• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9655-9660
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• 2014

Background: Nigella Sativa (NS) is an herb from the Ranunculaceae family that exhibits numerous medicinal properties and has been used as important constituent of many complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs). The ability of NS to kill cancer cells such as PC3, HeLa and hepatoma cells is well established. However, our understanding of the mode of death caused by NS remains nebulous. The objective of this study was to gain further insight into the mode and mechanism of death caused by NS in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Materials and Methods: Human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were treated with a methanolic extract of NS, and a dose- and time-dependent study was performed. The $IC_{50}$ was calculated using a Cell Titer $Blue^{(R)}$ viability assay assay, and evidence for DNA fragmentation was obtained by fluorescence microscopy TUNEL assay. Gene expression was also profiled for a number of apoptosis-related genes (Caspase-3, -8, -9 and p53 genes) through qPCR. Results: The $IC_{50}$ of MCF-7 cells was $62.8{\mu}L/mL$. When MCF-7 cells were exposed to $50{\mu}L/mL$ and $100{\mu}L/mL$ NS for 24h, 48h and 72h, microscopic examination (TUNEL assay) revealed a dose- and time-dependent increase in apoptosis. Similarly, the expression of the Caspase-3, -8, -9 and p53 genes increased significantly according to the dose and time. Conclusions: NS induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells through both the p53 and caspase pathways. NS could potentially represent an alternative source of medicine for breast cancer therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1829-1832
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• 2013

In the present study, investigations were carried out to screen the anticancer activities of fenugreek seed oil against cancer cell lines (HEp-2, MCF-7, WISH cells), and a normal cell line (Vero cells). Cytotoxicity was assessed with MTT and NRU assays, and cellular morphological alterations were studied using phase contrast light microscopy. All cells were exposed toi 10-1000 ${\mu}g/ml$ of fenugreek seed oil for 24 h. The results show that fenugreek seed oil significantly reduced the cell viability, and altered the cellular morphology in a dose dependent manner. Among the cell lines, HEp-2 cells showed the highest decrease in cell viability, followed by MCF-7, WISH, and Vero cells by MTT and NRU assays. Cell viability at 1000 ${\mu}g/ml$ was recorded as 55% in HEp-2 cells, 67% in MCF-7 cells, 75% in WISH cells, and 86% in Vero cells. The present study provides preliminary screening data for fenugreek seed oil pointing to potent cytotoxicity against cancer cells.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.70-78
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• 2007

A new low-voltage CMOS interface circuit with digital output for piezo-resistive transducer is proposed. An input current sensing configuration is used to detect change in piezo-resistance due to applied pressure and to allow low-voltage circuit operation. A simple 1-bit first-order delta-sigma modulator is used to produce an output digital bitstream. The proposed interface circuit is realized in a 0.35 ${\mu}m$ CMOS technology and draws less than 200 ${\mu}A$ from a single 1.5 V power supply voltage. Simulation results show that the circuit can achieve an equivalent output resolution of 9.67 bits with less than 0.23% non-linearity error.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.4641-4645
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• 2015

The present investigation was designed to assess the anticancer activity of six different leaf extracts (ethyl acetate, methanol, chloroform, petroleum ether, n-butanol, and water soluble) of Abelia triflora on A-549 human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells. A-549 cells were exposed to $10-1000{\mu}g/ml$ concentrations of the leaf extracts of A. triflorafor 24 h and then percentage cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results showed that leaf extracts of A. triflora significantly reduced the viability of A-549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Decrease was recorded as 31% with ethyl acetate, 36% with methanol, 46% with chloroform, 54% with petroleum ether, 62% with n-butanol, and 63% with water soluble extracts at $1000{\mu}g/ml$ each. Among the various plant extracts, ethyl acetate extract showed the highest decrease in the percentage cell viability, followed by methanol, chloroform, petroleum ether, n-butanol, and water soluble extracts. Our results demonstrated preliminary screening of anticancer activity of different soluble extracts of A. triflora extracts against A-549 cells, which can be further used for the development of a potential therapeutic anticancer agents.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 1999

Fecal samples from 12 Pipistrellus kuhlii captured at Shagrah, Saudi Arabia, were examined for coccidia and three (25%) found to harbor a undescribed eimerian, herein described as Eimeria pipistrellus n. sp. Sporulated oocysts were sub spherical. $24.8{\times}23.2{\;}(22-27{\times}20-25){\;}\mu\textrm{m}$, with a bilayered and smooth wall. The micropyle was absent, but a large oocyst residuum and a single polar granule were present. Sporocysts were ovoid, 11.6{\times}8.3 (10.5-13{\times}7.5-9) Jim, with a prominent Stieda body, but without a substiedal body; sporozoites lay head to tail in sporocysts and contained one large posterior refractile body. Eimeria pipistrellus n. sp. is the 3rd species of the genus Eimeria found from bats of the genus Pipistrellus.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.473-473
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• 2000

This paper presents the 2-bit parallel algorithmic ADC using current mode for parallel method algorithm. It is operated by parallel conversion, 2-bit at each moment, and increase bit numbers by serial connection. The circuit operates in current mode. The comparison ratio can be controlled while working under mode operation. The circuit design used 0.8 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS technology which capable to convert 2-bit in 50 ns, power consumed 0.786 nW, with input current 0-50 mA from 3V single supply. From simulation testing, the conversion rate is much faster than other method.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5839-5842
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• 2012

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women in the world and is one of the leading causes of death due to cancer. Health benefits have been linked to additive and synergistic combinations of phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables. Nigella sativa has been shown to possess anti-carcinogenic activity, inhibiting growth of several cancer cell lines in vitro. However, the molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer properties of Nigella sativa phytochemical extracts have not been completely understood. Our data showed that Nigella sativa extracts significantly inhibited human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation at doses of $2.5-5{\mu}g/mL$ (P<0.05). Apoptotic induction in MDA-MB-231 cells was observed in a dose-dependent manner after exposure to Nigella sativa extracts for 48 h. Real time PCR and flow cytometry analyses suggested that Nigella sativa extracts possess the ability to suppress the proliferation of human breast cancer cells through induction of apoptosis.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.709-716
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• 2011

남극의 토양환경에 대한 기초자료 확보를 위해서 킹조지섬 바튼반도의 세종곶 (세종기지)을 기점으로 하여 3개의 그룹으로 나누어서 총 13개 지점에서 토양을 채취하여 물리화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 남극 세종기지 주변 토양의 물리적 특성은 전 지점에서 sand가 약 90%이상으로서 silt와 clay에 비하여 매우 높았고, 토성은 모두 사토 (10개 지점)와 양질사토 (3개 지점)로 분류되었으며, 전반적인 토양의 입자별 분포특성은 $2,000-500{\mu}m$ 범위의 굵은 입자는 Group 1 > Group 2 > Group 3 순으로 함량이 높았고, $499-355{\mu}m$ 에서는 지역에 따른 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았고, $355{\mu}m$ 이하의 미세입자는 Group 3 > Group 2 > Group 1 순으로 함량이 높았다. 토양의 화학적 특성은 각각의 지점별로 큰 차이를 나타내었다. pH는 4.5-6.7 범위로 약산성 토양이었고, EC는 $0.06-0.16dS\;m^{-1}$ 범위로 낮았다. T-N, OM 및 T-C의 함량은 #6, #8, #12 및 #13 지점이 높은 농도를 나타내었고, T-P 와 $P_2O_5$의 함량은 #9 와 #12의 지점이 높은 농도를 나타내었다. 따라서 남극 킹조지섬에 위치한 세종기지 주변 토양의 물리화학적 특성을 연구한 결과 각각의 지점별로 다양한 특성을 나타내었다. 본 연구는 단편적인 조사에 의해서 이루어졌으나, 남극반도 및 그 주변 섬들의 토양환경을 이해하는데 도움이 될 것이라고 판단된다.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제15권
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• pp.66-77
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• 2014

국립중앙박물관에 소장되어 있는 은조사 구장복은 조선 말기에 고종이 착용하였던 것으로 기록된 구장문이 그려진 대례복의 하나이다. 이 장문은 왕이 나라를 통치함에 있어 필요한 덕목을 상징적으로 표현한 것으로, 적색·황색·청색·녹색, 회색의 안료로 채색되어 있다. XRF 분석 결과, 적색 안료는 진사/주, 황색 안료는 금·황동, 청색 안료는 청색 유기안료와 연백, 녹색 안료는 구리-비소로 구성된 합성안료인 양록, 회식 안료는 은으로 판단되었다. 또한 유사한 시기에 제작된 국립중앙박물관 소장 적의본과 폐슬본의 안료 성분을 비교 검토한 결과, 차이점과 유사점을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 분석 결과는 19세기 말 궁중에서 사용된 안료에 대한 기초적인 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5783-5788
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• 2013

Trigonella foenum in graecum (Fenugreek) is a traditional herbal plant used to treat disorders like diabetes, high cholesterol, wounds, inflammation, gastrointestinal ailments, and it is believed to have anti-tumor properties, although the mechanisms for the activity remain to be elucidated. In this study, we prepared a methanol extract from Fenugreek whole plants and investigated the mechanism involved in its growth-inhibitory effect on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Apoptosis of MCF-7 cells was evidenced by investigating trypan blue exclusion, TUNEL and Caspase 3, 8, 9, p53, FADD, Bax and Bak by real-time PCR assays inducing activities, in the presence of FME at $65{\mu}g/mL$ for 24 and 48 hours. FME induced apoptosis was mediated by the death receptor pathway as demonstrated by the increased level of Fas receptor expression after FME treatment. However, such change was found to be absent in Caspase 3, 8, 9, p53, FADD, Bax and Bak, which was confirmed by a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. In summary, these data demonstrate that at least 90% of FME induced apoptosis in breast cell is mediated by Fas receptor-independently of either FADD, Caspase 8 or 3, as well as p53 interdependently.