• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.317-342
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current state of foodservice and clinical nutrition management in a hospital-based nutrition department. Nutritional guidelines and survey reports of hospital evaluation programs from 2004 to 2009 were analyzed. In total, 275 hospitals in the first period and 288 hospitals in the second period were evaluated. The division of knife and chopping board use decreased from 97.2% in 2005 to 89.7% in 2008, the maintenance of a proper freezer temperature (below $-18^{\circ}C$) increased from 82.1% in 2004 to 97.7% in 2007 (88.9% to 97.4% from large hospitals and 69.8% to 86.5% from small/medium hospitals in 2005 and 2008, respectively). In tube-feeding management, the performance rate of material cold storage and the offer rate of tube-feeding were 65.9% and 94.2% in 2007, respectively. The cold storage of material, proper use within 24 hours after opening or production, and the use of an appropriate label were 47.3%, 71.2% and 67.2% in 2009, respectively. The rate of a management system for undernourished patients was 86.0% in 2007 (56.4% for large hospitals, 18.9% for small/medium hospitals) and 14.3% in 2009. In standards of nutrition support management, the performance rates of constructing a nutrition support team, the nutrition support team activity, and organizing multidisciplinary team were 66.7%, 43.6%, and 64.1% respectively, in 2004. For large hospitals, those rates were 61.1%, 36.1%, and 58.3%, in 2005, 93.0%, 62.8%, and 91.9% in 2007, and 69.2%, 43.6%, and 69.2% in 2008, respectively. The results of this study suggest standards on sanitary foodservice preparation, production, and tube-feeding production need to correspond with HACCP regulations for small/meidium hospitals in standards of a healthcare accreditation system. It will be necessary to understand the operating conditions of nutrition departments in convalescent hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, and geriatrics hospitals. As the application of accreditation is required from 2013, standards will need to be improved and continuously updated for healthcare accreditation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.19-27
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• 2002

Characteristics of interconnect lines considering underlayer geometries of a silicon substrate and crossing metal lines are experimentally analyzed through elaborately devised patterns. In this work, test patterns for transmission lines having several kinds of underlayer geometries were devised, and the signal characteristics and responses are measured by S-parameter and time domain reflection meter (TDR). The patterns were designed and fabricated with a deep-submicron CMOS DRAM technology having 1 Tungsten and 2 Aluminum metals. From the analysis of measured results on the patterns, it is founded that the effects of underlayter line structures on line parameters (especially line capacitance and resistance) and signal distortions occurred from them cannot be negligible. The results provide useful and insightful understanding in the skew balance of package leads and global signal lines such as high-speed clock and data lines.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.223-229
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• 2011

Cyclophilins are originally identified as cytosolic binding protein of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A. They have an activity of peptidyl prolyl cis/trans-isomerases (PPIase), which may play important roles in protein folding, trafficking, assembly and cell signaling. In this study, we report the cloning and characterization of a Bombyx mori cyclophilin A (bCypA) cDNA. The full-length cDNA of bCypA consist of 947 nucleotides with a polyadenylation signal sequence AATAAA and contain an open reading frame of 498 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 166 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of bCypA shares a central peptidyl prolyl cis/trans-isomerase and a cyclosporin-A-binding domain with other cyclophilin sequences. Relative quantification real-time (RT) PCR analysis shows that mRNA transcripts of bCypA are detected in all the investigated tissues and highest expression level in the skin of 3-day-old 5 instar larva. Also, bCypA had PPIase activity on the proline-containing peptides. Accordingly, we suggest that bCypA is a new member of the cyclophilin A (CyPA) family and will be useful for quality control of bioactivity recombinant proteins with proline-containing peptides.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.35-42
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• 2000

A cross-shaped microstripline-fed printed slot antenna having wide bandwidth Is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna is analyzed by using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. It was found that the bandwidth of the antenna depends highly on the length of the horizontal and vertical feedline as well as the offset position of the feedline. The maximum bandwidth of this antenna is from 1.975 GHz to 4.725 GHz, which is approximately 1.3 octave, for the VSWR $\leq$ 2. Experimental data for the return loss and the radiation pattern of the antenna are also presented. and they are in good agreement with the FDTD results.e FDTD results.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.165-189
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• 2013

Conceptual modeling is a critical activity for developing successful business information systems. The objective of this study is to evaluate the possibility of applying the constant comparison method from the grounded theory to conceptual modeling. To achieve the objective, we trained novice modelers and split them into two groups for evaluation. The experimental results show that applying the constant comparison method could increase acceptability from more experienced conceptual modelers. Moreover, while the control group was experienced difficulties when domain knowledge is unfamiliar, the experimental group could handle difficulties more effectively. In addition, applying the constant comparison method also decreased the time to complete analysis for conceptual modeling.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.32-38
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• 2000

One of the most popular algorithm in adaptive signal processing is the least mean square(LMS) algorithm. The majority of these papers examine the LMS algorithm with a constant step size. The choice of the step size reflects a tradeoff between misadjustment and the speed of adaptation. Subsequent works have discussed the issue of optimization of the step size or methods of varying the step size to improve performance. However there is as yet no detailed analysis of a variable step size algorithm that is capable of giving both the adaptation speed and the convergence. In this paper we propose a new variable step size algorithm where the step size adjustment is controlled by the gradient of error square. The proposed algorithm is performed in the Walsh-Hadamard domain in real-valued orthogonal transform because of fast convergence. The simulation results using the new algorithm for noise canceller system is described. They are compared to the results obtained by other algorithms. It is shown that the proposed algorithm produces good results compared with conventional algorithms.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2009

The plasma membrane-localized BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) and BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1) are a well-known receptor pair involved in brassinosteroids (BR) signaling in Arabidposis. The formation of a receptor complex in response to BRs and the subsequent activation of cytoplasmic domain kinase activity share mechanistic characteristics with animal receptor kinases. Here, we demonstrate that BRI1 and BAK1 are BR-dependently phosphorylated, and that phosphorylated forms of the two proteins persist for different lengths of time. Mutations of either protein abolished phosphorylation of the counterpart protein, implying transphosphorylation of the receptor kinases. To investigate the specific amino acids critical for formation of the receptor complex and activation of BAK1 kinase activity, we expressed several versions of BAK1 in yeast and plants. L32E and L46E substitutions resulted in a loss of binding of BAK1 to BRI1, and threonine T455 was essential for the kinase activity of BAK1 in yeast. Transgenic bri1 mutant plants overexpressing BAK1(L46E) displayed reduced apical dominance and seed development. In addition, transgenic wild type plants overexpressing BAK1(T455A) lost the phosphorylation activity normally exhibited in response to BL, leading to semi-dwarfism. These results suggest that BAK1 is a critical component regulating the duration of BR efficacy, even though it cannot directly bind BRs in plants.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.9-17
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• 2020

Human activity recognition(HAR) using smartphones is a hot research topic in computational intelligence. Smartphones are equipped with a variety of sensors. Fusing the data of these sensors could enable applications to recognize a large number of activities. However, these devices have fewer resources because of the limited number of sensors available, and feature selection and classification methods are required to achieve optimal performance and efficient feature extraction. This paper proposes a smartphone-based HAR scheme according to these requirements. The proposed method in this paper extracts time-domain features from acceleration sensors, gyro sensors, and barometer sensors, and recognizes activities with high accuracy by applying KDA and SVM. This approach selects the most relevant feature of each sensor for each activity. Our comparison results shows that the proposed system outperforms previous smartphone-based HAR systems.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.35-47
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• 2020

The need for communication is emphasized in decision making, design methods and processes for the educational environment that contain new curricula and learning methods. In this study, we tried to find the direction and agenda of learner-centered environment restructuring through the 'user-integrated platform' in which various subjects related to school space environment understand each other's position and overcome the barriers and prejudices of each sector. The project was planned in a 'bottom-up process' method that uncovered the singularities of the previous stage and led the main contents of the next stage. The various subjects who participated in the project shared their own experiences and different positions regarding the school space. At the workshop, the topics of the participating teams were divided into two categories. The teams in the category of the 'school culture and space' insisted innovation of 'the school culture' as a premise for the restructuring of the 'school space', and proposed schools with different interpretations of 'authority and rules of school', 'the meaning of learning and play' and 'the main character of school. The teams in the category of the 'school borders and spaces' focused on 'communication' and proposed schools containing 'emotional care of students', 'borders between schools and villages', 'village community schools', and 'interspace and niche time'. After the workshop, we were able to derive the direction and architectural strategy of the school space restructuring by analyzing the works of the participants. Through this study, we confirmed the possibility of translating user's ideas into the professional domain through careful planning, preparation, facilitation, and analysis in Participatory Design.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.5 s.120
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• pp.471-477
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• 2007

This paper presents the characteristics of electromagnetic field uniformity in a reverberation chamber with flat diffusers composed of multiple dielectric materials that can be used as an alternative facility for the analysis, test and evaluation of electromagnetic interference and immunity. The field characteristics and the size of the test volume inside the reverberation chamber with the new diffuser of multiple dielectric materials are simulated and analyzed at $2.5{\sim}3$ GHz band. The FDTD method is used to analyze the field characteristics. The field uniformity, polarization characteristics and tolerance are improved by the new diffuser with smaller physical size. The reverberation chamber with flat diffusers composed of multiple dielectric materials shows better electromagnetic performance and larger test volume than normal chamber.