• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.192-198
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine associations between marital status and vegetable intake. Methods: Data were from participants 30 years and over (n = 18,190) in the 2007~2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Marital status was divided into three groups: married, never married, and separated/divorced/widowed. Vegetable intake was estimated from the twenty-four hour dietary recall. Data were analyzed using a chi-square test, analysis of covariance, least squares means, and logistic regression. Results: Married respondents tend to consume more vegetables, including kimchi, than all other marital status groups. Vegetable intake, excluding kimchi, was lowest among 30~64 year-old respondents who had never married. Elderly men (65 years and older) who were never married/separated/divorced/ widowed had significantly lower vegetable intake than elderly men who were married (p = 0.0008). When considering the Korean dietary reference intake (KDRIs), elderly men who were never married/separated/divorced/widowed, compared with elderly men who were married, had a significantly higher odds ratio for consuming fewer vegetables than the KDRIs (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.13~2.37). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that marital status might influence vegetable intake and the probability of consuming fewer vegetables than the KDRIs. In particular, being never married/separated/divorced/ widowed might adversely affect vegetable consumption among elderly men, although assessing the causal effect of marital status from this cross-sectional study is difficult.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.211-238
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• 2012

Using data from Korean Longitudinal Study on Aging (KLoSA), this study examines how continuity and change of marital status is associated with health over time among older women, focusing on the moderating effects of age and parent-child relationships. KLoSA data set has two waves of interviews, and for this study, 2046 women aged 65 and over were selected. To analyze data, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used. The major findings are as follows. First, there was no statistically significant difference in health between continuously married older women and continuously single older women. However, older women who had transition from being married to being single showed lower physical health than continuously married and continuously single older women. Second, there were statistically significant differences in the effect of marital status on mental health according to the age of older women. Older women who had transition from being married to being single showed lower mental health than continuously married elders when older women were younger. Third, contact with children moderated the effect of marital status on physical health. Older women who had transition from being married to being single showed lower physical health than continuously single and continuously married older women when older women had less contact with their children. The findings imply after the loss of marital role, older women's relationship with adult children plays a significant role in promoting health. In conclusion, the findings of this study show the different pathways through which marital status is associated with health for 3 different groups of older women, being continuously single, being continuously married, and making transition from being married to being single.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.151-161
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• 2018

Background: Family values of a married woman may be related to her own depressive mood. Since depressive mood of a married woman is likely to exert a negative influence, in terms of mental health, on her, her family members, and the whole society's, it may be very important to explore the relationship between family values in married women and their depressive mood. Methods: In this study, we analyzed nationally representative 5,818 married women aged 20 years or older from the 4th panel data of 2012 Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families. As for variables of interest, we constructed three family values variables: family-oriented view of marriage, individualistic view of marriage, and traditional view of marital roles. Then we employed multivariate logistic regression analyses to explore the relationship between family values and depressive mood, adjusting for family and socio-demographic factors. Results: In total, 804 married women (18.4%) had experienced depressive mood. All of the three family values variables were significant in their relationships with depressive mood. The women categorized as 'very weak' in family-oriented view of marriage were more likely to experience depressive mood than the women categorized as 'very strong' (odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-2.55). By contrast, the women categorized as 'very weak' in individualistic view of marriage (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.33-0.55) and in traditional view of marital roles (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.92) were less likely to experience depressive mood than their respective counterpart women categorized as 'very strong.' Conclusion: In Korea, married women's values towards marriage itself and roles between wives and husbands had significant associations with their depressive mood. This suggests that in order to improve mental health in married women, we need to take social and cultural dimensions into consideration along with public health interventions.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.482-493
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• 2002

This study was conducted to explore depression, husband's support, the differences of these variables according to general characteristics, and the correlation of these variables in married women. The data was collected from May 2000 till July 2000 by using a questionnaire. The subjects were 419 married women in the area of Seoul and Kyunggi-Do. The data was analized using the SPSS program The results were as follows : 1. The mean score and standard deviation of depression was $13.97{\pm}8.49$ with the range scoring from 0 to 52. The mean score and standard deviation of the husband's support was $17.83{\pm}8.63$ with the range scoring the from 0 to 36. 2. The variables influencing depression were the woman's education level, the husband's education level, home income, marrital satisfaction, menstruation status, and sex related problems. The variables influencing husband's support were the woman's age, the husband's age, the women's education level, the husband's education level, the husband's religion, the husband's job, the home income, marrital period, marrital satisfaction, menstruation status, and sex related problems. 3. There was a moderative negative correlation between anxiety and the husband's support. In conclusion, community health nurses must plan and implement programs improving the husband's support in order to decrease depression in married women.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.79-92
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• 1994

The objectives of this study were to examine whether there were differences in family cohesion and adaptability perceived by married women when socio-demographic variables authority patterns and sex-role attitudes changed. Dividing the family system type into two parts by the levels of cohesion and adaptability then collected data were examined to test curviliner and linear hypothesis. The subjects were 542 married women living in Pusan. The guestionnaires included FACES III Authority Pattern and Sex-role attitude scales. The data were analyzed with statistical methods such as Frequency Distribution Percentile Mean T-test and X2-test. The major findings were as follows: 1) The levels of family cohesion and family adaptability perceived by married women were high. 2) There were no significant statistical differences in the levels of socio-demographic variables Authority pattern Sex-role attitude among the groups of family system type I based on the curvilinear hypothesis but significant statistical differences were found in preferred variables among the groups of family system type II based on the linear hypothesis. 3) Among the socio-demographic variables family type religion and husband's educational level were significantly correlated with the groups of family system type II,. The percentiles of HH(the levels of cohesion and adaptability were high) families were high when the married women's sex-role attitudes leaned toward modern and authority patterns were husband-dominant.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.1-12
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine how married women with a child perceived the low-fertility issue in order to increase the success of policy decisions for increasing the fertility rate and to present alternatives. The study subjects were 327 married women with a child who resided in Dongjak-gu, Seoul. After the survey was conducted, the collected data were analyzed with SPSS 11.5 program. The findings of the study were as follows. First, the married women who already had one child found it ideal to have two children. In fact, however, 36.4% had determined not to have another child, and only one parent wanted to have a second child in 26.9%. Second, they took a dismal view of the government's fertility encouragement policies, and they considered it necessary for the government to pursue a more down-to-earth measure. Third, economic aid for child rearing and education was identified as the most critical way to boost the childbirth rate. In conclusion, current national policies aimed at increasing the low-fertility rate are redundant if they are only designed to publicize government action. Actions need to be taken to assist married women in taking better advantage of the existing policies.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.337-348
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• 1999

This descriptive study was cone to investigate the incidence of and reasons for the interruption of breast-feeding by married nurses. For this purpose, data was collected from married nurses, each of whose last child was under five years old, living in Seoul, Tong Hae, Sam Chok and Kang Rung. The number of children involved was 208. The data was collected from various places in Seoul, Tong Hae, Sam Chok and Kang Rung area, using 150 survey questionnaires. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The proportion of children receiving breast-feeding was 1.4%, mixed feeding 33.8% and milk feeding 64.9%. The most frequent duration of breast-feeding was one month (80.2%). 2. The major reasons for breast-feeding were the health of the child 97%, and for emotional attachment with the child 75%. 3. The major reasons for interrupting breast-feeding were the job of mother 79.5%, and an abnormality of the breast or nipple 26.0%. 4. The major reasons for quitting breast-feeding were the job of mother 89.2%, insufficient breast milk 34.2%, and breast pain 19.9%. The above results suggest that the breast-feeding ratio in married nurses is very low. Therefore it is recommended that education about and propagation of breast-feeding be carried out. To enhance and promote breast-feeding, hospital managers should provide a comfortable environment, which is conducive to breast-feeding.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.45-62
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the ways in international married couples perceive the lives of their spouses as well as their own, and the ways in which they perceive their relationships with their children. In addition, the study attempts to explore the implicit meanings at work in the lives of international married families. The participants in this study were eight international married couples from rural areas and the data were gathered by means of semi-structured interviews. According to the findings, international married couples perceived their relationships with their children in terms of individual-specific maternal roles versus the Korean culturally-specific paternal roles. Secondly, in terms of their spouse' life, husbands relied more on their wives and had high expectations of them. On the other hand, wives had the tendency to pay more attention and place more hope on their children rather than their husbands. Lastly, regarding their own lives, the findings revealed that wives tended to maintain the hope and desire for a better life, whereas the husbands were unable to adapted to their reality and tended to look back on the past. In addition, the limitations of this study and suggestions for future studies were also discussed.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.57-73
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• 2019

This study explored how communication between married men and women is related to marital satisfaction, and verified the relationship through the medium effect of marital intimacy. A total number of 365 married men and women in their 30s-50s were surveyed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0 for technical statistics, frequency analysis, and regression analysis, and parametric analysis was performed using the method by Baron and Kenny(1986). The results of the study are as follows. First, as a result of the verification of differences in key variables according to the demographic characteristics, there were significant differences in the age group, education period and household income. Second, the analysis of the relationship through regression analysis shows that the demographic factors such as age, age of the youngest child, and more importantly couple communication, and marital intimacy are influential in marital satisfaction. Third, verification of the mediation analysis revealed that marital intimacy had partial mediation with communication and marital satisfaction. Through these research results, we verified that marital communication and marital intimacy are vital in order to improve marriage satisfaction for married men and women.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2010

This study uses qualitative data to examine the dynamics and barriers of the delayed family formation phenomenon among the never-married professionals in Korea. The data was drawn from focus groups of 14 never-married professionals aged 28 through 40. The investigation depicts several dimensions of the circumstances of never-married professionals that have not garnered much attention in the literature. This research provides initial evidence of critical influences within the socio-cultural contexts of the participants' dating behaviors as well as the willingness to many. Two different realities, based on gender, were discovered: both male and female voluntarily delayed marriage to pursue their career, education and success. As both reached their career goals, however, male participants experienced a rise in their value as a marriage prospect whereas females experienced decreased value as a marriage prospect. Hence, neo-traditional familism was the dominant value among the participants, but it also functioned as a major barrier to family formation because in the present value system, female professionals, must still struggle with the dual burdens of work and family management.