• PNF and Movement
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.13-21
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of closed kinematic chain exercise and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise on the static dynamic balance performance of hemiplegic patients in order to suggest them therapeutic intervention methods. Methods : The subjects of this study were 18 hemiplegic patients grouped into 2 subgroups according to the exercise program. one group of closed kinematic chain exercise carried out sit to stand, Hooklying with pelvic lift(bridging) and stair-up & down by a hemiplegic leg. The other group of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise carried out leg flexion-extension pattern in supine position, leg flexion pattern in standing and stabilizing reversal exercise in stating position. Each exercise was carried out over 3 sets of 10reps. Results : The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. For both groups, there were statistically significant changes in the static balance (FICSIT-4) performance after exercise program (p<.05). 2. For both groups, there were statistically significant changes in the dynamic balance (FSST, TUG, FRT) performance after exercise program (p<.05). 3. In the comparison between both groups, there was no statistically significant difference in the static dynamic balance performance (FICSIT-4, FSST, TUGT, ER) after exercise program. Conclusion : As the results of the study shows closed kinematic chain exercise and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise affect the improvement of hemiplegic patients'' static dynamic balance performance, it is supposed that these exercises could be therapeutic exercise program in clinical situations.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.312-318
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the evidence that therapeutic horseback riding can improve balance, muscle, ADL, equivalenc, GMFM, gait, emotion with developmental disabilities and neural patients. Methods: To conduct meta-analysis, the search focused on studies that employed therapeutic horseback riding for developmental disabilities and neural patients for which eight databases (KIS, RISS, DBpia, National Assembly Library, Pubmed, Embase, Google scholar and Cochrane Library) were used to extract literature published from 2002 to September 2019. The data were analyzed the RevMan 3.5.3 program. Results: As a result of meta-analysis, therapeutic horseback riding total effect size is 0.552 for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients. And effect size result of according to assessment type variable first, balance effect size is 0.594. Second, muscle activities effect size is 0.425. Third, ADL effect size is 0.430. Fourth, equivalance effect size is 0.640. Fifth, GMFM effect size is 0.482. Sixth, gait effect size is 0.400 and seventh emotion effect size is 0.876. Conclusion: These findings is horseback riding is effective The effect size by outcome was observed to be the effective for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients. and also the horseback riding provided the positive effects of balance, muscle activities, ADL, equivalance, GMFM, gait, emotion for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the development of effective treatments for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients therapeutic horseback riding and the development of study.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.9-21
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was intended to examine the effects of electroacupuncture and therapeutic exercise on muscle atrophy and exercise function in an ischemic stroke model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Methods: This study selected 120 Sprangue-Dawley rats, 8-week of age, divided them into six groups, and assigned 5 rats to each group. Experiments were conducted for 1, 3 days, 1, and 8 weeks, respectively. Group I was a group of electroacupuncture and therapeutic exercise after inducing ischemic stroke; Group II was a group of therapeutic exercise after inducing ischemic stroke; Group III was a group of electroacupuncture after inducing ischemic stroke; Group IV was a sham group of electroacupuncture after inducing ischemic stroke; Group V was a control group and Group VI was a sham group without ischemic stroke. In each group, changes in weight of muscle and relative muscle of TA muscle, neurologic motor behavior test, histologic observations were observed and analyzed. Results: For the changes in muscle weight of unaffected and affected sides of TA muscle, muscle atrophy was seen in an affected side 3 days after ischemic stroke was induced. There was statistically significant difference in Group I 1 week and 8 weeks after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to Group V (p<0.05). For the changes in relative muscle weight of unaffected and affected sides of tibial anterior muscle, there was significant decrease in each group 3 days after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to Group IV, while there was statistically significant increase in Group I 1 week after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to Group V (p<0.05). For neuologic exercise behavior test, Group I generally had the highest score, compared to other groups. Conclusion: electroacupuncture and therapeutic exercise may improve muscle atrophy and change in histologic observations expression of ischemic stroke rats and contribute to the improvement of exercise function.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.255-263
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• 2005

Research was undertaken to compare the pharmacological activity of Lithospermi radix (LR) reported as an oriental medicine for classical uses. LR contains naphthoquinone pigments : shikonin, acetylshikonin, isobutylshikonin, etc. LR is used for the treatment of excision wound, burn, eczema, blister, scarlatina and septicemia as antifebrile, antidotic and antiphlogistic. Gardeniae fructus (GF) has been used for the treatment to jaundice, hepatic disease, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, and it contains crocin, geniposide and its derivatives. The therapeutic effects of burn and excision wound healing from LR & GF hydrogel with $Nano-ATP^{\circledR}$ (GLN) were investigated. To evaluate the therapeutic value of various hydrogels, thermal burn model and excision wound mouse model were used. The burn and wound reduction rate and therapeutic period were measured to calculate the healing extent after 5 experiments. The 2nd degree burn was prepared on hairless mouse back skin and dressing with collagen. The burn and wound reduction rate of GLN hydrogel treated group decreased more rapidly than that of other gel group in animal model. Furthermore therapeutic periods of GLN hydrogel treated group was shorter than that of other gel group. In anti-inflammatory test, GLN hydrogel treated group decreased edema rapidly than that of other gel group. These results suggest that the GLN hydrogel treatment has an therapeutic effect on burn and excision wound healing.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.84-89
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• 2018

Purpose: Therapeutic climbing has become very popular today, with it being reported as a new method for preventing and treating orthopedic trauma to the shoulder joint. However, objective studies on its effects on the musculoskeletal system are still lacking. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of wall inclination during therapeutic climbing on the muscle activity around the shoulder joint. Methods: In this study, the participants performed movements at three different inclination angles of $0^{\circ}$, $+15^{\circ}$, and $-15^{\circ}$. sEMG was performed to measure the activities of five different muscles around the shoulder joint (biceps brachii, serratus anterior, upper trapezius, middle trapezius, and lower trapezius muscles). Results: Biceps brachii muscle showed a significant increase at $-15^{\circ}$, as compared to $0^{\circ}$ (p<0.01), and the serratus anterior also showed a significant increase at $-15^{\circ}$, as compared to $0^{\circ}$ (p<0.05). Moreover, the middle and lower trapezius muscles also showed a significant increase at $-15^{\circ}$, as compared to $0^{\circ}$ (p<0.001). Compared to $0^{\circ}$, all muscles showed decreased values at $15^{\circ}$, but the differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Therapeutic climbing may be a new therapeutic approach that can increase muscle strength and coordination in the sensory nervous system, since it can be used as a tool that promotes active movement by altering wall inclination and causing the user to generate movements according to the existing situation.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a therapeutic recreation program on the powerlessness and life satisfaction of people with chronic mental disability. Methods: Nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used for this study. There were 24 people in experimental group and 21 people in control group. Therapeutic Recreation Program was carried out twice a week in a total of 8 sessions, 60 minutes for each session. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, $X^2$-test, and independent t-test with SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: Life satisfaction in the experimental group compared with the control group was significantly increased after the therapeutic recreation program (t=2.48, p=.017). On the other hand, There was no difference in powerlessness of experimental group compared with control group (t=1.51, p=.138). Conclusion: Further studies were needed to be done to support the effectiveness of recreation therapy on the powerlessness and life satisfaction of people with chronic mental disability. In addition, therapeutic recreation programs to improve helplessness and life satisfaction are in need.

• Kosin Medical Journal
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.380-385
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• 2018

Objectives: Aminophylline has been used for prevention or treatment of apnea in preterm infants with idiopathic apnea of prematurity. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical usefulness of prophylactic in comparison with therapeutic aminophylline therapy. Methods: This retrospective observational study included infants born with a birth weight of < 2,500 g or at < 36 weeks of gestation. Infants born between August 2013 and July 2014 who received aminophylline therapy within 24 hr after birth were assigned to the prophylactic group, while infants born between August 2014 and July 2015 who received aminophylline therapy after obvious apnea were assigned to the therapeutic group. We compared clinical characteristics, including days of ventilator and oxygen therapy and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) between both groups. Results: Sixty-four patients and 25 infants were identified in the prophylactic and therapeutic groups, respectively. The mean gestational age and birth weight were $32.57{\pm}1.96weeks$ and $1765{\pm}205g$, respectively, in the prophylactic group and $32.46{\pm}1.82weeks$ and $1770{\pm}250g$, respectively, in the therapeutic group. No significant differences in clinical characteristics were found between the two groups. Similar clinical outcomes, including days of ventilator and oxygen therapy, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), periventricular leukomalacia, and BPD, were observed between the two groups. Conclusions: The present study showed that the prophylactic use of aminophylline does not improve the clinical outcomes, including BPD, IVH, and ventilator dependency as compared with therapeutic use. In other words, routine prophylactic use of aminophylline is unnecessary.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.57-61
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• 2014

Purpose Iodine (I-131) is one of the most widely used radioactive isotopes for therapeutic in the field of nuclear medicine. Therapeutic I-131 capsule is made out of lead to shield high energy radiation. Accurate dosimetry is necessarily required to perform safe and effective work for relative workers. The Monte Carlo method is known as a method to predict the absorbed dose distribution most accurately in radiation therapy and many researchers constantly attempt to apply this method to the dose calculation of radiotherapy recently. This paper aims to calculate distance dependent and activity dependent therapeutic I-131 capsule using GEANT4. Materials and Methods Therapeutic capsules was implemented on the basis of the design drawings. The simulated dose was determined by generating of gamma rays of energy to more than 364 keV. The simulated dose from the capsule at the distance of 10 cm and 100 cm was measured and calculated in the model of water phantom. The simulated dose were separately calculated for each position of each detector. Results According to the domestic regulation on radiation safety, the dose at 10 cm and 100 cm away from the surface of therapeutic I-131 capsule should not exceed 2.0 mSv/h and 0.02 mSv/h, respectively. The simulated doses turned out to be less than the limit, satisfying the domestic regulation. Conclusion These simulation results may serve as useful data in the prediction of hands dose absorbed by I-131 capsule handling. GEANT4 is considered that it will be effectively used in order to check the radiation dose.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.177-182
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• 1988

A retrospective analysis was peformed on 23 patients with pineal region tumors treated with radiation from 1979 through 1985 at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital. Histologic confirmation was done in only one case by surgical removal, and in the remaining 22 patients, the diagnosis was based on clinical and radiological findings. The radiation volume was the primary tumor site in 1 case, whole brain in 14 cases, and the whole craniospinal axis En 8 cases. The overall 5 year survival was $71.5\%$. The 5 year survival was $69.3\%$ for whole brain treated group and $73.3\%$ for craniospinal axis treated group. The survival for the two groups did not differ significantly. In two cases sites of recurrence were detected, one in supratentorial area, and the other in the lung. The results from this retrospective analysis and the review of other reports indicate that routine use of prophylactic spinal irradiation is not warranted in pineal region tumor, and the craniospinal irradiation is recommended in cases with high risk for subarachnoid seeding such as positive CSF cytology, surgical removal or biopsy.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.371-388
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• 2021

This research was designed to provide the materials helpful for art therapy education and art therapist training by exploring the intervention processes and professional competency factors of art therapists which facilitate therapeutic alliance through the art therapists' actual clinical experiences. To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with 9 art therapists, and analysis of the materials was divided into 5 sections and 41 categories using Consensus Qualitative Analysis (CQR). According to study results, the art therapist's intervention process for the promotion of therapeutic alliance signifies the structuralization of a safe environment through basic items of consideration for a therapeutic alliance and the three dimensions of its composition, and the art therapist's professional capacity interacts with the art therapists intervention factor to directly and indirectly affect the therapeutic alliance. Subsequently, it is essential for art therapists to reinforce their professional abilities relevant to conceptualizing unique individual cases with clinical problems, sufficient clinical experiences, the ability to utilize art as therapeutic treatment, and efforts to maintain professional capabilities for therapeutic purposes. The significance of this research lies in presenting the materials to be used in educating and training the art therapists by deriving the developmental tasks necessary for structuralizing the facilitation of the therapeutic alliance and strengthening the professional expertise of the art therapist.