundle of soft magnetic microwire cores and a capacitor connected in parallel to the micro-inductor. The core magnetic material is a tiny glass coated $Co_{83.2}B_{3.3}Si_{5.9}Mn_{7.6}$ microwire fabricated by a glasscoated melt spinning technique. The core materials were annealed at various temperatures $150^{\circ}C,\;200^{\circ}C\;,250^{\circ}C\;,$ and $300^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour in a vacuum to improve soft magnetic properties. The solenoidal micro-inductors fabricated by MEMS technique were $500{\sim}1,000{\mu}m$ in length with $10{\sim}20$ turns. The changes of inductance as a function of external magnetic field in micro-inductors with properly annealed microwire cores were varied as much as 370%. Since the permeability of ultra soft magnetic microwire is changing rapidly as a function of external magnetic field. The inductance ratio as well as magnetoimpedance ratio (MIR) in a LC-resonator was varied drastically as a function of external magnetic field. The MIR curves can be tuned very precisely to obtain maximum sensitivity. A prototype magnetic sensor device consisting of the developed microinductors with a multivibrator circuit was test successfully.

• Journal of Science Education
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.105-117
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the gender differences of elementary, junior high, and high school students in the artificial intelligence ethics awareness (hereinafter referred to as AIEA). This is a study to investigate whether there is a gender difference in the AIEA, and if so, when the gender difference will occur. This study was conducted with 198 elementary school students (98 female students, 100 male students), 265 middle school students (166 female students, 99 male students), and 114 high school students (58 female students and 56 male students) in I Metropolitan City. The results are as follows: First, a gender difference in the AIEA between all boys and girls was confirmed. Second, the gender difference in the AIEA tended to be solidified as the school age increased from elementary school to middle school and high school. Third, female students at all stages of elementary school, junior high school, and high school are not yet very reliable in artificial intelligence, and there is a greater concern about non-discrimination than boys. It turns out that they have a negative position on permission to enter the territory. Fourth, the interaction effects of school age and gender have been identified in 'stability and reliability,' and in 'permit and limit' categories. Taken together, these results show that an educational strategy that approaches the gender equality perspective of the educational program is necessary so that there will be no gender difference in the AIEA during artificial intelligence education activities.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.101-121
• /
• 2018

This paper studies the influence of multinational R&D Labs' expansion motives on their business performance and the mediating effect of the level of control on this motive-performance relationship. Through an in-depth study of the relevant literature, the expansion motives can be divided into four general types. The first is called a market factor in the sense that the purpose of their expansion is to secure potential markets and customers in China. The second is called a resource factor; their purpose is to obtain excellent technology and a workforce from the country. The third is called an institution factor. An example is the case of R&D Labs advancing into China to make the best of its institutional advantages such as the government's benefits, related policies, and incentive articles. The last is called a strategic factor and indicates the case where they go into China for the purpose of competing in the market, considering it as a major strategic place. The companies' control level on their R&D Labs was measured for each item. According to the empirical analysis on the relevance of their control level and expansion motives, it turns out that giving a free hand to the Labs which pursue market, institutional, and strategic factors is more desirable than highly controlling them. This is because they should be familiar with the local business environment in consideration of those companies' objectives. In light of the mediating effects of the control level on expansion motives and business performance, the R&D Labs pursuing resource factors seem to need their headquarters' control to make the best use of the high-end technology obtained in the country. The companies pursuing strategic factors seem to hold a dominant position and perform more competitively when their headquarters control the Labs more tightly.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.55-76
• /
• 2010

This paper analyses interaction between yen/dollar exchange rates and NIKKEI index using bivariate GJR-GARCH(1,1) model. The data employed for the study is daily data series for the period of Jan. 4, 1995 through Aug. 30, 2009. One of main findings is that market inefficiency appears in the periods of financial crisis. Second, the volatility of exchange rates and stock returns has more increased in the wake of the volatility shock of the previous period during financial crisis than during non-financial crisis. Third, interestingly, the asymmetric volatility shock by bad news in those markets is bigger in financial crisis period than in non financial crisis. Fourth, in the period of current global financial crisis triggered by subprime mortgage crisis in U.S, volatility shock at the previous period is bigger than that of Asian financial crisis that happened in 1997. Lastly, the correlation between both returns of exchange rates and stock prices turns up positive according to the empirical estimation. This result may come from the fact that Japanese stock market does not have much attraction for international financial investment compared to stock markets of neighbouring countries like China, Korea and so on, while real sector's contribution to the economy is considered more importantly.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.51 no.12
• /
• pp.1247-1260
• /
• 2018

This study investigated the effect of arctic oscillation by analyzing the cross-correlation characteristics between the arctic oscillation index (AOI) and the number of typhoons occurred in the North Pacific, the number of typhoons affecting South Korea, total rainfall amount and number of rainy days during the monsoon season in South Korea. For this analysis, the monthly AOI data were transformed into the average data about January and seasonal AOI data representing winter, spring, fall and winter. The typhoon data and monsoon data were all those collected annually. The data period for this analysis was determined to be from 1961 to 2016 by considering the data available. Based on this analysis, it was found that the arctic oscillation has a weak but statistically significant effect on the monsoon characteristics of South Korea. However, the level of effect was not consistent over the data period but varied significantly periodically. For example, the cross-correlation coefficient derived for the recent 10 years was estimated to be higher than 0.8, but was simply insignificant during the 30 years before the last decade. The overall effect of arctic oscillation on the occurrence of typhoon was found to be statistically insignificant, but was also fluctuating periodically to show somewhat significant effect. Finally, it should be mentioned that the effect of arctic oscillation on the typhoon and monsoon had been changing by turns from 1960s to 2000s. However, in the 2010s, it happened that the effect of arctic oscillation has become significant on both typhoon and monsoon in South Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.419-425
• /
• 2019

The objective of this study was to investigate the cooling performance characteristics of a hybrid refrigeration system in a heavy duty vehicle. The tested hybrid refrigeration system had additionally an electric compressor besides the present mechanical compressor for selective use according to the operating conditions. The applied electric compressor was a scroll type and with 18.0 cc displacement. In order to analyze the performance characteristics of the hybrid refrigeration system with respect to the cooling capacity and Coefficient of Performance (COP), other components, including two different types of compressors, were installed and tested under various operating conditions such as compressor speed and air flow rate of the evaporator. When the electric compressor was operated at 4,500 rev/min, the cooling capacity was about 4.0kW and COP was 3.5. When the mechanical compressor was operated, whereas the cooling capacity was higher than the electric controlled compressor, COP was lower due to the larger displacement and higher power consumption. To analyze the hybrid system operating characteristics due to reasonable cooling capacity with electric compressor operation, the mechanical compressor and electric compressor were operated by turns every 10 minutes under certain system operating conditions. Because surge pressure occurred when both compressors were switched on, the operating strategy required some time to balance the system pressure.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.44-57
• /
• 2019

It is crucial to understand how people make decisions on mode choice and to accurately predict their behaviors in transportation planning. One of avenues for advancing modeling is, in particular, taking into account for taste heterogeneity in modeling that can incorporate different decision-making processes across group. In this study, we hypothesize that how people make decisions on mode choice would differ by destination in that land use characteristics are heterogeneous by zone even if zones are all in the same area. To this end, we apply Latent Class Modeling (LCM) to commute trips in Seoul by using 2010 household travel diary survey, investigate types of latent classes with the aid of characteristics of destination, and analyze how those classes differently response to factors. The LCM identifies two classes: in the first one, modal split of auto and public transit (bus and metro) is almost half-and-half and the trip destinations are characterized by relatively more residence facilities and less business/commercial facilities; in the second one, public transit has a notably high share and trip destinations are characterized by relatively more business/commercial facilities. In addition, it turns out that demographic and socio-economic variables affect mode choice differently by class.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.555-566
• /
• 2018

Two rhizobacteria Bacillus aryabhattai H26-2 and B. siamensis H30-3 were evaluated whether they are involved in stress tolerance against drought and high temperature as well as fungal infections in Chinese cabbage plants. Chinese cabbage seedlings cv. Ryeokgwang (spring cultivar) has shown better growth compared to cv. Buram-3-ho (autumn cultivar) under high temperature conditions in a greenhouse, whilst there was no difference in drought stress tolerance of the two cultivars. In vitro growth of B. aryabhattai H26-2 and B. siamensis H30-3 were differentially regulated under PEG 6000-induced drought stress at different growing temperatures (30, 40 and $50^{\circ}C$). Pretreatment with B. aryabhattai H26-2 and B. siamensis H30-3 enhanced the tolerance of Chinese cabbage seedlings to high temperature, but not to drought stress. It turns out that only B. siamensis H30-3 showed in vitro antifungal activities and in planta crop protection against two fungal pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and Colletotrichum higginsianum causing black spots and anthracnose on Chinese cabbage plants cv. Ryeokgwang, respectively. B. siamensis H30-3 brings several genes involved in production of cyclic lipopeptides in its genome and secreted hydrolytic enzymes like chitinase, protease and cellulase. B. siamensis H30-3 was found to produce siderophore, a high affinity iron-chelating compound. Expressions of BrChi1 and BrGST1 genes were up-regulated in Chinese cabbage leaves by B. siamensis H30-3. These findings suggest that integration of B. aryabhattai H26-2 and B. siamensis H30-3 in Chinese cabbage production system may increase productivity through improved plant growth under high temperature and crop protection against fungal pathogens.