• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.283-294
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• 2007

Conventional culture-based methods of enumerating rumen microorganisms (bacteria, archaea, protozoa, and fungi) are being rapidly replaced by nucleic acid-based techniques which can be used to characterise complex microbial communities without incubation. The foundation of these techniques is 16S/18S rDNA sequence analysis which has provided a phylogenetically based classification scheme for enumeration and identification of microbial community members. While these analyses are very informative for determining the composition of the microbial community and monitoring changes in population size, they can only infer function based on these observations. The next step in functional analysis of the ecosystem is to measure how specific and, or, predominant members of the ecosystem are operating and interacting with other groups. It is also apparent that techniques which optimise the analysis of complex microbial communities rather than the detection of single organisms will need to address the issues of high throughput analysis using many primers/probes in a single sample. Nearly all the molecular ecological techniques are dependant upon the efficient extraction of high quality DNA/RNA representing the diversity of ruminal microbial communities. Recent reviews and technical manuals written on the subject of molecular microbial ecology of animals provide a broad perspective of the variety of techniques available and their potential application in the field of animal science which is beyond the scope of this treatise. This paper will focus on nucleic acid based molecular methods which have recently been developed for studying major functional groups (cellulolytic bacteria, protozoa, fungi and methanogens) of microorganisms that are important in nutritional studies, as well as, novel methods for studying microbial diversity and function from a genomics perspective.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.443-461
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• 2014

Overlay routing has emerged as a promising approach to improve reliability and efficiency of the Internet. For one-hop overlay source routing, when a given primary path suffers from the link failure or performance degradation, the source can reroute the traffic to the destination via a strategically placed relay node. However, the over-heavy traffic passing through the same relay node may cause frequent package loss and delay jitter, which can degrade the throughput and utilization of the network. To overcome this problem, we propose a Load-Balanced One-hop Overlay Multipath Routing algorithm (LB-OOMR), in which the traffic is first split at the source edge nodes and then transmitted along multiple one-hop overlay paths. In order to determine an optimal split ratio for the traffic, we formulate the problem as a linear programming (LP) formulation, whose goal is to minimize the worse-case network congestion ratio. Since it is difficult to solve this LP problem in practical time, a heuristic algorithm is introduced to select the relay nodes for constructing the disjoint one-hop overlay paths, which greatly reduces the computational complexity of the LP algorithm. Simulations based on a real ISP network and a synthetic Internet topology show that our proposed algorithm can reduce the network congestion ratio dramatically, and achieve high-quality overlay routing service.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.381-391
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• 2018

본 논문은 지하철 PSD(Platform Screen Door)광고의 효과증진을 위하여, 동적 대상은 정적 대상에 비해 강한 시선 유인 효과를 가진다는 이론적 배경을 전제로, 동적 이미지를 활용한 새로운 형태의 PSD광고를 제안하는 것에 연구의 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 스크린도어와 전동차의 관계 분석을 통해, 효율적인 동적 이미지 구현을 위한, 위치적, 시각적 요소들을 도출하였다. 그 후, 이러한 요소들을 적용한 예시광고를 제작, 3D 프로그램 상에 적용함으로서, 동적 PSD광고의 구현 과정을 확인하였다. 연구결과, 시간차를 이용한 이미지 합성을 통해서 동적 시각효과를 보여줄 수 있는 새로운 형태의 PSD광고 제작이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었고, 이미지들의 조합과 적용에 따라 다양한 시각적 표현이 가능하기에, 본 연구의 제안이 PSD광고라는 광고매체에 다양성을 부여할 수 있음을 또한 확인하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2018

본 연구는 우리나라 제4차 산업혁명 대응에 있어 사회-기술시스템론적 공공관리의 적용 가능성을 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 제4차 산업혁명의 주요 개념과 논의점 검토와 함께 해외 선도국가들의 대응 전략을 국내외 문헌 연구를 통해 분석하였다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 기술 중심에서 벗어나 사회적 난제 해결과 인간중심의 사회 혁신을 위해 제4차 산업혁명을 이끄는 정부 정책기조의 변화 필요성을 강조하였다. 즉 제4차 산업혁명의 변화에 대응하여 사회적 난제를 해결하기 위해서는 기존의 수직적, 계층적, 분화적, 기계적 정부시스템을 과감히 탈피하고, 사회-기술시스템론적 공공관리 방식을 강조해야 한다고 보았다. 향후 정부의 정책 방향은 혁신을 확산할 수 있는 창발적이며 내재적인 모습을 보여야 하며, 정부조직과 정부운영방식의 재설계, 정부 정책영역의 재설정과 이를 입법적으로 뒷받침하는 입법행정의 공조 전략이 필요하다. 본 연구는 공공부문의 제4차 산업혁명 대응성 강화를 위한 정책연구의 첫 논의라는 점에 의미가 있으며 후속연구가 이러지기를 바란다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2001

According to the new general movement of ESSD in Korea, the role, background, and subjects, etc. of Ecological Restoration Area were studied to find out the way for this area to be settled as one kind of industry. Questionnaire and literature study were carried out to understand and to find out the way of the area settlement with the conceptual and practical definition of it. The related sub-areas studied were 1. regulations and standards including design and construction 2. researches and developments around the area 3. related curriculums applying in the educational organizations 4. present situation of the industry. Followings are the results of this study and several proposals for the area to be settled in Korea with the other related areas. 1. The boundary of Ecological Restoration could be defined as the concept of preservation(or conservation) and restoration of the ecosystem with ecological planting - including the restoration strategies for the areas of slope, artificial foundations, watersides and wetlands, with in bio-diversity and eco-forests for these areas. 2. It seems that the more investments needed for the elaborate and professional techniques to be developed for the design and construction works to the contrary that the base of this area be matured already in the several sub-areas. 3. For the successful work of Environmental Restoration, defining the new industrial branch -independent from existing construction industry- is recommended through the law system under the control of the Ministry of Environment. It will be better if professional officer system in governmental organization could follow up this. 4. Educational organization and Technical expert qualifying system to train the Ecological Restoration Professionals should be induced for the effective practice of the area.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2023

낙서는 대부분 불규칙한 형태와 패턴을 갖추고 있기에, 인공지능이 불규칙한 낙서를 기계적으로 패턴을 인식하고 예측하기란 매우 어렵다. 만약 그려진 원이 완벽한 동그라미가 아니거나, 직선도 완전히 일직선이 아닐 경우, 인간은 별도의 학습 과정 없이도 낙서를 인식하고 예측할 수 있다. 이에 반해, 인공지능은 주어진 학습 데이터로 패턴을 학습해야만 낙서를 인식하고 예측한다. 본 논문은 국적, 문화, 왼손잡이 또는 오른손잡이 등 관계없이 다양한 사람들의 낙서 이미지 데이터셋을 활용한다. 그리고 두 가지의 신경망 학습을 거친 뒤, 어느 신경망이 더 높은 정확도를 제공하는지, 낙서 이미지 예측에 더 적합한지 대한 여부를 결정한다. 인공지능을 통한 낙서 이미지 예측을 하는 이유는 신경망을 활용함으로써, 인간의 표현과 의도에 대한 독특한 관점을 제공할 수 있기 때문이다. 가령, 인간이 그린 낙서에 대해 인공지능이 제공하는 다양한 이미지를 활용하여 예술적인 표현의 다양성을 촉진하고 창작 영역을 넓히는 데 기여할 것으로 기대한다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제49권12호
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• pp.653-654
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• 2016

The human reference genome, maintained by the Genome Reference Consortium, is conceivably the most complete genome assembly ever, since its first construction. It has continually been improved by incorporating corrections made to the previous assemblies, thanks to various technological advances. Many currently-ongoing population sequencing projects have been based on this reference genome, heightening hopes of the development of useful medical applications of genomic information, thanks to the recent maturation of high-throughput sequencing technologies. However, just one reference genome does not fit all the populations across the globe, because of the large diversity in genomic structures and technical limitations inherent to short read sequencing methods. The recent success in de novo construction of the highly contiguous Asian diploid genome AK1, by combining single molecule technologies with routine sequencing data without resorting to traditional clone-by-clone sequencing and physical mapping, reveals the nature of genomic structure variation by detecting thousands of novel structural variations and by finally filling in some of the prior gaps which had persistently remained in the current human reference genome. Now it is expected that the AK1 genome, soon to be paired with more upcoming de novo assembled genomes, will provide a chance to explore what it is really like to use ancestry-specific reference genomes instead of hg19/hg38 for population genomics. This is a major step towards the furthering of genetically-based precision medicine.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.828-839
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• 2006

These days, by the accelerated developments of science and industries and the menaces of war and terror, humans have come to have instinct to recur and nostalgia to nature and thereby many art works and designs with natural objectives have begun to be produced. Also the design in 21st century requires creative products based on cultural speciality of the countries. As the examples, we may easily find the images of the countries from visual expressions or products when we get in touch with the products of so called advanced countries in design i. e. U.S.A. Japan, Germany, France, Italy, countries of Scandinavian peninsular. This study, in such stream of the times, was to express our culture's own originality on clothing design with butterfly that is one of natural thing as the material but limited the boundary to realistic butterflies in folk drawings of the times of Chosun. As for the technique of expression, used digital textile printing for best expression of the fine lines, realistic shapes and peculiar colors of the butterflies in Chosun folk drawings and used diverse materials as materials for printing for diversity of the designs. Thereby this thesis is purposed to grope the products with superior competitiveness in the world market by presenting the realistic butterflies in Chosun folk drawings as motives with cultural value native to Korea and applying them to clothing designs.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.67-83
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• 1997

The utility of learning techniques in investment analysis has been demonstrated in many areas, ranging from forecasting individual stocks to entire market indexes. To date, however, the application of artificial intelligence to financial forecasting has focused largely on short predictive horizons. Usually the forecast window is a single period ahead; if the input data involve daily observations, the forecast is for one day ahead; if monthly observations, then a month ahead; and so on. Thus far little work has been conducted on the efficacy of long-term prediction involving multiperiod forecasting. This paper examines the impact of alternative procedures for extended prediction using knowledge discovery techniques. One dimension in the study involves temporal granularity: a single jump from the present period to the end of the forecast window versus a web of short-term forecasts involving a sequence of single-period predictions. Another parameter relates to the numerosity of input variables: a technical approach involving only lagged observations of the target variable versus a fundamental approach involving multiple variables. The dual possibilities along each of the granularity and numerosity dimensions entail a total of 4 models. These models are first evaluated using neural networks, then compared against a multi-input jump model using case based reasoning. The computational models are examined in the context of forecasting the S&P 500 index.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2018

Direct membrane filtration (DMF) of wastewater has many advantages over conventional biological wastewater treatment processes. DMF is not only compact, but potentially energy efficient due to the lack of biological aeration. It also produces more biosolids that can be used to produce methane gas through anaerobic digestion. Most of ammoniacal nitrogen in wastewater is preserved in effluent and is used as fertilizer when effluent is recycled for irrigation. In this study, a technical feasibility of DMF was explored. Organic and nitrogen removal efficiencies were compared between DMF and membrane bioreactor (MBR). Despite the extremely high F/V ratio, e.g., $14.4kg\;COD/m^3/d$, DMF provided very high COD removal efficiencies at ~93%. Soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were less in DMF sludge, but membrane fouling rate was far greater than in MBR. The diversity of microbial community in DMF appeared very narrow based on the morphological observation using optical microscope. On the contrary, highly diverse microbial community was observed in the MBR. Microorganisms tended to form jelly globs and attach on reactor wall in DMF. FT-IR study revealed that the biological globs were structurally supported by feather-like materials made of secondary amines. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) study showed microorganisms mainly resided on the external surface of microbial globs rather than the internal spaces.