• 제목/요약/키워드: Towel

검색결과 110건 처리시간 0.028초

유기향균제를 이용한 타올의 향균가공에 관한 연구 (Study on the Antimicrobial Finishing of Towel by using Organic Antimicrobials)

  • 이문수;송윤준
    • 자연과학논문집
    • /
    • 제11권1호
    • /
    • pp.159-164
    • /
    • 1999
  • 유기실리콘 제4급 암모늄염을 이용하여 타올에 향균제를 처리하였을 때의 향균성에 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 처리농도, 시간, 온도에 대한 향균성 변화를 비교 조사하였고, 향균처리 후 물성변화, 내세탁성을 측정하였다. 타올의 향균성에 가장 우수한 향균성을 나타내고 많은 영향을 미치는 처리농도는 3.5%이며, 처리온도 $30^{\circ}C$에서, 처리시간 10분간 향균가공 처리하여도 균감소율이 95% 이상 향균성능을 유지함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 세탁 횟수에 따른 균 감소율은 20회까지 세탁하여도 80%이상 높은 향균성을 나타내었고, 향균제 가공처리 후 측정한 타올의 인장강도 및 신도는 큰 변화가 없었다.

  • PDF

유한킴벌리의 빨아쓰는 키친타올 스카트® 출시전략: "고객의 생활을 리디자인하다" (The Case of Market Launching Reusable Kitchen Towel Scott® in Korean Market: "Redesign Customers' Life")

  • 이유재;이동일;양석준
    • Asia Marketing Journal
    • /
    • 제12권4호
    • /
    • pp.165-181
    • /
    • 2011
  • 2005년 유한킴벌리는 자사의 키친타올에 대한 소비자 사용 실태 및 태도 조사에서 흥미로운 점을 발견하게 된다. 키친타올의 용도가 탄생 초기의 의도와는 달리, 한국에서는 주로 후라이팬의 기름기 흡수나, 튀김시 기름기 흡수 등 주로 기름기를 흡수하는 것에 한정되어 있다는 사실이었다. 소비자들은 행주 등 천 청소도구의 위생에 대해서 불안하게 생각했지만, 기존의 키친타올도 행주도 소비자들의 불안함을 채워주기에는 무엇인가 부족했다고 지각했다. 결국 유한킴벌리는 해결되지 않았던 이러한 소비자들의 불안을 해결하기 위한 새로운 시도가 필요함을 인식하게 되었다. 천 행주의 비위생성, 불편성에 비추어 볼 때, 키친타올의 상대적 열위는 내습성이 약하다는 점이다. 물기제거 과정에서 천 행주는 물기를 빨아들이고, 관리하는 것이 가능한 반면 키친타올은 종이제품으로서의 인식으로 인해 물기제거에 많은 양이 사용되고 신뢰할 수 없다는 점이 부각되게 된 것이다. 따라서 키친타올 카테고리의 한계를 극복하기 위해서는 이러한 점에 대한 소비자 인식을 전환할 수 있도록 하는 보완이 필요하였다. 새로운 키친타올의 사용시간을 일회용에서 확장하여 1일 이내 수차례 사용으로 확장하는 방향이 필요하게 되었다. 따라서 고객의 주방생활을 리디자인할 필요가 있는 것이다. 여러 번 활용할 수 있는 새로운 키친타올의 브랜드는 킴벌리 클라크의 글로벌 전략과 일치시키기 위해서 스카트(Scott) 브랜드를 사용하는 것으로 결정하였다. 이미 남미에서 유사한 제품이 스카트 브랜드를 사용하고 있어 이에 일치시키기 위한 것이었다. 또한 기존의 키친타올과의 차이를 나타내기 위하여 "스카트® 빨아쓰는 키친타올"로 상품명을 결정하여 기존에 소비자들에게 친숙한 키친타올의 이미지를 활용하여 새로운 상품을 홍보할 수 있도록 하였다. 그 결과 소비자들의 청소에 대한 기존의 행동양식이 보다 위생적으로 청소를 하는 방향으로 변화되었으며, 이러한 소비자 변화는 결국 스카트® 빨아쓰는 키친타올의 급격한 매출증가로 이어졌다.

  • PDF

발가락 감기 운동 시 지절관절 자세에 따른 무지외전근의 근 활성도 비교 (Comparison of Abductor Hallucis Muscle Activity During Toe Curl Exercises According to the Position of the Interphalangeal Joint)

  • 정도영;고은경
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
    • /
    • 제16권2호
    • /
    • pp.9-15
    • /
    • 2009
  • The purposes of this study were to compare abductor hallucis (AbdH) muscle activity during toe curl exercise according to position of interphalangeal joint (IPJ). Fifteen healthy subjects with neutral foot were recruit for this study. All subjects performed toe curl exercise with towel while maintaining the IPJ in flexion (condition 1) and extension (condition 2). Toe curl exercise with towel was perform three trials for five second periods in each condition. Surface electromyography (EMG) activities were recorded from three muscles (AbdH, tibialis anterior, peroneous longus) in each condition. EMG activity was normalized to the value of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). The EMG activities acoording to position of IPJ were compared using a paired t-test. This study showed that the EMG activity of AbdH during toe curl exercise with IPJ extension significantly increased compared to those during toe curl exercise with IPJ flexion (p<.05). However, the EMG activity of tibialis anterior and peroneus longus were not significantly different between the conditions (p>.05). These results suggest that toe curl exercise with towel must be performed with extension of IPJ in order to strengthen intrinsic muscle in subjects with overuse injuries related to excessive pronation.

  • PDF

라벤더향유를 이용한 온습포법이 무릎관절염 여성노인의 통증, 무릎유연성, 수면 및 우울에 미치는 효과 (Effects of Thermotherapy Combined with Aromatherapy on Pain, Flexibility, Sleep, and Depression in Elderly Women with Osteoarthritis)

  • 황진희;이선옥;김영경
    • 근관절건강학회지
    • /
    • 제18권2호
    • /
    • pp.192-202
    • /
    • 2011
  • Purpose: This study examined the effects of heat therapy combined with aromatherapy on pain, flexibility, sleep, and depression in elderly women with osteoarthritis. Methods: This study was designed as a nonequivalent control group quasi-experimental study based upon data acquired through a pre-post test. The experimental group (n=21) was treated using an aroma-permeated hot compress applied to the knee. The cotton towel was heated in a microwave to $45^{\circ}C$, and 2~3 drops of lavender were applied on it. The towel was wrapped with plastic bag to prevent aroma leakage and retain heat. The treatment was applied the towel for 20 minutes, three times a day for 3 weeks. The control group (n=24) was not given any treatment. Data were collected using a VAS(100mm) for pain, questionnaire for sleep and depression, and a goniometer for knee flexibility. The data were analyzed with ${\chi}^2$-test and t-test using SPSS/Win18.0. Results: There were significant differences in knee pain (p=.001) and flexibility (p<.001), subjective quality of sleep (p=.020) and depression (p=.003) between the groups. Conclusion: Heat therapy combined with aromatherapy may be an effective nursing intervention and self-care technique to ameliorate pain and depression and to improve flexibility and sleep in elderly suffering from osteoarthritis.

젖소 유방염 관리에 따른 세균 및 체세포수 등급 실태 조사 분석 (Analytical studies of bovine mastitis management by standard plate counts(SPC) and somatic cell counts(SCC))

  • 허정호;정명호;박영호;조명희;이주홍
    • 한국동물위생학회지
    • /
    • 제21권3호
    • /
    • pp.285-300
    • /
    • 1998
  • 1. The number of average milking cows, clinical forms of mastitis, mastitis-developing cows, and cows killed by mastitis a year were 25.7, 1.8(7%), 6.3(26%), and 2.7(10.1%)heads, respectively. The annual grade changes of standard plate counts(SPC) and somatic cell counts(SCC) showed the grade 1A of SPC diminished sharply from April to August, we think it was due to the lack of proper management in farming season and the grade 3 of SCC indirectly influenced increased in huge during August. 2. The average number of parturitions of farms was 2.3, but 50% of below 1 parturition were 22 farms(31%), 50% of above 3 parturitions were 16(23%) out of 71 farms. According to grades of the number of parturitions of milking cows per each farm, the farms' grades recording 3 parturitions and 50% were little bit excellent. 3. The actual situation research of foremilking CMT revealed 35 out of 74 farmer didn't do CMT Among them(35 out of 74 farmers), 80% did not test thanks to the troublesome process of the CMT. SCC grade 3, among farms who did foremilking CMT once or twice a month and who did not were 29% and 40% respectively and SPC grade 1A were 55% and 9%, respectively. 4. The research of actual situation on milking management let us know 29 farms(39%) did not do lastmilking, 37 farms(49%) usually did overmilking, and 34 farms(46%) did milking for 4 or 5 minutes. Grades according to average requiring times of milking showed SCC grade 1 of farms milking within 7 minutes was 11% and SPC grade 1A was 34%, on the other side, farms milking more than 7 minutes were 0% in SCC grade 1 and 13% in SPC grade 1A. Grades according to the starting time of milking after rubbing teats showed SPC grade 1A of farms starting milking at about 1 minute and over 2 minutes were 50% and 20%, respectively. 5. The research of actual situation on hygienic milking management uncovered 65 farms(88%) were using one towel which was used in washing teats and udders to wash more than 3 to 4 cows, and 53 farms(72%) were using one dried towel to dry udders not for each cow but for more than 3 to 4 cows after washing. Also, on milking turns disclosed 30 farms(40%) were milking cows in the order of incoming without isolation of a dominant group. According to grades of towels used in washing teats and udders, farms using a towel for each cow were 56% and a towel for over 3 cows were 31% in SPC grade 1A. According to using-or-not grades of dried towels after washing udders, farms using a towel for each cow were 79% and a towel for over 3 cows were 21% in SPC grade 1A. 6. Farms doing teat-dipping before milking were 7(10%), not doing teat-dipping after milking, or doing sometimes were 9(12%), and doing right after milking were 57(77%). And farms doing teat-dipping after dry cows and before delivery were 21(28a ). Farms using bethadine as an antiseptic solution were 70(95%), 40 farms(59%) diluted it with water as weak as 5 to 10 times, and on drying cows 64 farms(87%) slowly did it more than 2 days. Grade 1A of SPC of farms doing teat-dipping at every milking was 38%, farms doing occasionally or not was 33%, and farms doing it right after milking was 37% and doing after milking more than 5 cows was 20%. Grade 1A of SPC among farms diluting bethadine 5 times and diluting 5 to 10 times with water were 36% and 33%, respectively, and Grade 3 of SCC were 35% and 32%, respectively. 7. Studies on nonlactating period medical treatment, as the cows were on dry, 54 farms treated with their own hands.73 farms(98%) had bovine mastitis treated for themselves. And on applying medicines against mastitis, 55 farmers chose them on the basis of their own experience, 42 farms(57%) were treated more than 3 days. 41 farms(55%) dumped away the mastitis infected milk separately, 24 farms(32%) were feeding and milking at the same time. 8. Fifty-six farms(76%) always washed and disinfected milking machines after milking. Farms using the milking machines at low, or variable vacuum pressures, or at the vacuum pressure, set at the moment of its installation were 31(42%), and farms that did not know pulsation ratio were 27(37%). Farms changing liners when they were torn 8(11%), 58 farms(78%) said they checked milking system when there were wrong with them, 31 farms(42%) changed milking hoses when they found out problems, and 42 farms(57%) cleaned vacuum and milking systems when they felt dirty. The SPC grade 1A of farms washing and sterilizing milking machines was 38% and farms only washing was 28%.

  • PDF

Intensive land-based production of red and green macroalgae for human consumption in the Pacific Northwest: an evaluation of seasonal growth, yield, nutritional composition, and contaminant levels

  • Gadberry, Bradley A.;Colt, John;Maynard, Desmond;Boratyn, Diane C.;Webb, Ken;Johnson, Ronald B.;Saunders, Gary W.;Boyer, Richard H.
    • ALGAE
    • /
    • 제33권1호
    • /
    • pp.109-125
    • /
    • 2018
  • Turkish towel (Chondracanthus exasperatus), Pacific dulse (Palmaria mollis, also known as Red ribbon seaweed), and sea lettuce (Ulva spp.) were cultivated in a land-based intensive culture system at the Manchester Research Station, USA from August 2013 to September 2014. Macroalgae were grown in tumble-aerated tanks, harvested bimonthly for seasonal growth calculations, and analyzed for protein, lipid, ash, and amino acid content. Growth rate of all three species exhibited a similar pattern, with the highest specific growth rates occurring during the summer months (Turkish towel: 7.8%, Pacific dulse: 8.2%, and sea lettuce: 6.2%). Growth of all three species was lowest around winter solstice; with negative growth only observed in sea lettuce. On a dry weight basis significant differences in protein content existed between the three species with highest values for sea lettuce ($29.5{\pm}1.4%$). Lipid content varied between species (0.95-2.78%) with significantly higher lipid observed in sea lettuce (0.58-4.82%). No significant differences were detected on a seasonal basis among each species. Essential amino acids accounted for $43{\pm}0.9$ to $47{\pm}1.2%$ of total amino acids with Turkish towel having the highest value. Turkish towel had a significantly higher taurine level ($0.82{\pm}0.27$) than the other macroalgae. The levels of persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals were low. The estimated annual product of the three species ranged from 50- to $70-mt\;dry\;weight\;ha^{-1}\;y^{-1}$, significantly higher than conventional crops. Land-based culture of these species can produce year-round harvest, consistent product quality, and low contaminant levels.

타올에 흡착된 반건성유인 옥수수유의 자연발화에 대한 실험적 연구 (Experimental Study on the Spontaneous Ignition of Corn Oil Adsorbed on Towels)

  • 김경수;최유정;유삼열;정필훈;최재욱
    • 한국재난정보학회 논문집
    • /
    • 제18권3호
    • /
    • pp.574-580
    • /
    • 2022
  • 연구목적: 옥수수유는 반건성유로서 불건성유보다 이중결합의 수가 많고 산소와 결합하기 쉬우므로 자연발화의 조건이 충족되면 적은 양으로도 가연성 물질에 흡착될 경우에는 자연발화가 쉽게 발생된다. 또한 최근 자연발화의 원인 중 산화열에 의해 기름이 묻은 헝겊 등에 의한 사고가 늘어나고 있다. 그러므로 65℃에서 타올의 매수와 옥수수유의 양에 따른 자연발화의 특성을 파악하고자 한다. 연구방법: 실험온도를 65℃로 설정한 후 타올 한 장당 25ml, 50ml, 75ml에 해당하는 옥수수유를 분사시킨 후 시료의 중심 온도가 설정된 온도보다 상승하고, 타올이 연소로 인해 탈 경우에는 발화로 판정하였으며, 시료의 중심 온도가 설정된 온도와 유사할 경우에는 비발화로 판정하였다. 연구결과: 옥수수유를 타올 한 장 당 25ml씩 골고루 분포시킨 후 실험을 한 결과 타올이 5장 일 때는 비발화되었으며, 타올이 10장, 15장일 때는 발화되었다. 또한 옥수수유를 타올 한 장 당 50ml, 75ml씩 사용하여 실험한 결과 타올이 5장, 10장, 15장일 때 자연발화가 발생되었다. 결론: 옥수수유가 적은 양으로도 자연발화의 조건을 충족하면 화재가 발생할 수 있다.

녹두품종별 종실크기 및 온도처리에 따른 하배축 신장성 (Effects of Seed Size and Temperature on Hypocotyl Elongation in Mungbean)

  • 이성춘;김동철;임태곤;송동석
    • 한국작물학회지
    • /
    • 제41권6호
    • /
    • pp.634-639
    • /
    • 1996
  • 근래에 육성된 한국산 녹두품종에 대하여 용도상 분류 기준이 되는 하배축신장성과 주요 성분함량을 조사하여 품종 육성의 기초 자료로 활용하고자 수행하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 하배축 신장성이 큰 품종은 4234-697과 금성녹두였으며 남평녹두는 중간정도, 선화녹두는 작았다. 2. 파종 후 치상온도가 높을수록 하배축 신장은 양호하였는데 고온에서는 파종직 후부터 급속한 신장을 나타냈다. 3. 냉장고에 저장한 종자의 하배축신장성은 상온에 저장한 종자보다 하배축신장성이 양호하였다. 4. 종자크기와 하배축신장성과는 품증에 따라 각각 다른 상관정도를 보였으나 유의성은 인정되지 않았다.

  • PDF