• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.635-643
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of goal-setting on Eco-driving behaviors. An additional purpose was to examine whether setting goals on target behaviors has spread effects on non-target Eco-driving behaviors. Three office workers who drive regularly participated in this study. An AB multiple baseline design was adopted. After baseline (A), participants set goals on two or three target behaviors(e.g., over speeding, put the gears in neutral, extreme acceleration) (B). Results showed that goal-setting was effective in increasing the targeted Eco-driving behaviors. In Addition, most of the non-target Eco-driving behaviors(e.g., extreme break, extreme acceleration) increased.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.124-129
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of goal-setting on Eco-driving behaviors. An additional purpose was to examine whether setting goals on target behaviors had spread effects on non-target eco-driving behaviors. Three office workers who drive regularly participated in this study. An AB multiple baseline design was adopted. After baseline (A), participants set goals on two or three target behaviors(e.g., over speeding, put the gears in neutral, extreme acceleration) (B). Results showed that goal-setting was effective in increasing the targeted eco-driving behaviors. In addition, most of the non-target eco-driving behaviors(e.g., extreme break, extreme acceleration) increased.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2010

The subject is to find green roofs' location as stepping stones in green-network in fine scale. The study site is Junggu, Seoul, which has core areas(Bukaksan and Namsan) and green areas(parks, etc.). Through literature review, the closer to core areas and green areas, target species reach green roof easier, and target species must be avifauna(flying species) and high class in food chain, because of possibility of reaching. So, Great Tits, inhabited in Namsan and urban bird, is target species. The location standard of green roofs, realized birds' reaching distance, consists of home range(horizontal range and vertical range) and roof-greening capable area. The green roofs' distribution of location was resulted through GIS analysis of feasible site finding, and classified with weight of score. In discussion, Namsan gives more effect to locate green roofs than Bukaksan does and selected buildings which are grouped in some parts need to be managed with group, green roof district.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1990

This study is concerned with the accuracy, of error with which subjects can interpolate the location of a target between two graduation markers with 4 orientations and 6 sizes CRT display. Stimuli were graphic images on CRT with a linear, end-markec, ungraduated scales having a target. The location of a target is estimated in units over te range 1-99. Smallest error of estimates was at the near ends and middle of the base-line. The median error was less than 2 units, modal error was 1, and the most error (; 99.7%) was within 10. A proper size to make an minimum error in interpolation exists such that size 400 pixels. Interpolation estimation is shown to be affected by the size, location and interaction (orientation x location, size x location). The accuracy, interpolation performance are discussed in relation to absolute error associated with visual performance.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2006

Monoclonal antibodies are designed to bind specifically to certain antigen, give therapeutic effect to the target and to be produced in large scale with homogeneity. The monoclonal antibodies conjugated with radionuclide can deliver therapeutic irradiation to the target, and showed successful results in certain malignancies, which is known as radioimmunotherapy. The target-to-background ratio depends on the antigen expression in the target and normal tissues, which is related to the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity in radioimmunotherapy. For the solid tumor beta-ray energy should be high, but lower beta energy is better for the hematological malignancies. I-l31 is widely used in thyroid cancer with low cost and high availability. Labeling monoclonal antibody with I-131 is relatively simple and reproducible. Some preclinical data for the I-131 labeled monoclonal antibodies including acute toxicity and efficacy are available from already published literatures in KIRAMS, physician sponsored clinical trial protocols using Rituximab, KFDA approved anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody and I-131 were approved by KFDA and currently are ongoing.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.175-190
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• 2013

This study considers reliability growth management as the excellent method for construction equipment development with the effect on decreasing COPQ(Cost of Poor Quality Cost) of new products. MIL-HDBK-189A(1981) and RADC-TR-84-20(1984) standards provide a general concept of reliability growth management including to reliability growth test, models and FRACAS(Failure Reporting and Corrective Action System). There is no study how to apply reliability growth management to construction equipment(or machine) development. This paper propose the method to apply it to construction equipment development process from the reliability target setting for developing products to launching them at market. It is expecially showing how to set target reliability for new developing equipment and the development risk to reach the reliability target in detail.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.469-481
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• 2004

차등 서비스 네트워크(Diffserv network)의 AF 서비스(Assured Forwarding Service)에 대한 기존 연구는 RTT(Round Trip Time), 목표 전송률(CTR: Committed Target Rate), TCP에 대한 UDP의 영향에 따른 전송률 분배의 공평성에 대한 고려가 부족하다. 본 논문에서는 기존 연구에서의 문제점들을 개선한 TRA3CM(Target rate and RTT Aware 3 Color Marker) 기법 및 TRBD(Target Rate Based Dropping) 기법을 이용하는 FDSA(Fair Differentiated Service Architecture) 구조를 제안한다. TRA3CM 및 TRBD 기법은 RTT, 목표 전송률, UDP 플로우 등을 고려한 마킹 및 패킷 폐기 기능을 제공하여 집합 플로우들 사이에 공평하게 전송률을 분배할 수 있다. ns 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 기존 방식들과 비교한 결과 제안한 TRA3CM 및 TRBD 기법은 RTT, 목표 전송률 및 UDP를 고려한 공평한 대역분배 기능이 기존 방식에 비해 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.30-37
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• 1994

최근 표적의 고속화와 저표적강도화 추세에 따라 표적 탐지의 정확성이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 이에 부합하여 표적 운동 해석, 표적 분류, 소나 성능 예측 모델의 개발에 필수적인 표적 산란 잔향 신호의 주파수 및 시간별 특성의 파악과 그러한 특성을 포함한 표적 신호 시뮬레이션에 목적을 두고 있다. 표적 신호 시뮬레이션에는 음향 변환자 배열의 음원 준위와 빔패턴으로 구성되는 음원모델, 전달 손실 예측부인 환경모델, 복합 표적에 의한 신호의 신장 및 표적 강도와 음원과 표적의 상대운동을 표현하는 도플러 현상이 고려된 표적모델, 수신기의 감도 및 빔패턴과 각 채널의 시간이 고려된 수신 모델 등 주요한 4부분의 모델이 필요하다. 개발된 MOST(MOving Spread Target) 신호합성기는 환경모델을 제외한 3가지 모델로 구성 되어 있으며, 음원과 표적의 운동에 의한 신호 특성 시뮬레이션 등의 기능을 갖추고 있어, 소나 운용 체계 개발의 한 단계인 HILS(Hardware In the Loop Simulation)와 표적 상태 추정을 위한 신호 특성 분석 및 앞에서 언급한 각종 모델에서 신호 발생 장치로 이용될 수 있다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.302-307
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• 2019

현대 대잠전에 있어 잠수함에 대한 2차원 위치추정에 다양한 방법들이 있다. 잠수함에 대한 보다 효과적인 추적 및 공격을 위해 표적 심도는 매우 중요한 요소이다. 하지만 현재까지도 잠수함의 심도를 찾아낸다는 것은 어려운 일이다. 본 논문에서는 최단접근점(Closest Point of Approach, CPA) 전후의 표적 접촉방위와 표적 도플러 신호 등 다이파 소노부이 접촉정보를 이용한 잠수함 심도 추정 기법을 제안하고자 한다. 표적의 상대심도는 표적과 다이파 소노부이의 청음기 간 사선거리 및 수평거리에 피타고라스 정리를 적용하여 결정된다. 이때 사선거리는 도플러변이와 표적 속도에 의해서 계산되며, 수평거리는 표적에 대한 연속된 접촉방위와 표적의 이동거리에 삼각함수를 적용하여 얻을 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제시된 알고리즘의 성능은 소노부이-표적 간 수평거리 및 상대심도에 의해 결정되는 고각과 도플러 변이 값의 측정 정확성에 의해 좌우됨을 시뮬레이션을 통해 알 수 있다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.425-431
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• 1997

To examine components of Ganoderma lucidum for anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity, the aqueous extracts of its basidiocarps were separated into high-molecular-weight (HMF) and low-molecular-weight (LMF) fractions. These fractions were used in XTT [2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide] antiviral assay which can quantitatively measure cytopathic effects of HIV-1 on CEM, human T lymphoblastoid cell line. The CEM cell line added with serial diluted HMF or LMF was cultured in the absence or presence of HIV-1. The results showed that the LMF of the aqueous extract strongly inhibited cytopathic effect of the target cell induced by HIV-1. When two-fold serially diluted LMF ranging from $40.97{\mu}g/ml$4 to 125.00 .mu.g/ml was added to the virus-free culture system, no toxicity on the target cells was detected in all the concentrations tested. However, when it was added to the HIV-infected culture system, the viabilities of the target cell reached a plateau recovering its viabilities to 71.7% and 82.5% in experiment-1 and -2 at 15.60 .mu.g/ml, respectively. The cell viabilities were then gradually decreased but maintained at more than 50% above 31.20 .mu.g/ml concentration. On the contrary, HMF did not prevent any HIV-induced cytopathic effect at any concentrations tested on this cell line. From these results, negligible toxicities were observed by both HMF and LMF of G. luciolum, and recovery of cell viability in HIV infected target cell was induced only by LMF of the carpophores.