• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.323-327
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• 2002

A rod-shaped virus was isolated from pepper showing mild mosic during the winter growing seasons of 2001 and 2002 in Korea. Based on its biological reactions, serological relationships, reverse transcription-poly-merase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers, and nucleotide sequence analysis of coat protein (CP) gene, the isolated virus was identified as Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV) and designated as Korean pepper isolate (TMGMV-KP). Crude sap from infected tissue was mechanically transmitted to various indicator plants, which produced characteristic symptoms of tobamovirus infection. However, no symptom was observed in Gomphorena globosa. In RT-PCR assays with specific primers toy respective detection of TMGMV, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Pepper mild mottle virue (PMMoV), and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), a single strong band of about 500 bp in length was produced from the sample used only with TMGMV primers. The amplified DNA was cloned and the nucleotide sequence was determined. Sequence comparisons with the CP gene of other tobamoviruses indicated that TMGMV-KP shared 99.3％ identity with TMGMV Japanese isolate and only 59.1, 58.6, and 58.1％ identity with TMV, PMMoV and ToMV, respectively. This is the first report of TMGMV in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.142-148
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• 2005

Whereas most of isolates of Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) can induce green mosaic systemic symptoms on zucchini squash, foliar symptoms of a pepper isolate of CMV (Pf-CMV)-infected zucchini squash revealed systemic chlorotic spots. To assess this biological property, infectious full-length cDNA clones of Pf-CMV were constructed using long-template RT-PCR. The complete nucleotide sequences of RNA2 and RNA3 of Pf-CMV were determined from the infectious fulllength cDNA clones, respectively. RNA 2 and RNA3 of Pf-CMV contain 3,070 nucleotides and 2,213 nucleotides, respectively. Overall sequence homology of two RNAs revealed high similarity (90%) between CMV strains, and 60% similarity to those of Tomato aspermy virus and Peanut stunt virus strains. By sequence analysis with known representative strains of CMV, Pf- CMV belongs to a typical member of CMV subgroup IA. The virus has high evolutionary relationship with Fny-CMV, but the pathology of Pf-CMV in zucchini squash was quite different from that of Fny-CMV. The pesudorecombinant virus, F1P2P3, induced chlorotic spot leaf symptom and timing of systemic symptom in squash plants, similar to the plants infected by Pf-CMV. No systemic symptoms were observed when Pf-CMVinoculated cotyledons were removed at 5 days postinoculation (dpi) while Fny-CMV showed systemic symptom at 2 dpi. These results suggest that the pepper isolate of CMV possesses unique pathological properties distinguishable to other isolates of CMVs in zucchini squash.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.371-375
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• 1998

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cultivars including NC 82 and KF 114, and Datura stramonium, Physalis floridana, Gomphrena globosa, and Chenopodium spp. were added to the previous host plants tested for the further examination on the biological characteristics of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) strains isolated from tobacco (TMV-Common), tomato (TMV-Tomato), and pepper (TMV-Pepper), In TMV-Tomato and TMV-Pepper, different symptoms were noted in P. floridana (no symptom development), and NC 82 (local lesion production on the inoculated leaves) from TMV-Common with which systemic mosaic symptoms were developed. Local lesions were developed in KF 114, D. stramonium, G. globosa, and Chenopodium spp by TMV-Common and TVM-Tomato, while no symptom was observed in KF114 and G. globosa. Also the number and size of local lesions were smaller in KF 114 than Xanthi-nc tobacco (local lesion host) infected with TMV-Tomato. Systemic necrosis was induced in Xanthi-nc and KF 114 when infected with TMV-C at high temperature, but not with the other strains.

• 식물병연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2018

철원지역의 주요 과채류인 토마토와 파프리카를 대상으로 바이러스병 발생 현황을 조사하고 바이러스병에 대한 방제를 위해 2015년부터 2017년까지 시설 하우스를 중심으로 조사를 실시하였다. 2015년-2016년에는 7-9월에 채집을 진행하였고, 채집시료는 시설 하우스에서 재배되고 있는 토마토와 파프리카의 잎과 과실이었다. 파프리카와 토마토를 포함하는 가지과 작물에 주요 바이러스병을 일으키는 5종의 바이러스인 Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)에 대하여 유전자 진단법을 이용하여 채집시료를 검정하였다. 그 결과, PMMoV, CMV, 그리고 TSWV가 검출되었으며, 이들 중, CMV와 TSWV에 의한 바이러스병이 대부분(2015년에 파프리카에서 CMV 검정률 50.0%, TSWV 12.2%, 토마토에서 CMV 25.5%, TSWV 38.3% 이고, 2016년에 파프리카에서 CMV 45.9%, TSWV 45.5%, 토마토에서 CMV 23.8%, TSWV 47.6%)을 차지하고 있었다. 이 두 바이러스의 조기예방을 위한 발생 경로를 추적하기 위하여 2017년에는 작기별(육묘, 정식중기, 정식후기)로 채칩 시기를 나누어 바이러스 검정을 실시하였다. 조사 결과, TSWV는 육묘에 감염되어 외부에서 철원군내에 유입되어 초기 병발생율이 높았고, CMV는 철원군내 농가에 토착화되어 작기가 중반으로 넘어갈수록 병발생율이 높게 나타난 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 2017년도 작기별 바이러스병 발생 현황 조사 결과, TSWV에 의한 바이러스병 발생율이 육묘에서 검출 이후 점점 감소하는 현상은 본 연구를 통해 육묘때 조기진단으로 인한 바이러스 검출 농가의 조기 대응 및 지속적인 관찰이 바이러스병의 확산 방지에 중요한 역할을 한 결과로 보인다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.508-513
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• 2017

The complete genome sequence of a Slovak SL-1 isolate of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) was determined from the next generation sequencing (NGS) data, further confirming a limited sequence divergence in this tobamovirus species. Tomato genotypes Monalbo, Mobaci and Moperou, respectively carrying the susceptible tm-2 allele or the Tm-1 and Tm-2 resistant alleles, were tested for their susceptibility to ToMV SL-1. Although the three tomato genotypes accumulated ToMV SL-1 to similar amounts as judged by semiquantitative DAS-ELISA, they showed variations in the rate of infection and symptomatology. Possible differences in the intra-isolate variability and polymorphism between viral populations propagating in these tomato genotypes were evaluated by analysis of the capsid protein (CP) encoding region. Irrespective of genotype infected, the intra-isolate haplotype structure showed the presence of the same highly dominant CP sequence and the low level of population diversity (0.08-0.19%). Our results suggest that ToMV CP encoding sequence is relatively stable in the viral population during its replication in vivo and provides further demonstration that RNA viruses may show high sequence stability, probably as a result of purifying selection.

• 식물병연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

Among the plant specimens requested from agricultural actual places of farmers, Agency of agricultural extension services and so forth for the diagnosis of plant virus diseases in 2009, the rate of crop types was 87.5% for vegetables, 4.0% for upland crops and 3.5% for orchids. In vegetables, the crops damaged severely by viral diseases were red pepper and tomato by the infection rate of 51.6% and 26.5%, orderly. Virus species occurring vegetables were 19 and the economically important viruses were Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) with the infection rate of 33.2%, 16.9%, 16.1% and 7.4%, respectively. Rice stripe virus (RSV) occurred at the whole areas of west coast in Korea in 2009, and its incidence was 14.2% mainly on the susceptible cultivars and yield loss was estimated up to 50%. TYLCV was spread at 34 areas of Si and/or Gun, 22 areas in 2009 and 12 in 2008. Distribution of TSWV was expanded newly in 6 areas of Si and/or Gun including Gangryung, Gangwondo in 2009, and its occurrence areas were 23 Si and/or Gun after first incidence at Anyang area in 2004. Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) was incited newly at Gimcheon area in 2009 with the infection rate of 65.2%, and its soil transmission rate was 55.0% in average.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 1996

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) tomato strain was isolated from tomato "Seo-Kwang" in Korea. The virion was purified by density gradient centrifugation, and total viral RNA was isolated from the purified particles. Coat protein (CP) cDNA of the virus was synthesized by RT-PCR, and the purified cDNA fragment was subcloned to pBluescript II SK-. The analysis of nucleotide sequence showed that this cDNA was 693 nucleotides long from the insert of clone p1571 and p1572 which contain complete codons of the viral coat protein gene (474 nucleotides) and 3' untranslated region. The nucleotides of coat protein encoding cDNA of the strain were 6 nucleotides less than that of TMV common strain isolated from tobacco plant in Korea. The CP gene showed 70% maximum homology with that of the common strain in the nucleotide level and 86% maximum homology in amino acid level.cid level.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.67-72
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• 1980

우리나라에 발병하고 있는 생강모자이크 바이러스병의 기생범위, 물리화학적 성질, 혈청검정 및 전자현미경적 관찰을 조사하였다. 생강의 초기병징은 황록반문을 일으키고 후기에는 위축현상 및 괴경의 소구화를 이룬다. 포장이병율은 약 $43\%$이었다. 즙액전염, 접구전염(core grafting)이 이루어지며, 동부, 오이 Chenopodium amaranticolar, N. tabaccum var. Havana를 비롯하여 23종의 CMV감수성 식물에 병증을 나타낸다. 희석한계점은 $10^{-4}\~10^{-5}$ 범위이고, 온도한계활성점는 $65\~70^{\circ}C$사이이다. 혈청반응은 CMV 항혈청과 양성으로 나타난다. 전자현미경에 의한 바이러스립자의 크기는 $28\~32m\mu$의 구형이다. 이병엽육조직의 세포질 속에는 구형바이러스입자의 밀집상과 유리되어 있는 입자도 관찰되었다. 이상을 종합하여 볼 때 생강에 모자이크병을 일으키는 바이러스는 CMV군에 속하는 바이러스로 믿어진다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

The severe damage induced by the important viruses of Rice stripe virus (RSV), Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) was described on major crops in Korea. In 2007, the plot incidence rate of RSV was 100% on the precocious rice cultivars at the Western coastal provinces of Gyeonggido, Chungcheongnamdo, Jellabugdo and Jellanamdo, and Jejudo. RSV occurred in 2,441 ha with incidence rate of 70% over at 5 areas of Seocheon, Seosan, Boryung, Hongsung and Buyou in Chungcheongnamdo. At 4 areas of Buan, Gimje, Gunsan and Gochang in Jellabukdo, RSV occurred in 2.016 ha. CGMMV occurred on watermelon in 4.6 ha at Cheongyang area, and its outbreak was also 890 ha on oriental melon for 120 farmers with the incidence area of 23% against total cultivation areas of Seongju. MNSV was recorded firstly on watermelon in 2006 at Andong and it spread to 3 areas of Hapcheon, Gochang and Yanggu. TSWV occurred firstly at Danggin in Chungcheongnamdo in 2005. TSWV in 2006 spread to 6 areas; Taian, Hongsung and Seosan in Chungcheongnando, Namwon in Jellabukdo, and Sunchon and Kwangju in Jellanamdo. In 2007, TSWV covered 17 areas of western and southern parts; the 5 area including Taian in Chungcheongnamdo, Kwangju in Jellanamdo, Bucheon in Gyunggido, and so forth. TBSV was described firstly on table tomato at Sacheon in Kyungsangnamdo in 2004. TBSV occurred on cherry tomato at Chungju in 2006 and on table tomato at Busan area.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.381-389
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• 2012

Molecular characterization of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was done by using samples from tomato and cucurbitaceous plants collected from different locations in the northwest region of Iran. After screening by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 91 CMV-infected samples were identified. Biological properties of eight representative isolates were compared with each other revealing two distinct phenotypes on squash and tomato plants. Phylogenetic analyses based on nucleotide sequences of the coat protein (CP), movement protein (MP) and 2b of the new isolates, together with that of previously reported isolates, led to the placement of the Iranian isolates in subgroups IA and IB according to CP and MP genes, but in subgroup IA according to the 2b gene. These data suggest that reassortment may have been a major event in the evolution of CMV in Iran, and that the Iranian isolates are derived from a common recent ancestor that had passed through a bottleneck event.