• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2017.07a
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• pp.290-291
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• 2017

This study deals with an evaluation method for testing the robustness of the 4 kW commercial power electronic cooling system to the thermal environment. The power electronic cooling system consists of a cascaded push-pull DC / DC converter, a three-phase DC / AC inverter, and an electric compressor. The system manufactured by the thermal environment evaluation test (heat distribution test, thermal impact test, high temperature operation test, temperature cycle test, low temperature operation test) for the commercial electric power cooling system for commercial vehicle proves that it is robust against thermal environment.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2003

This study aims to survey the living spaces of the welfare facilities for the aged to get the objective relationships between the physical thermal environment and the users' subjective responses. The surveys were made twice in winter and once in summer during 2001 and 2002. An ambient temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, globe temperature were measured as physical elements of thermal environment and the ASHRAE Psychophysical Voting Scale were used as an evaluation index for subjective responses. As the results, the aged respond thermally comfortable, in spite of the differences among important factors such as thermal sensations, humidity sensations and air velocity sensations. Also the physical thermal environmental elements and the subjective responses indices exceed thermal comfort range calculated by PMV(Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD(Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied). It shows that the insulation of walls of the facilities is not enough for heating and cooling seasons, and the indoor environmental control is necessary.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

As more and more people desire to live in an apartment complex with a comfortable outdoor space, many construction company became interested in outdoor design. In order to increase the use of outdoor space and create the most pleasant environment, outdoor thermal environment and comfort should be evaluated quantitatively from the design stage. This study utilized ENVI-met 3.1 model to analyze outdoor thermal environment in apartment complex, and evaluated outdoor thermal comfort in 6 points of apartment complex. The physiologically equivalent temperature(PET) was employed as a outdoor thermal index. Playground B had a poor thermal environment with the maximum PET $43^{\circ}C$ (Very hot). Because shading by building and tree didn't affect outdoor thermal environment of playground B. To design comfortable outdoor space from the view point of thermal environment, the factors influencing Mean radiant temperature(MRT) and wind speed should be considered in design stage. Since it is difficult to control outdoor thermal environment compared with indoor environment, we should take into account an assessment for outdoor thermal environment and comfort in outdoor design stage.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.745-760
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• 2010

The purposes of this study were to investigate the state of indoor thermal and air environment during winter in the one-room type multi-family houses occupied by university students and to analyze factors which influenced this environment. Field survey was conducted in 10 houses between 30th January, 2009 and 13th February, 2009 which measured indoor thermal and air elements as well kept records of interviews with residents and other related factors. Measured elements were air temperature, relative humidity, as well as concentrations of $CO_2$, CO, TVOC, and PM-10. The results can be summarized as follows. 1) The mean air temperature in each house ranged from 19.3 to $25.3^{\circ}C$, so most houses were not suitable for evaluation criteria($20-22^{\circ}C$). The average $CO_2$ concentration in each house was 965~3259ppm, so most houses exceeded evaluation criteria(1000ppm). The average TVOC concentration in each house were 0.00~1.17ppm, 5 houses exceeded evaluation criteria(0.12ppm). 2) Relative humidity, CO concentration, and PM-10 concentration were suitable for evaluation criteria. Therefore, indoor thermal and air environment during winter in one-room type multi-family housing occupied by university students was found to be generally uncomfortable. Important factor which were found to influence air temperature and the concentration of $CO_2$ were smaller space capacity than general house. Other factors which were found to influence the environment of these houses were the existence of a balcony as well as factors relating to the behavior of occupants such whether or not heating were operated, whether windows were opened, whether fans used, whether occupants smoked or used cosmetics, and whether the space was dusted.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.101-110
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• 1997

The intent of this study is to propose a method for appraisal of the indoor thermal environment of apartment housing by measuring physical factors and residents' response to questionnaire survey. The experiments were performed on eight houses each in summer (August 18 through 31,1995) and winer (february 16 through 20,1996). It included measurements of indoor air temperature, globe temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration. The questionnaire surveys were performed each in summer (July 16 through 20, 1996) and winer (February 13 through 16, 1996). And 248 cases in summer and 297 cases in winter were used in analysis. These questionnaire surveys asked residents' response about thermal sensation, humidity sensation, sense of air freshness regarding the indoor thermal environment. data acquired through the experiments and questionnaire surveys were then transferred to scales that allowed relative comparison, and measured to an appraisal standard chart. Appraisal tools included appraisal charts and radar charts. Indoor thermal environment was judged to be positive according to experiments, but residents appraised the thermal environment to be average. This difference between the two can be found in the strict standards by which residents judge the thermal environment of their apartments.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.870-878
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• 2003

The maintenance of thermal equilibrium between the human body and its environment is one of the primary requirements for health, wellbeing and comfort. For the effective control of indoor thermal environment, thermostat or humidistat is used. But, it is not sufficient to control the indoor thermal environment using only one or two parameters as human response for the indoor comfortable environment. So an environmental thermal index is required for the control of indoor thermal environment effectively. In this study, a PMV sensor has been developed which has integrated from various kinds of individual sensors for temperature, humidity, air velocity, radiant temperature. After applying the PMV and PPD equation, it is possible to monitor the indoor thermal environment with the sensor system, which is adopted to the circuit for optimization according to the human response with the metabolic rate and activities. The measurement was carried out to verify the performance of the integrated sensor system in comparison with existing measurement system, the PMV meter. As a result, the possibility of applying the PMV sensor to control the indoor thermal environment simultaneously was examined.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.355-359
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• 2003

1. The objective of this paper is to investigate the indoor environment from the viewpoint of interaction between physical environment and the human responses. 2. A continuous measurement has been carried out for 1 year and distribution of variables have been measured for 1 day. 3. The attitude of workers was investigated by a questionnaire. 4. As the result, average luminance represented more than 800-1800 lx in the office, in contrast with less than 1000 lx in the encourage luminance of an office. 5. There was a significant difference of the occupants' response to the light environment between the neighboring environments. 6. Measured thermal conditions are on the edge of the ASHRAE comfort envelope in summer, and in the neighborhood of the lower dry limit of the envelope in spring.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

The principle of Korean Traditional Housing was to be harmonized with the nature with shapes according to regional climate and materials easily available from the region. These environmentally friendly characteristics protected indoor environment from climate changes. The characteristics of Korean traditional housing to control indoor environment would be very useful for contemporary housing in that current issues, improving housing amenity and wellbeing, had basic goals same with what Korean Traditional Housing had. Though it could be found characteristics of indoor thermal environment heated by Ondol Heating System, analyses of evaluation made by occupants of the rooms were insufficient because most of the studies had been focused on the measurement of indoor thermal factors. Thus, with an evaluation of occupants for the indoor thermal comfort and an estimation of discomfort derived from the result of vertical temperature distribution, it was studied whether the agreeable indoor range of rooms, of which was Jeonju Hanok Living Experience Center, heated by Ondol Heating System corresponded to the agreeable indoor range presented in references.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.281-290
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• 2003

The KN-12 spent nuclear fuel transport cask, which is a Type B(U) package designed to comply with the requirements of Korea Atomic Energy Act[1], IAEA Safety Standards Series No.TS-R-1[2] and US 10 CFR Part 71[3], is designed for carrying up to 12 PWR spent fuel assemblies in a basket structure. The cask has been licensed in accordance with Korea Atomic Energy Act and was fabricated in Korea in accordance with the requirements of ASME B&PV Sec.III, Div.3[4]. The cask must maintain thermal integrity in accordance with the related regulations and be evaluated to verify that the thermal performance of the cask complies with the regulatory requirements. The temperatures of the cask and components were determined by using finite elements methods with a numerical tool, safety tests using an 1/8 height slice model of the real cask were conducted to demonstrate verification of the numerical tool and methods, and heat transfer tests for normal transport conditions were performed as a fabrication acceptance test to demonstrate the heat transfer capability of the cask.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

It is not sufficient to control the indoor thermal environment using only one or two parameters by itself as human response for the control of indoor thermal environment. So a proper environmental thermal index is required for the control of indoor thermal environment effectively. In this study, the physical environment was measured and analysed and the skin temperature of the subjects and their response were investigated to evaluate the optimum thermal comfort range for cooling season in an apartment house. As a result, the optimal temperature was 26.1$^{\circ}C$ and the temperature ranges which more than 80% responded as satisfactory were 24.1~28.$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. As the OT had most significant interrelation with the PMV, it is desirable to use the OT in evaluating the thermal environment during cooling. Also, the comfort range was concluded between OT 25.5~27.3$^{\circ}C$ by appointing the PMV of -0.5~0.5 as the optimum comfort condition. In addition, the Human responses were compared with calculated PMV, OT and MRT and the relationships are suggested in order to utilize to control indoor thermal environment.