• PNF and Movement
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.219-229
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• 2016

Purpose: Patients with Parkinson's disease suffer many restrictions in daily life. This case report investigated how intervention with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)-based physical therapy can affect the activities of Parkinson's patients. Methods: The subject was a 67-year-old female patient diagnosed with Parkinson's disease 3 years ago. Since the last five months, overall activities have become difficult for her, and she finally visited a hospital to take outpatient physical therapy because of the gait difficulties she suffered. The patient's medical history, system review, body structure and function, and activities were evaluated. The patient had difficulties in activities such as lying down, sitting, standing, maintaining a standing position, and walking. The PNF-based intervention was used for treating the impairments and improving the activities. The intervention was performed for 30 min a day, three times a week, for eight weeks. The qualifier of the international classification of functioning, disability, and health was used to measure the result, and the measurement was conducted before and after the intervention for eight weeks. Results: According to the result, the scores for maintaining a standing position, moving around within the home, and going to the toilet improved to "no problem" from "moderate problem." The scores for shifting the body's center of gravity, walking short distances, and washing oneself improved from "moderate problem" to "mild problem." The scores for sitting and standing improved to "no problem" and "mild problem" from "complete problem." The scores for preparing meals and doing housework improved from "severe problems" to "mild problem" or "moderate problem." The scores for walking long distances, moving around outside the home and other buildings, and using transportation did not show significant changes. Conclusion: Intervention with PNF-based physical therapy improved the activity of patients with Parkinson's disease, thus proving its effectiveness. The case report suggested that a therapist can use PNF as a physical therapy intervention for patients with Parkinson's who suffered restrictions in daily activities.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2013

This study is an attempt to quantify rainwater utilization and miscellaneous water demand in Tokyo's 23 special wards, the core of the urban area in Tokyo, Japan, in order to elucidate the potential of further rainwater utilization. The rainwater utilization for miscellaneous appropriate water demands, including toilet flushing, air conditioning, and garden irrigation, were calculated for six different types of building: residential house, office, department store, supermarket, restaurant, and accommodation. Miscellaneous water demands in these different types of building were expressed in terms of equivalent rainfall of 767, 1,133, 3,318, 1,887, 16,574, and 2,227 (mm/yr), respectively, compared with 1,528 mm of Tokyo's average annual precipitation. Building types, numbers and its height were considered in this study area using geographic information system data to quantify miscellaneous water demands and the amount of rainwater utilization in each ward. Area precipitation-demand ratio was used to measure rainwater utilization potential for miscellaneous water demands. Office and commercial areas, such as Chiyoda ward, showed rainwater utilization potentials of <0.3, which was relatively low compared to those wards where many residential houses are located. This is attributed to the relatively high miscellaneous water demand. In light of rainwater utilization based on building level, the introduction of rainwater storage mechanisms with a storage depth of 50 mm for six different types of buildings was considered, and calculated as rainfall of 573, 679, 819, 766, 930, and 787 (mm), respectively. Total rainwater utilization using such storage facilities in each building from 23 wards resulted in the retention of 102,760,000 $m^3$ of water for use in miscellaneous applications annually, and this volume corresponded to 26.3% of annual miscellaneous water demand.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.323-327
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• 2008

The population of the elderly and elderly living alone goes on increasing. Most elderly does not want to move into another place out of their present living environment. So it is essential to know their living conditions for the quality of living, especially the aged living alone out of their children' care. Unfortunately there is scarcely any house designed for the aged, especially elderly living alone until now. So this study investigated the living environment of the elderly living alone in gunsan city. The ratio of the female aged living alone is about 3 times than the male but the male population is increasing. Most of them are troubled with more than a disease and use aids and feel the necessity of the others' help. The ratio of the absolute poverty among the elderly living alone is about 30%. The majority of them are almost 65-84 years old with living detached house. Most of them own their house. They living in detached house are of a mind to remodel bath/toilet first of all and they living in apartment or row houses have a intention of remodeling an air conditioner and paper walls and ceiling and flooring of all things in house. As the bath and restroom have been pointed as a dangerous space for elderly, the elderly living alone pointed out them as to be remodeled. It seemed the air conditioner in house do not work well in view of their poor economic condition. For the elderly It is needed economic and institutional supports of private organization or government.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

In this study, we made a survey of the degree of satisfaction and performance of daily life activities on independent elderly households in the detached house. The purpose of this study is to suggest basic data for elderly housing design to be considered elder's characteristics. A survey carried out for 110 respondents with face to face interview visiting each house between May and June, 1999 with modified and drawn questionnaire from analysis of preparatory investigation data. The questionnaire was composed of the general characteristics of respondents, general characteristics of housing, residents' satisfaction with the use of housing space, performance degree of the elder's daily activities. To analyze the data of 106 cases, frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviations, one-way ANOVA, reliability analysis and Scheffe test were used by running SPSSWIN program. The results on the housing satisfaction and performance of activities in daily life of elderly in the detached house were as follows.: In this survey, the elderly had high value in satisfaction with the size of current house as the mean 3.14 points, but they were dissatisfied with the rising of house as the mean 2.82 points. The satisfaction with living room space was the highest but the satisfaction with toilet space was lower than others. Among the activities of daily life in housing space, housing related activity was the hardest to perform as the mean of 3.15 points. In consequence, consideration on and interest in the planning of residential spaces are needed so that the elderly can perform the action of housing life effectively and efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.55-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of Goryoin housing in Uzbekistan and Korea. Using ethnographic methodologies, it was examined that 20 Goryoin households in Korea in relation to their usage of housing space firstly and also tried 20 Goryoin households in Uzbekistan with the same method. The following conclusion were established; 1). The majority of households in both areas preferred separated kitchen and living room areas. 2). Most households in both areas had a washing machine in bathroom and they regarded bathtub and the drain hole of the bathroom as very necessary. They all preferred separate bathroom and toilet areas in order to allow simultaneous use. 3). Their preferred seating style was chairs on sleeping and eating especially but they treated large family and guest without chairs in both areas. 4). All of them were took their shoes off and wore slippers at home usually and also had a preference for designated shoes space at the entrance to the house. 5) All of households in Uzbekistan and half of them in Korea had a carpet or mat in the bedroom or living room, both for keeping warm and aesthetic reasons. 6). The heating system of apartment in Uzbekistan was radiator and most of private houses had a modified Ondol with radiator but their preferred heating system was modified Ondol in both areas. 7). They all considered the living room as the most important housing space for family and guest in both areas.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.264-271
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• 2012

As changed population structure variously, population decrease is one of the important problem in present urbanization. It resulted decline of the medium-large size housings that increasing of 1-2 person household need the variety of small housing with housing type. This study was researched the Gold-Generation on theme by Gold Miss, Gold Mr. who preferring urban small housings that it analyzed survey of Gold generation who be wanted urban small housing by interior coordination elements. Data to be analyzed that first, Gold Mr. and Miss are preferred two bedroom applied by spatial structure coordination. Especially it is based on the separation between livingroom and bedroom with duplex type which is bathroom formed single unit type(shower/toilet/basin). In interior coordination of spatial elements, Gold Mr. considered the form of kitchen with huge ㄷ type instead of Gold Miss are preferred alpha room or alpha space to use powder room or dress room. Second, In Preference of interior coordination elements, Gold Mr. and Miss are preferred bed-clothes and curtains by fabrics, lighting are hanging and spot lighting, accessories are carpet with rug and porcelains. Color are preferred bright scheme both white and ivory, however preference of furniture is different from Gold Mr. and Gold Miss that Gold Mr. are ordered desk, sofa and shelves but Gold Miss are preferred sofa, bed, and dressing table. It showed between Gold Mr. and Gold Miss are equal needs or differences. It expects the basic research for understanding the interior coordination elements for preference in urban small housing as focused on Gold generation(Gold Miss, Gold Mr.) that they will be applied the interior space on urban small housing.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.121-125
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• 2020

People counting has always been a method of interest for maximizing energy saving by identifying the congestion level or amount of use of a specific facility to efficiently manage the facility, or automatically implementing a power saving function by identifying the number of people entering and exiting a specific place such as a toilet. The method of counting people by image processing is very expensive and has the disadvantage of being severely affected by the surrounding environment of the lighting. In the case of the area sensor, there is a disadvantage of counting as one person when the number of people passes close with arms folded. In order to solve the existing method, which is expensive, affected by lighting, or inaccurate the number of people in certain cases, this paper proposes a new method of counting people using the principle of LiADAR. Accurate counting of the number of people entering the hospital will help manage hospital facilities, but it will also help to establish effective quarantine measures at the present time when Corona 19 is prevalent.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 2023

This study is a study on ways to revitalize traditional markets in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, and a total of 188 of the 2021 Cheonan City traditional market and shopping district fact-finding data were used for research and analysis. In order to revitalize the environment improvement of traditional markets, it can be seen that environmental changes suitable for the times are primarily required. The traditional market is an underdeveloped space, and through the parking environment improvement project and facility modernization project (toilet, facility equipment, etc.), space is improved through a specialization and subdivision process to meet the needs of the times, thereby increasing operational convenience, increasing visitor use, and improving natural perception. can promote In addition, the efficiency and effectiveness of the traditional market vitalization project can be increased when differentiated management vitalization contents and facility modernization projects are organically harmonized. This study is meaningful in that it analyzes the environmental improvement of facilities among the traditional market vitalization factors for the vitalization of the traditional market, and proposes a plan that can be a practical alternative to the government support policy for the traditional market.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2497-2504
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• 2013

This study aims to analyze the 'Standard Drawings for School Facilities' issued by Seoul Education Committee in 1975 because it is the early example for middle school architecture. The results of this study are summarized as follows 1) In general trend of single-corridor type block plan, there are also changes in floor plan like no-corridor type block plan, $9.9{\times}6.6m$ classroom unit for the better daylight condition, built-in storage for students. 2) As for elevation design, it is characterized as daylight-oriented, functional exterior for without making full use of design elements. 3) Standardized dimensions are used as a rule in the height of story, ceiling, window sill and etc. Transitional characteristics of the early RC school architecture are found in exposed ceiling, incomplete insulation structure and mixed use of wood framed floor of earlier type. 4) Contrast to main school building, gymnasium shows the intend to express the symbolism of school architecture with diverse elevation design elements and the plasticity of building mass. 5) Separated plan of toilet and night-duty building also show the transitional characteristics. As conclusion, though showing the stereotyped school architecture, on the other hand, 'Standard Drawings for School Facilities' (1975) makes it possible to see the way of coping with the demands for school architecture in that time and the transition of school architecture. This is the main value of it as the material for the studies related to the history of educational facilities.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2015

The carton for liquid products are divided into 'gable top carton' and 'aseptic carton'. Currently, these packages are being recycled in the toilet tissue manufacturing process. The recycling of the carton aluminium laminate is the most important problem facing the recycling procedure of the carton packages due to the reduction in quality of recycled materials. The polymer structure with synthetic resins being used mainly in beverage packaging is also one of the important factors for the procedure for its recycling. The objective of this study was to investigate the package material and structure of the carton for liquid products through marketing research and suggest the supplementation in the work processes of production, use, and recycling. The results represent to improve the recycling profit and the quality of recycled materials when a laminated aluminium of carton for liquid products is replaced to the transparent polymer film. The improvement of the sorting and recycling process may help their recycling efficiencies. In addition, the limited use of synthetic resin molded packaging and increase of wood-pulp collection rate will provide the improvement of the recycling profit and the quality of recycled materials.