• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.19-25
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• 2014

Alternative sources of energy take a higher interest in order to reduce the greenhouse gas under the Climate Change Convention, fossil fuel consumption, and lower social anxiety about nuclear power such as crisis involving the Fukushima plant, problem of obsolete equipment. The energy consumption of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in South Korea is 3,082,000toe by 2011, reliance on electrical energy(35%) and oil(57.2%) is very high with 92.2%. In this study, we examined reserves and available capacity of temperature difference energy for thermal discharge from plant, treated sewage, river water, dam, and agricultural reservoir in rural community. Reserves of unutilized energy are 455,735Tcal/yr in rural community, these accounts for 78% of total reserves 582,385Tcal/y. Thermal discharge from plant has the most reserves of unutilized energy in rural community, it is estimated that it has the reserves of 277,410Tcal/y. Available capacity of unutilized energy in rural community is total 134,147Tcal/y, thermal discharge from plant available for heating is the most 128,035Tcal/y, and it shows in the order of treated sewage 4,318Tcal/y, river water 1,653Tcal/y, and reservoir 141Tcal/y. Elevating temperature area of green house by 2012 is 21,208ha. The amount of energy required for heating the greenhouse a year is dbout 11,365Tcal/y with 8.5% of the total available capacity of unutilized energy.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.270-284
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• 2017

This study aimed to create 3D-printed insoles for flat-footed senior men using 3D systems. 3D systems are product-manufacturing systems that use 3-dimensional technologies like 3D scanning, 3D modeling, and 3D printing. This study used a 3D scanner (NexScan2), 3D CAD programs including Rapidform, AutoCAD, SolidWorks, Nauta+ compiling program, and a 3D printer. In order to create insoles for flat-footed senior men, we analyzed horizontal sections of 3D foot scans We selected 20 flat-footed and 20 normal-footed subjects. To make the 3D insole models, we sliced nine lines on the surface of the subjects' 3D foot scans, and plotted 144 points on the lines. We calculated the average of these 3D coordinates, then located this average within the 3D space of the AutoCAD program and created 3D sole models using the loft surface tools of the SolidWorks program. The sole models for flat feet differed from those of normal feet in the depth of the arch at the inner sideline and the big toe line. We placed the normal-footed sole model on a flat-footed sole model, and the combination of the two models resulted in the 3D insole for flat feet. We printed the 3D modeled insole using a 3D printer. The 3D printing material was an acrylic resin similar to rubber. This made the insole model flexible and wearable. This study utilized 3D systems to create 3D insoles for flat-footed seniors and this process can be applied to manufacture other items in the fashion industry as well.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.537-543
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• 2006

A method of estimating the distance using single zoom camera limits a distance range(only optical axis) in field of view. So, in this paper, we propose a method of estimating the distance information in Stereoscopic display using the stereo zoom lens module for estimating the distance in the wide range. The binocular stereo zoom lens system is composed using a horizontal moving camera module. The left and right images are acquired in polarized stereo monitor for getting the conversion and estimating a distance. The error distance is under 10mm which has difference between optically a traced distance and an estimated distance in left and right range $(0mm{\sim}500mm)$ at center. This presents the system using a function of the zoom and conversion has more precise distance information than that of conversion control. Also, a method of estimating a distance from horizontal moving camera is more precise value than that from toe-in camera by comparing the error distance of the two camera methods.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.411-415
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• 2000

For comparison with conventional barium-gastrointestinal study, modified method using barium and methylcellulose was performed in 16 normal dogs (4-8 kg) divided into two groups. The group 1 received 8ml/kg of 40% w/v barium suspension only, and group 2 had taken 15 ml/kg of 0.6% w/v methylcellulose after administration 4 ml/kg of 40% w/v barium suspension by feeding tube. The barium suspension was prepared mixing full strength-barium suspension with water and methylcellulose solution was produced by blending methylcellulose sterilized water Sequential radiographs, lateral and ventrodorsal projections were obtained at 5 minute, 20 minute,40 minute. 60 minute and every 30 minutes thereafter, until the contrast is seen in the large intestine Inage qual- ity was rated by three veterinary radiologists as " poor" " fair ". "good", or "excellent" We analyzed the relationship between image quality,, transit time. Between two techniques, the modified method with 4ml of 40% w/v barium suspension and 15 ml of 0.6% w/v methylcellulose showed much better image quality ["excellent" result in 7 of the 8 subjects (88%)] and shorter transit time (107 minutes) toe the cecum. In addition, the best image quality was obtained at 20 and 40 minutes after admin-istration of contrast agent. It call be concluded the modified gastrointestinal study using methylcel-lulose after administration of barium suspension was a simple technique and easily improved the image quality and diagnostic accuracy of gstrointestinal disorders in small animal.racy of gstrointestinal disorders in small animal.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.138-147
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• 2014

In order to determine the best operating rules for the Nakdong River, three cases were applied to analyze the simulated results of water supply capacity by HEC-ResSim model. This study discussed to present the best operating rules for conjunctive operating of existing the dams and new constructed the weirs through system network. The system network was constructed considering the water supply, the river environment and the operating facility. The water supply capacities are separately evaluated for each case applying the best rules. It is case1 that the dams are operated individually, case2 that the dams are operated in conjunction with the others dams, and case3 that dams and weirs are operated in conjunction with the others dams-weirs. Comparing the cases, case 3 has shown the best water supply capacity of the Nakdong River.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify critical parameters of a putting performance using jerk cost function. Jerk is the time rate of change of acceleration and it has been suggested that a skilled performance is characterized by decreased jerk magnitude. Four elite golfers($handicap{\leq}2$) and 4 novice golfers participated in this study for the comparison. The 3D kinematic data were collected for each subject performing 5 trials of putts for each of these distances (random order): 1m, 3m, 5m The putting stroke was divided into 3 phases such as back swing. down swing and follow-through. In this study, it was assumed that there exist smoothness difference between elite and novice golfers during putting. The distance and jerk-cost function of Putting stroke for each phase were analyzed Results showed that there was a significant difference in jerk cost function at putter toe (at media-lateral direction) and at the center of mass between two groups by increasing putting distance. From these it could be concluded that jerk can be used as a kinematic parameter for distinguishing elite and novice golfers.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2007

The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of the spring shoe through the comparison of spring shoe to general shoe. For this, 12 healthy females in the age from 20 to 30 years participated in the E.M.G. experiment with testing kinematic variables. Results indicated that there was significant differences in angle of ankel between the general and spring shoe. Specifically, the spring shoe showed a bigger angle of take on and a smaller angle of take off in walking than the general shoe. This mesns that the spring shoe does not have a significant effect to produce efficient and smooth walking. In addition, the spring shoes revealed a bigger rear-foot angle than the general shoe in the evaluation of rear-foot control function. This means that the rear-foot control function of the spring shoe is low compared to trhe general shoe. Meanwhile, there is no significant differences in angle of knee and angle of Achilles tendon between both shoes. In an analysis of E.M.G., the significant differences were found in gastrocnemius muscle, anterior tibial musculi, musculi rectus femoris, biceps muscle of thigh between both the general and spring shoe groups by the section. In the case of gastrocnemius muscle, the spring shoe showed a low muscle production of anterior tibial musculi than the general shoe. This is a result from structural nature of the sole of a foot of the spring shoe. The spring shoe performs a rolling movement through slightly large pronation toward front-foot from rear-foot in supprt time before taking-off of toe and the power for this movement is mainly produced from musculi rectus femoris.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 2013

Efficient gait is compensate for a lack of exercise, but the wrong walking can cause disease that joints, muscles, brain and body structure(Scott & Winter, 1990). Also many researchers has been studied gait of positive mechanism using analytical methods kinetic, kinematic. This study is to identify nature of knee adduction moment, depending on different foot progression angle and the movement of rotation of pelvis and body. Health study subject conducted intended walking with three different angles. The subjects of this study classified three types of walking; walk erect, pigeon-toed walk and an out-toed gait. Ten university students of K without previous operation and disease record selected for this study. For accuracy of this study, three types of walking carried out five times with 3D image analysis and using analysis of ground reaction force to analyze nature of knee adduction moment and the movement of rotation of pelvis and body. Firstly, the HC(heel contact) section value of intended walk erect, pigeon-toed walk and an out-toed gait was not shown statistically significant difference but TO(toe off) section value was shown that the pigeon-toed walk statistically significant. The value of pigeon-toed walk was smallest knee adduction moment(p< 0.005). Secondly, X axis was the change of rotation movement body and pelvis when walk erect, pigeon-toed walk and an out-toed gait. Shown statistically Y axis was not shown statistically significant but Z axis statistically significant(p<0.05). These result show the significant differences on TO section when walking moment reaches HC, it decides the walking types and rotates the foot.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.975-987
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• 2008

The purpose of this thesis is to conduct a thorough research on shoes of 2000s, understand the changes and analyze the differences and the characteristics of the shoe designs of the past and present in order to predict and indicate the future direction of the women shoe designs. The shoes of the millennium not only kept the old fashioned shapes but also showed futuristic shapes. With the increasing importance of shoes in fashion, shoes with various images were created. As far as the materials are concerned, natural materials and artificial materials were both used. The colors were vivid and the futuristic colors. On the other hand, pastel toned colors and romantic colors were used in many different designs and shapes regardlees of the seasons. Straps and hills differed from the oldies. Heavy decorations were added to strap shoes to form a whole new design and hills show geometrical platforms or the avantgarde like heights. Feminine images overwhelmed the shoe designs of the millennium. To elaborate, Pumps displayed feminine images the most for it showed a high frequency number regardless of the seasons. Shoes are presented in aesthetical perspective rather then functional or practical perspectives that are based on human nature. Cultural, social, environmental and some part religious factors had a great influence on the evolution on the shoes. Especially in the 2000s, future oriented concepts were implemented on shoe designs, resulting a wider range of expressiveness and in the end leading to a more creative shoe designing. Changes in shoe designs could be pointed out in many ways according to the shapes materials, colors, modeling of decorations or also with the diverting trends.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.34-41
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• 2010

This work is concerned with the analysis of stress corrosion cracking(SCC) behavior of Alloy 600 nozzle penetration mock-up according to a residual stress induced by a dissimilar metal welding(DMW) in a nuclear reactor pressure vessel. The effects of the dimension and materials of the nozzle penetration on the deformation and the residual stress induced by DMW were investigated using a finite element analysis(FEA). The inner diameter(ID) change of the nozzle by DMW and its dependance on the design variables, calculated by FEA, were well consistent with those measured from the mock-up. Accelerated SCC tests were performed for three mock-ups with different wall thicknesses in a highly acidic solution to investigate mainly the effect of the residual stress on the SCC behavior of Alloy 600 nozzle. From a destructive examination of the mock-up after the tests, the SCC behavior of the nozzle was fairly related with the residual stress induced by DMW : axial cracks were found in the ID surface of the nozzle within the J-weld region where the highest tensile hoop stress was predicted by FEA, while circumferential cracks were observed beyond both J-weld root and toe where the highest tensile axial stress was expected.