• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.38-44
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• 1990

This study was carried out to produce superior dairy cattle by embryo transfer. Seven dairy cows were superovulated with divided injection of FSH 4Omg for 5 days started on day 9 to 14 of the estrus cycle and injection of PGF$_2$$\alpha$ 45mg on day 4 of FSH injection. Donor cows were flushed to collect embryos on day 7 or 8 of the estrus cycle. Fresh embryos collected were transferred to synchronized dairy recipients or frozen using glycerol 3 step method to he equilibrated. And 35 embryos which were frozen using glycerol 6 step method were imported from U.S.A. After glycerol dilution of frozen embryos was done by reverse density during freezing. frozen-thawed embryos were transferred to synchronized dairy or beef recipients. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Total of 24 embryos were collected from 7 donor cows flushed and transferable embryos were 18 (75.0%). 2. Among 24 embryos. morula, early blastocyst, blastocyst, expanded blastocyst and unfertilized ova were 3 (12.5%), 1 (4.2%), 10 (41.6%), 4 (16.7%) and 6 (25.0%), respectively. 3. Heat inducing rate after 1st and 2nd injections of PGF$_2$$\alpha$ in Holstein and beef cattle was 83.3% and 71.4% and 62.5% and 69.2%, respectively. 4. Among 56 recipients, 23 head were pregnant (41.1%). The pregnancy rate of fresh embryos was 50.0% (1/2 heads) and the pregnancy rate of frozen embryos which were frozen using glycerol 3 step and using glycerol 6 step imported from U.S.A. was 52.6%(l0/19 heads) and 34.3%(12/35 heads), respectively. 5. The pregnancy rate of blastocyst (60.0%) was higher than that of morula (39.0%), early blastocyst (25.0%) and expanded blastocyst (0%). 6. The pregnancy rate of grade I embryos (52.2%) was higher than that of grade 2 (34.6%) and grade 3 (28.6%). 7. The pregnancy rate according to synchrony of recipient with donor was higher in simultaneous recipient (55.0%) and +l2hrs' (53.8%) than -24hrs' (23.5%), -l2hrs' (20.0%) and +24hrs' (0%).

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1988

An observational study was conducted to evaluate the effect of anterior pituitary gonadtropin on super-ovulation in donors, embryo quality, development stage of embryo, transfer location, corpus luteum quality of recipient, ease of transfer and induced versus natural estrus on pregnancy rates. The data were collected from 451 non-surgical transfers of fresh and frozen bovine embryos. 1. The average number of CL, formed in ovaries which were stimulated with follicular stimulating hormone, and/or APG, were 11. 1${\pm}$1.21, 12.3${\pm}$1.84, respectively. The numbers of embryos recovered were 8.2${\pm}$1.35, 8.7${\pm}$ 1.39, and the numbers of transferable embryos were 6.4${\pm}$0.98. 6.6${\pm}$1.01. respectively. 2 There was no effect of spontaneous versus prostaglandin-induced estrus of recipients on pregnany rates of either fresh (61.5% vs. 59.5%) or previously frozen(54.5% vs. 58.5%) embryos. 3. There were significant differences(p<0.05) in pregnancy rates for embryo grade 1(63.6%), grade 2 (45.4%) and grade 3 (30.4％) in fresh group and for grade-1 (60.5%), grade-2 (47.8%) and grade-3 (18.1%) in previously frozen embryos. 4. The recipients transfered with embryo morulae were found to have a lower (p<0.05) pregnancy rates than those transfered with embryos of blastocyst in be th fresh and previously frozen embryos. 5. There was no significant difference between transfer locations in pregnancy rates using both fresh and frozen embryos. 6. Attempts to select recipients for high pregnancy rates on the basis of corpus luteum (CL) quality were performed. CL were classified into 3 quality grades, on the basis of size and prominence. Quality grades 1 and 2 group had higher (p<0.05) pregnancy rates than grade-3 group using both fresh and frozen embryos. 7 Ease of transfer was ranked to a scale of one to three on the basis of increasing difficulty (time required). Transfers ranted as ease score 1 and 2 had significantly higher (P<0.05) pregnancy pregnancy rates (45.8%, 66.6%) than ease score 3 (27.7%, 31.8%) using both fresh and frozen embryos respectively.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2000

This study was conducted to enhance the efficiency of embryo transfer and embryos produced in vitro according to select good quality blastocyst among in vivo or in vitro produced embryos. After middle blastocys(MB) and late blastocyst(LB) stages embryos that developed in vitro for 7∼8 days were treated hypertonic solution(380 mOsm or 600 mOsm) and the rate of development to hatched blastocyst(HB) was examined. The results obtained were summarized as follows: The proportion of embryos developed to HB was higher than that of control regardless of hypertonic solution treatment. However, it was related to culture time in hypertonic solution The propotrion of embryos developed to HB of morphologically recovered embryos in 380 nOsm solution ws higher than that of morphologically shrinked embryos. However, treatment time was not significantly different the rates of HB development. Especially, the proportion of embryos developed to HB of morphologically recovered embryos of the 30-min-treated group was significantly higher than that of control (p<0.05). The results suggest that hypertonic solution treatment should enhance the efficiency for criterion of transferable blastocyst quality.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.225-238
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• 2022

The ultimate goal of human assisted reproductive technology is to achieve a healthy pregnancy and birth, ideally from the selection and transfer of a single competent embryo. Recently, techniques for efficiently evaluating the state and quality of preimplantation embryos using time-lapse imaging systems have been applied. Artificial intelligence programs based on deep learning technology and big data analysis of time-lapse monitoring system during in vitro culture of preimplantation embryos have also been rapidly developed. In addition, several molecular markers of the secretome have been successfully analyzed in spent embryo culture media, which could easily be obtained during in vitro embryo culture. It is also possible to analyze small amounts of cell-free nucleic acids, mitochondrial nucleic acids, miRNA, and long non-coding RNA derived from embryos using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or digital PCR, as well as next-generation sequencing. Various efforts are being made to use non-invasive evaluation of embryo quality (NiEEQ) to select the embryo with the best developmental competence. However, each NiEEQ method has some limitations that should be evaluated case by case. Therefore, an integrated analysis strategy fusing several NiEEQ methods should be urgently developed and confirmed by proper clinical trials.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2009

본 연구는 고능력 유우 공란우의 이용 효율을 극대화하기 위하여 체내 수정란 생산을 위한 다배란 처리의 결과에 미치는 요인을 분석하여 안정적이고 효율적인 다배란 처리 방법을 제시하기 위한 목적으로 실시하였다. 공란우의 다배란 처리는 발정 주기 $10{\sim}13$일째 POLLTROPIN-V(Vetrepharm, Canada) 400mg NIH-FSH-P를 4일간 12시간 간격으로 감량법에 따라서 주사를 하였다. 호르몬 주사 6, 7회 째 황체 융해 및 발정 유도를 위하여 $PGF_2{\alpha}$(Estron, Czech Republic)를 근육 주사하였으며, 승가 허용 발정을 보인 공란우는 발정으로부터 12h, 24h에 2회 인공수정을 실시하였다. 수정란 회수는 발정으로부터 7.5일에 실시하여 전체 회수 수정란 중에서 이식가능 수정란을 구별하였다. 실험의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 유생 산량에 따른 회수 수정란 수와 이식 가능 수정란 수는 각 군간의 유의적인 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 2. 분만 후 경과 일수에 따른 회수 수정란 수와 이식 가능 수정란 수는 분만 후 $61{\sim}90$일이나 $121{\sim}150$일 사이에 채란을 실시한 경우가 분만 후 $91{\sim}120$일 혹은 151일 이상에서 채란한 경우보다 낮았으나 군간의 유의적인 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 3. 계절에 따른 회수 수정란 수와 이식 가능 수정란 수는 다른 계절과 비교하여 여름철에 가장 낮았으나 계절에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 이상의 결과로 보아 고능력 유우 공란우를 다배란 처리 할 때는 유생산량이나 분만 후 경과 일수 혹은 계절에 관계없이 채란을 실시할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.203-210
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• 1999

In this stuyd, the effect of the dominant follicle aspiration for the superovulatory response in HanWoo was investigated. The criterion for the presence or absence of a dominant follicle based on their morphological examination. The dominant follicle was aspirated 48hr before the onset of superovulation treatment by 6.5MHz convex probe connected with a carrier and superovulation induced by FSH (Super-Ov Tyrer, Texas, U.S.A) adminstered twic a day s.c. over 4 day in a decreasing regimen. From 13 HanWoo scanned daily to determine the presence and growth of the dominant follicle, its an average diameter of 15.4mm was measured and an average diameter of corpora lutea was 18.7mm on day of follicular aspiration. In the experiment, a follicular remove by ultrasound-guided aspiration, the ovarian response was significantly enhanced when animals were superovulated in the aspiation of a dominant follicle compare with animals superovulated non-aspiration of a dominat follicle. In the aspiration of a dominant follicle donors yieleded more corpora lutea(14.4$\pm$4.7 vs 8.6$\pm$3.4) and transferable embryos(8.9$\pm$4.2 vs 5.4$\pm$2.7) than control. In cows in which the dominant follicle had been aspirated under sonographical control 2 days before superovuation, the number of corpus lutea and transferable embryos were significantly enhanced compared with animals superovulated in the presence of a dominant follicle (14.4$\pm$4.7 vs 6.9$\pm$2.7, ; 8.9$\pm$4.2 vs 3.3$\pm$1.6). After 7 days of artificial insemination, the embryos at 7 days were cllected by uterine flushing after dominant follicle insemination, the embryos at 7 days were collected by uterine flushing after dominant follicle aspiration and superovulation treatment, and evaluated their quality by morphological criteria. Sixteen embryos with excellent and good grade were transferred into 8 recipient cows. Six pregnancies were identified at 60 and 120 days of gestation by rectal palpations. In conclusion, the present study showed that 1) the presence or absence of a dominant follicle signficicnatly affects superovulatory responses, and 2) ultrasound-guided follicular aspiration of the dominant follicle and superovuation treatment provides an accurate and procedure to increase ovarian responses in HanWoo.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 1999

To establish the optimal culture systems for production of transferable embryos in Korean Cattle, pregnancy rates of IVF-derived blastocysts according to different culture media, culture method and culture duration were compared. Development of IVF-derived embryos to blastocysts was most effective in YS medium group co-cultre with cumulus cells. Blastocysts cultured for 6 to 8 d in vitro showed higher hatching rate and good quality. Pregnancy rates after transfer of IVF-derived blastocysts cultured for 7 or 8 d were high. Through our experiments, it is considered that improvement of culture media and culture method is necessary for mass production of blastocysts with excellent of good quality in Korean Cattle.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.207-212
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• 1998

본 연구는 한우에 있어서 다배란처리에 의한 체내 정상수정란의 생산효율을 극대화하기 위하여 PEG에 용해한 FSH의 1회 피하주사 방법이 현재 사용하고 있는 1일 2회 4일간 근육 주사방법을 대체할 수 있는지를 결정하기 위하여 실시하였다. 연구결과 다회 근육주사 방법과 비교하여 1회 피하주사 방법이 황체수, 총 회수란수 및 이식가능 수정란수에 있어서 현저히 증가 (P〈0.05)하였다. 따라서 한우에 있어서 PEG에 용해시킨 Folltropin-V의 1회 피하주사 방법이 효과적이라고 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2012

The experiment was conducted under the Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh from June, 2001 to December, 2005 in two different locations (Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm and Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute in Savar, Dhaka) to observe ovarian response to different doses of FSH in three different genotypes of cattle- indigenous Local, Pabna cattle and Friesian${\times}$Local cross. Five different dose levels used were 200, 240, 280, 320 and 360 mg. Ovarian response as corpus luteum (CL), recovered embryo (RE) and of transferable embryos (TE) count in Local were significant for 320, 280 and 280 mg respectively. In Pabna cattle CL, RE and TE count were found significant for 360, 320 and 320 mg respectively. In Friesian${\times}$Local cross CL, RE and TE count were found significant for 360, 320 and 320 mg respectively. The excellent quality embryos showed significantly the highest yield ($1.80{\pm}0.20$) in the 240 and 280 mg FSH levels in Local genotype. In Pabna cattle, the highest yield ($2.00{\pm}0.32$) was found at FSH level 320 mg. In Friesian${\times}$Local, the highest yield ($2.20{\pm}0.20$) was found at FSH level 280 mg.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2019

These studies were conducted to evaluate developmental competence of follicular oocyte collected from the ovaries of Hanwoo cows with the high offspring meat quality (1++ and 1+ grade). Cumulus oocyte complexes from individual cows were matured, fertilized and cultured using protocols of in-vitro maturation (IVM), invitro fertilization (IVF) and in-vitro culture (IVC). The rates of blastocyst development from Hanwoo cows with the offspring meat quality grades of 1++ and 1+ were 18.6 and 21.2%, respectively. The rates of blastocyst development were 26.3, 20.7, 20.7, 17.2 and 31.2% from Hanwoo cows with the meat quality grades of 1++, 1+, 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Fiftyseven transferable embryos were recovered from 11 Hanwoo donor cows (5.2/head) with the high offspring meat quality grades of 1++ and 1+ in vivo, and the pregnancy rate after embryo transfer was 61.1%. In conclusion, these results suggest that in vitro embryo production from the ovaries of cows with the high meat quality grades using individual culture system can be used an efficient method for livestock improvement. In addition, for the successful industrialization of embryo transfer, conception rate should be improved.