• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.267-272
• /
• 2001

This study was carried out to assess the reproductive toxicity of 2-bromopropane (S-BP) using spermatogenesis stage classification and Sertoli cell indices (SCI).Vehicle control olive oil and 2-BP doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of body weight were injected in the interaperitoneum of 12 weeks male Sprague-Dawley rats for 28 days respectively of SCI on germ cells including the spermatogonia of stages II-III, Ⅵ,Ⅹ, XII, ⅩIII, and spermatocytes of stages VIII (preleptotene), Ⅹ (leptotene), XII (leptotene), V and Ⅵ (pachytene), and the round spermatids of stage Ⅵ. Considering the process of maturation depletion in spermatonesis, spermatogonia may be the primary target cells of 2-BP toxicity.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2001

The estrogenic potency of di -2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) using reverse transcriptase-PCR respouse of liver vitellogenin mRNA in male African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) was studied. Male frogs were injected with DEHP at dose of 300$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg and 300 mg/kg body weight through the dorsal lymph sac. After 4 days, using suitable pair of RT-PCR primers, vitellogenin mRNA induction in the liver was measured and DEHP showed vitellogenin mRNA induction in only the group treated with 300 mg/kg. Any significant histological abnormalities by the exposure of DEHP was not shown in both testis and liver.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.313-322
• /
• 1982

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of long- term Ginseng administration on metabolism of rats during growing period. A group of pregnant rats was divided into 2 groups, the one was given 18% casein diet and the other, 18% casein diet with ginseng powder 500 mg/kg body was during the gestation and lactation. After weaning, 84 male offsprings were taken at random from the 2 groups. The rats from each group were divided subsequently into 2 groups. Ginseng and control group. The rats were sacrificed at three different times -7, 11, 17 weeks of age. The body weight and amount of food intake were measared during the feeding period. After sacrificing, the weight of some organs, liver glycogen. serum total lipid values, urinary nitrogen and creatinine were examined. The results were analysed by t-test and F-test Results obtained are summarized as follows : 1) Addition of Ginseng did not significantly affect the body weight of rats. 2) The weight of liver, testis, epididymal fat pad were not significantly different between ginseng group and control group during the experimental period. 3) Urinary nitrogen and creatinine did not have significance among all the experimental groups. 4) Amount of liver glycogen was not statistically significant in the ginseng group and control group. 5) The serum total lipid values of rats Iron ginseng group was not statistically different from that of the control group. It can be concluded that Ginseng, 500 mg ginseng powder /kg body wt, does not affect the metabolism of rats under the conditions of this study.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.2477-2483
• /
• 2014

Azoxymethane (AOM) is a potent genotoxic carcinogen which specifically induces colon cancer. Hyperlipidemia and diabetes have several influences on colon cancer development, with genetic and environmental exposure aspects. Here, we investigated plasma lipid and glucose concentrations in Kunming mice randomized into four groups; control (no AOM or oil exposure), AOM control, AOM + pork oil, and AOM + canola oil. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF), plasma cholesterol, plasma triglyceride, plasma glucose and organ weight were examined 32 weeks after AOM injection. Results revealed that AOM exposure significantly increased ACF number, plasma triglyceride and glucose level. Further, male mice displayed a much higher plasma triglyceride level than female mice in the AOM control group. Dietary fat significantly inhibited AOM-induced hypertriglyceridemia, and canola oil had stronger inhibitory effect than pork oil. AOM-induced hyperglycemia had no sex-difference and was not significantly modified by dietary fat. However, AOM itself not change plasma cholesterol level. AOM significantly increased liver and spleen weight in male mice, but decreased kidney weight in female mice. On the other hand, mice testis weight decreased when fed canola oil. AOM could induce colorectal carcinogenesis, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia in Kunming mice at the same time, with subsequent studies required to investigate their genome association.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.939-945
• /
• 2003

In order to examine the antioxidant action of Loranthus parasiticus (L.) merr (LP), the study was done through measurement of parameters such as LPO, GSH, SOD, catalase, GOT, GPT and ALP. The results were obtained as follows: For the weight changes, in the left cerebrum, right cerebrum, cerebellum and testis, the group given LP showed small increase compared to the control group. But the weight changes were not significant. In the left cerebrum, the group given LP showed significant decrease compared to the control group in the content of LPO and significant increase compared to the control group in the activity of SOD. But in the right cerebrum, cerebellum the changes were not significant. For the changes of contents of SOD and catalase in the liver, the group given LP showed significant increase compared to the control group. For the changes of the activity of SOD in the kidney, the group given LP showed significant increase compared to the control group. For the changes of contents of LPO and GSH in the spleen, the group given LP were showed no significant decrease compared to the control group. And for the changes of the activities of SOD and catalase, the group given LP showed no significant increase compared to the control group. For the changes of content of LPO in the testis, the group given LP showed significant decrease compared to the control group. And for the changes of the activity of catalase, the group given LP showed significant increase compared to the control group. For the changes of GOT, GPT in the serum, the group given LP showed significant decrease compared to the control group. From above results, the antioxidant action of LP is effective. And it is expected to be necessary to the study of the mechanism in the antioxidant of LP.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.253-260
• /
• 2008

Gonadal development, gametogenesis, reproductive cycle, spawning, relative weight of flesh, and onset of sexual maturity of the murex shell, Ceratostoma rorifluum, collected from the rocky intertidal zone of Daehang-ri, Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea were investigated monthly from January to December 2005 both cytologically and histologically. The gonads were widely placed on the digestive gland located in the posterior spiral fleshy part in the shell. C. rorifluum had separate sexes, and was an internal fertilizer. The sex ratio of females to males was approximately 1:1. The ovary and testis contained a great number of oogenic follicles and spermatogenic tubules, respectively. The oogonia and fully ripe oocytes were $15-19{\mu}m$ and $150-160{\mu}m$ in diameter, respectively, and the cytoplasm of the ripe oocytes contained a number of yolk granules. The relative weight of flesh reached a maximum in August($39.35{\pm}0.40%$), and then decreased rapidly in November($32.75{\pm}1.20%$). The percentages of female and male snails at first sexual maturity with shell heights ranging from 12.1-14.0 mm were 60.0% and 52.9%, respectively, while 100% of the snails of both sexes with shell heights over 18.1 mm were reproductively active. Based on the gonadal development and histological observations, the reproductive cycle of the snail could be categorized into five successive stages: early active(December to May), late active(March to July), ripe(June to September), spawning(July to October), and recovery(October to March). C. rorifluum spawned once a year between July and October, and the majority of spawning occurred in September when the seawater temperature exceeded $23.5^{\circ}C$.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.67-71
• /
• 1999

전신 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사 24 시간 전에 Cordyceps sinensis (Cs) 추출물을 복강에 단일 투여하였을 때 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사된 생쥐의 생존율, 체중, 기관 무게 및 혈청 대사물에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. Cs 추출물의 투여는 ${\gamma}$ - 선을 조사한 생쥐의 40 - day 생존율을 66.7%에서 83.4%로 증가시켰다. 또한 Cs 추출물의 투여는 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사에 의한 비장과 흉선의 무게감소를 완전히 막아 주었다 (P<0.05, P<0.01). 한편 이와 유사하나 다소 적은 방사선 방호효과가 Cs 투여군의 고환에서도 관찰되었다. Cs 추출물의 투여는 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사시 나타나는 조사 7 일째의 고혈당 효과를 억제하였다 (P<0.01). 그러나 조사된 기간 동안 혈청 콜레스테롤과 단백질의 수준에는 아무런 영향을 주지 않았다. 본 연구는 Cs가 방사선 방호효과를 보여주는 최초의 보고이다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.385-392
• /
• 2004

Gonadal development, gametogenesis, reproductive cycle, gonad index, and flesh weight rate of the murex shell (Ocenebra japonica) collected from the rocky intertidal zone of Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea were investigated by means of histological method from January to December 2002. O. japonica had separate sexes, and was oviparous. The gonad was widely situated on the surface of the digestive gland located in the rear of the spiral flesh part in the shell. The male penis was located near the two tentacles. The ovary was composed of a number of oogenic follicles, and the testis was composed of several spermatogenic tubules. The size of ripe oocyte was approximately $140{\mu}m$ in diameter. The gonad index (GI) began to increase in March $(33.24{\pm}2.33)$ and reached the maximum in June $(47.77{\pm}1.90)$ Thereafter, the values decreased from July $(45.12{\pm}3.60)$ to October $(19.32{\pm}2.91)$. The flesh weight rate (FWR) began to increase in January $(25.93{\pm}1.32)$ and reached the maxium in May $(31.78{\pm}1.09)$ Thereafter, the values decreased from June $(31.50{\pm}0.66)$ to October $(24.09{\pm}1.60)$. The reproductive cycle could be classified into five successive stages: early active (October to April), late active (January to June), ripe (May to September), spawning (July to September) and recovery (September to February). The reproductive cycle was closely related to the seawater temperature.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.161-167
• /
• 2020

Objective: Oxidative stress has been suggested as a possible mechanism for the adverse effects of heavy metal toxicity on male reproduction. Cichorium intybus L. is used in Iranian folk medicine as a hepatoprotective agent as well as for its supposed fertility-enhancing properties. The present study was performed to investigate whether the ethanolic extract of C. intybus leaves could protect male rats against lead-induced testicular oxidative stress. Methods: In this experimental study, adult Wistar rats were treated with 0.1% lead acetate in drinking water alone or with 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg body weight of C. intybus extract via gavage once daily for 70 days. The weight of their reproductive organs, levels of serum hormones, histometric parameters of the seminiferous tubules, epidydimal sperm quality, and oxidative stress status were evaluated. Results: The testis weight, seminiferous tubule diameter, epididymal sperm count, serum testosterone level, and testicular levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly reduced (p< 0.05) in the lead-treated rats. Moreover, significantly (p< 0.05) higher levels of malondialdehyde were observed in the lead-exposed group compared to the control. However, the co-administration of C. intybus ethanolic extract in lead-treated rats was associated with a significant improvement in reproductive parameters. Conclusion: We conclude that C. intybus leaf extract has the potential to prevent lead-induced testicular toxicity and to suppress the adverse effects of lead on male reproductive health.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.653-659
• /
• 2015

High-protein fermented whey beverage (FWB) was manufactured using whey protein concentrate (WPC) and Lactobacillus plantarum DK211 isolated from kimchi. This study was designed to evaluate the anti-obesity activity of FWB in male rats fed a high-fat diet. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n=8 per group). The three groups differed in their diet; one group received a normal diet (ND), another, a high-fat diet (HD), and the third, a HD plus fermented whey beverage (HDFWB), for 4 wk. Supplementation with FWB (the HDFWB group) prevented weight gain and body fat accumulation. The food intake in the HDWFB group was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of the HD group. The HDWFB group also showed a significant decrease in organ weights (p<0.05), except for the weight of the testis. There was a significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides in the HDFWB group compared with the HD group (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in serum HDL-cholesterol levels among the experimental groups. Rats ingesting FWB (the HDFWB group) also showed a significant decrease in blood glucose levels, and plasma levels of insulin, leptin, and ghrelin compared to HD group (p<0.05). These results indicate that FWB has beneficial effects on dietary control, weight control, and reduction in fat composition and serum lipid level; consequently, it may provide antiobesity and hypolipidemic activity against high fat diet-induced obesity in rats.