• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.495-508
• /
• 2023

To compare whether broadcast fact-checking news, which aims to overcome the limitations of objective reporting, ensures fairness, we analyzed 227 fact-checked news stories aired on the main news of KBS, MBC SBS, TV Chosun, JTBC MBN, and YTN from January 1, 2022 to May 31, 2022, when the 20th presidential and local election campaigns were held. The analysis showed clear differences in fact-checking targets and narratives by broadcasters. In general, MBC, JTBC,and YTN were more likely to favor liberal parties such as the Democratic Party, while TV Chosun had a lot of narratives favoring the conservative camp. SBS and MBN were relatively neutral. KBS seemed to be trying to remain outwardly neutral. SBS and TV Chosun were the most active in fact-checking, but they covered a wide range of issues and were characterized by a bias toward contextualizing issues that viewers were curious about, rather than clarifying the facts. The projection of ideological bias by broadcasters in fact-checking narratives is a challenge that needs to be overcome.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.227-231
• /
• 2024

This study purports to examine the potential effects of welfare attitudes of Korean people upon their political orientation. The 17^th Korea Welfare Panel Data(KWPD) in 2022 are used for this purpose. Independent variable include sex, age, education, interest in politics, and employment status. Discriminant analysis show several results. First and foremost, pre-established discriminant function works well for classification of respondents' liberal vs conservative stance. Secondly, except gender and dummy variable for temporary employed, all independent variables contribute significantly for the classification at a given significance level. . Finally, welfare attitudes of respondents', measured by universalism vs selectivism and the attitudes upon increasing tax for welfare expenditures are found to be significant and relatively big impacts upon dependent variable, compard to other variables in the model. The nature of causal relationship between welfare attitudes and political orientation remains for further study.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.85-122
• /
• 2001

This study compared and analyzed the effect of income-redistribution, collecting data on the basis of the estimated details of insurance contribution and individual money wage lists for each one year before and after the combination of medical insurance program for industrial workers, by systematic sampling, extracting 4,160 families(14,764 people) among people applied to medical insurance program for self employees in Taegu City on the basis of Oct. 1st in 1998 with 227 associations of medical insurance program for self employees and medical insurance program for government employees and private school teachers combined, comparing the effect of income redistribution of before and after the combination of medical insurance program for self employees. The insurance contribution by household after the combination of medical insurance program for self employees showed the increase rate of average 20.9%, among them households of 68.8% increased and 31.2% decreased. The effect of income-redistribution was more positive because the degree of inequality was more deepened from 0.64 of the before-combination to 0.45 of the after-one in decile distribution ratio, from 0.26 to 0.34 in Gini -coefficient. Decile distribution ratio on the basis of insurance benefits by household was from 0.09 in the before-combination to 0.14 in the after-one, Gini-coefficient from 0.16 in the before-combination to 0.57 in the after-one was a little lowered. And decile distribution ratio of insurance benefits on the basis of insurance contribution was higher from 1.08 in the before-combination to 1.23 in the after-one, concentration index was a little lowered from 0.14 to 0.11, the effect of income-redistribution was improved in the phase of insurance benefits. The income-transfer rate of medical insurance program for self employees (the occupied rate of insurance benefits/ the occupied rate of insurance contribution) showed a lower trend in all of the before and after-combination towards upper classes, it was known that the income-transfer rate was higher from 1st degree to 7th degree in the after-combination in comparison with the before-one, but the effect of income¬redistribution was high because the income-transfer rate was lowered from 8th degree to 10th degree. The rate of medical insurance benefits (insurance benefits/ insurance contribution) increased from 0.79 in the before-combination to 1.07 in the after-one, and showed over 1.0 under 3th degree before the combination, but all of it was higher than 1.0 under 7th degree after the combination, the after-combination was more improved than the before-one in view of the rate of insurance benefits. As the result of above, on the basis of Oct. 1st in 1998 that 227 associations of medical insurance program for self employees was combined into one, we could say that the equality of imposing medical insurance contribution was more re-considered in the after-combination than in the before-one. But this study analyzed with classes divided, anyway, on the basis of insurance contribution, we have limit in explaining the correct effect of income-redistribution, because it was not analyzed according to classes of income, though it helps to analogize the effect of income-redistribution. So there must be analysis about the effect of income-redistribution, on the basis of the system, building up the system to grasp the correct income of the insureds of medical insurance program for self employees.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.306-315
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study in the case of stress recognition, the lower the age was, as they had a spouse, the higher they got educated, and the worse their subjective health state was, the higher the stress recognition appeared. this study selected 6,227 adults over the age of 19 from the 5th first-year data of Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHNES)conducted by KCDC(Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)in 2010. In the case of experience of depression symptoms, female subjects experienced more depression symptoms than male ones; study subjects aged between 19 and 54 years experienced more; the worse their subjective health state was, the more they experienced; and in the case of non-education about diabetics, those who did physical activity more than four days experienced more symptoms. In the case of suicide ideation, female subjects ideation suicide more than male ones; as they had no spouse, the lower they got educated, the worse their subjective health state was, and as they never did physical activity, they more experienced suicide ideation. Then, it is expected that the results of this study can contribute to chronic-disease patients'leading a much healthier life in the future.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.163-172
• /
• 2011

To provide the operation rule curve for suppling instream flow to urban stream from reservoir, the Soho reservoir with watershed area of 7.4 $km^2$ and total water storage of 2.58 $Mm^3$ was planned at the headwaters of the Daejeoncheon. Daily streamflow was simulated and using the simulated streamflow and desired instream flow, the operation rule curve by Senga method was drawn and evaluated through reservoir operation. Senga method is derived by accumulating the differences between streamflow and desired instream flow adversely. Water storages were simulated on a daily basis to supply urban instream flow from Soho reservoir, but the amount of supplying instream flow to urban stream was not nearly increased comparing with that of normal operation that does not used the rule curve. Thereafter the new simulation-based operation rule curve was derived and applied to supply instream flow from Soho reservoir. In normal operation, the amount of instream flow was shown to 15,000 $m^3$/d, but it was increased to 27,700 $m^3$/d in withdrawal limited operation using the new derived rule curve, in which the applicability of this rule curve was proved. Also comparing with the flow duration curves at station just before urban Daejeoncheon stream without and with upstream Soho reservoir, the 95th flow was decreased from 1.64 mm/d to 1.51 mm/d, and the 355th flow was increased from 0.17 mm/d to 0.30 mm/d. Monthly streamflows during October to March were increased from 10.6~24.1 mm to 24.1~34.0 mm with the increasing rate of 141~227%.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.227-252
• /
• 2012

Given the lack of research on the measurement domain, this paper analyzed the statements related to length and area in the curricular materials developed under the 7th and the current mathematics curriculum in terms of the degree of guidance and the key learning elements of measurement. The results showed that despite the similarity of the most prevalent guidance type and learning elements, the current materials used open-ended or combined types in place of guided types and employed measurement reasoning and components while decreasing mere calculation in measurement, in comparison with the previous textbooks and workbooks. This paper close with implications on the revision of curricular materials related to the measurement domain as well as methodological suggestions of textbook analysis.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.227-243
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to analyze a causal relations of children's learned helplessness, stress, perception of self-competence and mother's childrearing attitudes. The subjects were 370 of 4th and 6th grade in elementary school and the second grade in junior high school in Busan and their's mothers. The instruments used for this study were learned helplessness scale, stress scale, self-perception profile for children, and childrearing attitude scale. The data was analyzed with pearson's correlation, multiple regression and path analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows : 1. Children's global self-worth, social self, age and mother's controlling childrearing attitudes predicted children's stress. 21% of the variance of children's stress was explained by these variables. 2. Children's stress, global self-worth, academic and social self predicted children's learned helplessness. 54% of the variance of children's learned helplessness was explained by these variables. 3. 1) Global self-worth was the first contribution and had a indirect effect through stress as well as a direct effect on children's learned helplessness. 2) Children's stress and academic self had direct effect on children's learned helplessness. 3) Children's social self had a indirect effect through stress as well as a direct effect on children's learned helplessness. 4) Mother's affectionate childrearing attitudes had indirect effect through academic, and social self and global self-worth on children's learned helplessness. Mother's controlling childrearing attitudes had indirect effect through stress on children's learned helplessness. Children's age had a indirect effect through global self-worth and stress and children's sex had a indirect effect through social self on children's learned helplessness.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.418-429
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the relationship between Sense of Humor, Coping Humor, Perceived stress and self-esteem in the middle-aged women. Methods: Data were collected from the 20th of June to the 30th of August in 2009 from 145 middle-aged women living in Seoul. Data analysis was done with SPSS/WIN 12.0 program for descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation. Results: The mean score of the humor sense was $55.94{\pm}6.52$, coping humor was $21.11{\pm}3.82$, perceived stress was $22.21{\pm}3.03$ and self-esteem was $27.50{\pm}2.88$. Subcategories of sense of humor were that emotional expressiveness was average $20.75{\pm}2.70$, meta-message sensitivity was average $20.12{\pm}2.74$ and liking of humor was average $15.13{\pm}3.44$. Sense of humor was difference according to the economic status(t=2.000, p=.047), coping humor was difference according to the on medication use(t=2.227, p=.027). There was a significant correlation between the coping humor, perceived stress and the self-esteem. When the coping humor was higher, perceived stress was lower and the self-esteem was higher. Conclusion: This study showed that medication and economic status influences the humor scores and the sense of humor and coping humor were related to perceived stress and self-esteem in middle-aged women Therefore, these findings can provide the basis for the development of nursing intervention to increase the ability to coping with stress.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.227-247
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in the meanings of two $7^{th}$ grade students over 'a' in expressing and interpreting a function of the form of 'y=ax+b(a, b is a constant, $a{\neq}0$)', and to identify causes of the differences. We collected data from a teaching experiment with four $7^{th}$ grade students who participated in 23 teaching episodes. Analysis of the collected data revealed marked differences between student A and student B in expressing and interpreting given situations with linear functions. The differences between the two students and the causes of differences were also analyzed. The results show that the students expressed and interpreted 'a' in the linear function 'y=ax+b', on the basis of their construction of quantities and their quantitative relationships in a given situation involving a constant rate of change.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.227-239
• /
• 2011

Objectives: This study was performed to report the case of oriental medical treatment for the left lower limb monoplegia after herniated intervertebral disc(HIVD) operation at lumbar(L)-spine. Methods: A 38-year-old man who underwent lumbar HIVD operation at a hospital admitted with motor weakness of left lower limb, a little decreased left leg radiation pain and low back pain. We treated him by acupuncture, herbal medicine, bee venom injection moxibustion, cupping treatment physical therapy and measured with visual analogue scale(VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI), Roland-Morris disability questionnaire(RMDO) and manual muscle test(MMT) from 8th February to 4th May 2011. Results: After treatment most symptoms decreased, VAS score changed from 10 to 3, ODI changed 71% to 37% RMDQ changed 13 to 8 and MMT changed from 3 to 5. Conclusions: Our study suggested that oriental medical treatments are significantly applicable to the monoplegia and pain after lumbar HIVD operation. And further studies ire required to identify underlying mechanism of the treatment.