• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2008

신평장림 공단에서 배출되는 피혁폐기물은 46.3%의 탄소를 함유하고 있으며 열중량분석에 의하면 $500^{\circ}C$에서 중량손실이 약 50%이었다. $K_2CO_3$을 이용한 화학적 활성화법으로 $800^{\circ}C$에서 약 30분간 질소분위기 중에서 피혁폐기물을 원료로 한 피혁폐기물 활성탄[leather waste chemically activated carbon, LW4AC]을 제조하였다. 피혁폐기물 활성탄의 요오드 값, 메틸렌블루 탈색력은 각각 968 mg/g, 158 mL/g이었다. $K_2CO_3$와 피혁폐기물 혼합비 $[K_2CO_3/LW]$가 증가할수록 세공부피가 발달함을 알 수 있었다.

• 폴리머
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2014

고무 매트릭스와 벤토나이트의 상용성을 향상시키기 위하여 유기개질 벤토나이트는 벤토나이트 현탁액에서 실란커플링제인 [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane(AEAPTMS)]를 사용하여 합성되었다. 유기개질 벤토나이트의 구조와 특성을 FTIR-spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) 등을 사용하여 분석하였다. Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer(EPDM) 고무와 유기 벤토나이트를 two-roll mill에서 배합하였으며 가황을 하고 물성을 측정하였다. 벤토나이트 개질에 대하여 염산과 물의 농도가 복합체의 물성에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 벤토나이트의 함량이 20 phr 포함된 복합체의 경우 가장 좋은 물성을 나타내었고 인장강도는 1.95에서 4.8 MPa로 증가되었으며 신장률은 300에서 500%로 증가하는 경향을 보였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.508-513
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• 2011

헴프(Hemp)는 빠른 성장과 재배가 용이한 특성을 가지고 있으며 전통적으로 인피(Bast)는 섬유산업에 이용되고 있다. 그러나 인피를 제외한 줄기(Stem)와 뿌리(Root)는 활용분야가 없어 대부분 부산물로서 폐기되고 있다. 이러한 헴프 부산물은 바이오-오일과 같은 바이오연료나 활성탄의 원료물질로 활용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 헴프 줄기, 뿌리 및 인피를 대상으로 열화학적 특성을 파악하였다. TGA를 이용해 열중량분석을 수행한 결과 헴프 부산물들의 분해영역은 대부분 $270{\sim}370^{\circ}C$ 라는 것을 확인하였다. TGA 분석으로부터 얻은 실험데이터는 미분법을 적용하여 전화율 변화에 따라 활성화에너지와 전지수인자를 계산하였다. 열분해반응에서 활성화에너지는 전화율 증가에 따라 증가하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제48권12호
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• pp.945-952
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• 2020

이 연구에서는 저궤도 우주 환경(LEO) 조건에서 나노실리카 에폭시 복합소재의 실리카 농도가 재료의 열화 거동에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 실리카 입자를 에폭시 수지에 10%와 18% 두 가지 서로 다른 무게비로 나노복합소재를 제작하여 저궤도 우주 환경 모사장치에서 열화시켰다. 열화된 나노복합소재를 대상으로 열중량분석(Thermogravimetric Analysis, TGA)를 수행하였고 등변환법(Iso-conversional Method)에 기반한 Friedman 방법, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa(FWO) 방법, Kissinger 방법, 그리고 DAEM(Distributed Activation Energy Method)으로 활성화에너지를 계산하였다. 그 결과 나노입자가 섞이지 않은 샘플은 열화가 진행되면서 중가함을 보였다. 그러나 10%와 18%는 열화 싸이클이 15회일 때까지 증가하였으나 그 이후에는 감소하였으며, 따라서 나노 입자가 열화 거동에 부정적인 영향이 있음을 보였다. 또한 활성화에너지 계산에 적용된 방법에 대해 토의하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.325-337
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• 2022

Grewia serrulata fibres were chemically treated with 3%, 6%, and 9% NaOH for the duration of 4 h. Additionally, the NaOH-treated fibres were also treated with 3 - (trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (silane). Properties such as density and tensile strength of the treated fibres were compared against the untreated fibres. The highest density was obtained in the case of 9% NaOH + silane treated fibres, which was 26.47% higher than untreated fibres, implying effective removal of hemicellulose. Likewise, the highest tensile strength was also obtained in the case of 9% NaOH + silane treated fibres. The increment observed in the tensile strength of the natural fibres was related to the removal of impurities, hemicellulose, and stress-raisers as well as deposition over the fibre surface that smoothed it. These observations were further validated by estimating changes in chemical constituents due to chemical treatment along with characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 1999년도 제19회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.81-91
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• 1999

Fuel characteristics of sewage sludge as required for the fluidized bed incinerators have been evaluated. Sewage sludge is basically a solid fuel with high percentage of moisture. Moisture content of the fuel directly affects the heating value of the fuel and the exhaust gas composition. When the sludge of transported into the incinerator, sludge cake is subject to the mixing, break-up and heat-up. Fluidization process would enhance these physical processes. The sludge fuel could then undergo the moisture evaporation and devolatilization process. Subsequent oxidation of volatiles as well as the remaining char would then follow. Sludge samples are characterized with high percentage of volatiles out of total combustibles. Quantitative understanding of above listed subprocesses would certainly help in the utilization of fluidized bed incinerators. A limited set of fuel characterization tests including calorimetric analysis, proximate analysis, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis were conducted for the selected sludge samples. The measurement reasults of sludge samples were reported along with some published data. Limited experience in the actual incinerator plant is also presented.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.466-473
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• 2004

We have used FT-IR spectra to explain the effects of hydrogen bonding between chitosan and polycaprolactam (PA6). A dynamic mechanical analysis study suggested that the optimum chitosan and PA6 miscibility under the conditions of this experiment were obtained at a blending ratio of 40:60. We studied the thermal degradation of chitosan blended with PA6 (chitosan/PA6) by thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic analysis (by the Ozawa method). Dry chitosan and PA6 exhibited a single stage of thermal degradation and chitosan/PA6 blends having> 20 wt% PA6 exhibited at least two stages of degradation. In chitosan/PA6 blends, chitosan underwent the first stage of thermal degradation; the second stage proceeded at a temperature lower than that of PA6, because the decomposition product of chitosan accelerated the degradation of PA6. The activation energies of the blends were between 130 and 165 kJ/mol, which are also lower than that of PA6.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.204-207
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• 2012

Epoxy nanocomposite was synthesized through the exfoliation of organoclay in an epoxy matrix, which was composed of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), 4,4'-methylene dianiline (MDA) and malononitrile (MN). Organoclay was prepared by treating the montmorillonite with octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ODTMA). The exfoliation of the organoclay was estimated by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis. In order to measure the cure rate of DGEBA/MDA (30 phr)/MN (5 phr)/organoclay (3 phr), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was performed at various heating rates, and the data were interpreted by Kissinger equation. Thermal degradation kinetics of the epoxy nanocomposite were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the data were introduced to the Ozawa equation. The activation energy for cure reaction was 45.8 kJ/mol, and the activation energy for thermal degradation was 143 kJ/mol.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1990년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.143-149
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• 1990

A sol-gel processing of $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}$ superconductor using metal nitrate salts and sodium hydroxide as the starting materials has been investigated because of the need to produce pure, hompgeneous superconducting materials. Since the precipitation of barium hydroxides can be obtained only at high basicities, the process has to be carried out Ca. pH 13 to get the simultaneous coprecipitation with the other metal hydroxides. The involved reaction mechanisms were investigated and intermediate and final products were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), infra-red(IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), thermal mechanical analysis(TMA) and electrical measurement.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2017

A fluorinated polybenzimidazole (FPBI) was synthesized from 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) of tetraamine, 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane of aromatic biscarboxylic acid, and 4,4-sulfonyldibenzoic acid of aromatic biscarboxylic acid in polyphosphoric acid (PPA). A FPBI was easily cast and made into clear films. The structure of condensation polymers and corresponding membranes were analyzed using GPC (gel permeation chromatography), $^1H$-NMR ($^1H$ nuclear magnetic resonance) and FT-IR (fourier transform infrared). TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) analysis showed that the prepared membranes were thermally stable, so that elevated temperature fuel cell operation would be possible. The proton conductivity of the FPBI membranes increased with increasing temperatures in the polymer. A FPBI membrane has a maximum ion conductivity of 45 mS/cm at $90^{\circ}C$ and 100% relative humidity.