• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제40권5호
• /
• pp.276-281
• /
• 2007

The toxicity of two species of puffer fish, Takifugu xanthopterus and T. stictonotus, collected from coastal regions of Korea, was determined using a mouse bioassay. The highest toxin scores in the muscle, skin, fins, and testis in both species were below 50 mouse units (MU) per gram, and for each organ of both species the proportion of toxic specimens containing ${\geq}10MU/g$ was less than about 10%. In T. xanthopterus, the highest toxin levels in the liver, gallbladder, and ovary exceeded 1,000 MU/g (1,275-1,910), while less than 200 MU/g (12-136) was detected in the same organs of T. stictonotus. Therefore, the toxicities of muscle, skin, and testis in both species of puffer fish were within acceptable levels for human consumption.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.367-375
• /
• 2019

Pufferfish (Takifugu spp.) are economically important edible marine fish. Mistakes in pufferfish classification can lead to poisoning; therefore, accurate species identification is critical. In this study, we used the mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) to design specific primers for six Takifugu species among the 21 domestic or imported pufferfish species legally sold for consumption in Korea. We rapidly and simultaneously identified these pufferfish species using a highly efficient, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system with the six species-specific primers. The results showed that species-specific multiplex PCR (multiplex species-specific polymerase chain reaction; MSS-PCR) either specifically amplified PCR products of a unique size or failed. MSS-PCR yielded amplification fragment lengths of 897 bp for Takifugu pardalis, 822 bp for T. porphyreus, 667 bp for T. niphobles, 454 bp for T. poecilonotus, 366 bp for T. rubripes, and 230 bp for T. xanthpterus using the species-specific primers and a control primer (ca. 1,200 bp). We visualized the results using agarose gel electrophoresis to obtain accurate contrasts of the six Takifugu species. MSS-PCR analysis is easily performed and provides identification results within 6 h. This technique is a powerful tool for the discrimination of Takifugu species and will help prevent falsified labeling, protect consumer rights, and reduce the risk of pufferfish poisoning..

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제51권4호
• /
• pp.404-410
• /
• 2018

Takifugu rubripes, T. chinensis, T. pseudommus and an unidentified species were morphologically and genetically studied. Morphology was compared using external morphology and the genetic analysis was conducted using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b). The morphological characteristics of T. rubripes, T. chinensis and T. pseudommus were confirmed, as reported previously. The unidentified species was confirmed to have the characteristics of T. rubripes and T. chinensis. The COI sequences of the four species were 99-100% similar; genetic distance was d=0.0000 and Cyt b genetic distance was d=0.0000-0.00834. Species in the phylogenetic tree belonging to the same group could not be classified genetically. In conclusion, the unidentified species was considered to be a hybrid between T. rubripes and T. chinensis.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제56권5호
• /
• pp.708-715
• /
• 2023

Hybridization is a major production method used to combine beneficial traits from two different species to obtain a potentially dominant trait. In China, Takifugu obscurus and T. rubripes were artificially crossed, and the resulting hybrids had an average body weight 38.06-8.93% higher than that of the parental species, which enabled the hybrids to be grown in freshwater. This study aimed to provide the basic data necessary for the classification of T. obscurus♀×T. rubripes♂ hybrids in terms of economic value and market potential. Morphological comparing the morphology of hybrids and parental species, we discovered that the hybrids had intermediate traits of the parental species. In morphometrics, the hybrid index (HI) value of head length against standard length was close to the trait of T. rubripes, and the HI values of preanal length and predorsal length were close to those of T. obscurus; however, the HI values of nasal length, snout length, length of anal fin, length of pectoral fin, caudal peduncle depth and caudal peduncle length were found to be unique characteristics of the hybrids. Regarding molecular analysis, a 99.8% nucleotide sequence similarity was found between the hybrid and T. obscurus.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제40권5호
• /
• pp.269-275
• /
• 2007

The toxicity of two species of puffer fish, Takifugu pardalis and T. niphobles, collected from the coastal regions of Korea was determined using a mouse bioassay. In T. pardalis collected at Tongyeong, the proportion of toxic specimens containing ${\geq}10MU/g$ exceeded 90% for the skin, fins, liver, intestine, ovary, and gallbladder, 11.1% for the testis, and 6.9% for the muscle. In each of the organs, the highest toxin levels were several tens (14-39) of mouse units (MU) per gram in the muscle, testis, and eyeball, but thousands (1,444-5,755) of MU per gram in the skin, liver, intestine, ovary, and gallbladder. The organs of T. pardalis exhibited remarkable variation in toxicity. In T. niphobles, the proportion of toxic specimens exceeded 90% for the ovary and skin, 60-80% for the fins, liver, intestine, and gallbladder, and 4.5% for the muscle; no toxicity was detected in the testis or eyeball using the mouse bioassay. The highest toxin levels were thousands (2,291-7,777) of MU per gram in the liver, intestine, ovary, and gallbladder, hundreds(146-328) of MU per gram in the skin and fins, and 18 MU/g in the muscle. Takifugu niphobles toxicity also exhibited remarkable regional variation. The toxicity in the edible muscle of T. pardalis and T. niphobles was at acceptable levels for human consumption, while the toxicity of the skin of both species of puffer fish was very high, so that care must be taken when used for human consumption.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.6-15
• /
• 2021

Various biometric and geometric measures were used to discriminate between the morphologically similar river puffer, Takifugu obscurus, tiger puffer, T. rubripes, their hybrids, and their triploid hybrids. The hybrids and triploid hybrids had greater anal fin width, nostril width, and snout length than the parental species (p<0.05). However, they had less caudal peduncle depth, inter-orbital width, head length, and head width(p<0.05). The morphometric and meristic characteristics of the hybrids and triploid hybrids were either intermediate between the parental species or more similar to those of one parental species. However, the external morphology of the hybrids and triploid hybrids was predominantly maternal. The triploid hybrids had asymmetry in the fin rays and gill raker numbers. This study identified phenotypic characteristics by distinguishing the morphological variables of river puffer, tiger puffer, their hybrids, and their triploid hybrids.

• 한국어병학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.119-127
• /
• 1998

기생성 요각류 2종, Clavellopsis hugu(Lernaeopodidae; Siphonostomatoida)와 Taeniacanthus yamagutii(Taeniacanthidae; Poecilostomatoida)이 한국산 양식 황복의 구강, 코, 표피 등에 기생하고 있음을 국내에서 처음으로 보고하며, 아울러 이종의 형태학적 특징을 상세히 기술하였다. Clavellopsis huge의 체형, 제2 촉각, 큰 턱 및 제2 소악 등은 다른 종과 쉽게 구별된다. 암컷의 두흉부는 동쪽으로 휘어져 있으며, 제2 촉각은 2분지, 큰 턱의 날은 톱니 모양, 제2 소악은 두흉부 기저에 완전히 융합될 bulla 형태이다. 수컷의 두흉부와 몸통은 완전히 융합된 난형이며, 두쌍의 악각은 집게형이다. Taeniacanthus yamagutii의 주요 특징은 제2소악이 견고하고, 악각의 갈고리 기저에 돌기가 있으며, 제2-4 바깥 다리의 가시 끝에 촉각이 1개씩 있다. 이들은 모두 한국 미기록종이며, 양식산 복어(Takifugu obscurus)는 새로운 숙주이다.

• 한국어류학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.41-52
• /
• 1993

1989년부터 1993년까지 고군산군도의 어류상에 대하여 조사한 결과 12목 50과 81속 102종을 채집하였다. 조사기간 중에 많은 개체가 채집된 종은 밴댕이 Herengula zunasi, 멸치 Engraulis japonica, 민태 Johnius grypotus, 흰베도라치 Pholis fangi, 꽃돛양태 Repomucenus ornatipinnis, 별망둑 Chasmichthys gulosus, 두줄망둑 Tridentiger trigonocephalus과 참서대 Cynoglossus joyneri의 8종이었다. 채집된 12목 어류중에 농어목, 횟대목 그리고 가자미목의 3개 목에 포함된 어류가 약 74%로 대부분을 차지하였고, 과별로는 망둑어과가 12종으로 가장 많은 종이 출현하였다. 채집된 어류중에 흰베도라치 Pholis fangi, 꽃돛양태 Repomucenus ornatipinnis, 참돛양태 Repomucenus koreanus, 황점복 Takifugu flavidus, 황복 Takifugu obscurus 등 5종은 황해에만 출현하는 고유종들이다. 본 조사 지역에서 15개체가 채집된 Sebastes sp.는 Sebastes hubbsi 그리고 Sebastes longispinnis와 유사하지만 등지느러미 기조수, 측선공수, 새파수와 체색에서 한국에 출현하는 Sebastes속 어류 어느 종과도 달라서 분류학적으로 주목되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제46권6호
• /
• pp.725-732
• /
• 2013

To identify the food component characteristics of seven edible pufferfishes (five wild pufferfishes including striped puffer Takifugu xanthopterus; eyespot puffer Takifugu chinensis; purple puffer Takifugu porphyreus; rough-backed puffer Lagocephalus wheeleri; and grass puffer Takifugu niphobles; and two cultured pufferfishes including yellow puffer Takifugu obscurus, and tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes) in Korea, the proximate, fatty/amino acid, chemical and taste compositions were investigated. The proximate compositions were not significantly different among the sampled pufferfishes, whereas grass puffer had lower moisture and crude lipid levels contents, and higher crude protein and ash contents than the other species. The total amino acid levels in wild and cultured pufferfishes were 14,941.6-16,427.9 mg/100 g, and the major amino acids were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, leucine, lysine and arginine. Regarding the fatty acid and mineral compositions, the major fatty acids included 22:6n-3, 16:0, 18:1n-9, 20:5n-3, 18:0, 20:4n-3, and 22:5n-3 in that order, and there was a little difference among the sampled pufferfishes. Grass puffer had a higher monoenes ratio, i.e., 16:1n-7 and 18:1n-9, and a lower polyenes ratio than the other pufferfishes. The main minerals detected K, P, Na, S and Ca. Regarding the taste-active compounds, the free amino acid contents of pufferfish extracts were 236.4-428.1 mg/100 g, consisting primarily of taurine, lysine, proline, glycine, alanine and arginine in that order. The amino nitrogen content of the pufferfishes was 84.5-156.4 mg/100 g, and there was a little difference among the species. As for taste intensity, the total taste value of the purple puffer was higher than that of the other pufferfishes.

• 한국어류학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.172-192
• /
• 1994

중국(中國) 양자강(楊子江) 입구(入口)에서 제주도(濟州道)를 잇는 북쪽과 우리나라와 중국(中國) 대륙(大陸)에 의하여 둘러싸여 있는 황해(黃海)는 지리적(地理的)으로 국가(國家) 경제산업(經濟産業) 면(面)에서 매우 중요한 역할(役割)을 하고 있는 해역(海域)이다. 지금까지 본 해역(海域)에 서식(棲息)하고 있는 어류에 대하여 조사(調査)한 결과(結果) 모두 27목(目) 123과(科) 257속(屬) 389종(種)으로 확인(確認)되었다. 이들 중에서 한국(韓國) 서해(西海) 연안(沿岸)에 서식(棲息)하고 있는 종(種)으로는 모두 20목(目) 80과(科) 161속(屬) 233종(種)이고, 중국(中國) 연안(沿岸)에 서식하고 있는 종(種)은 27목(目) 115과(科) 213속(屬) 300종(種)이었다. 본 해역(海域)에서 가장 많이 출현(出現)하고 있는 분류군(分類群)은 농어목(目) 어류로서 51과(科) 114속(屬) 164종(種) (42.2 %)이고 다음이 쏨뱅이목(目) 어류로서 11과(科) 27속(屬) 45종(種) (11.5 %)이며, 그 다음이 가자미목(目)으로 5과(科) 24속(屬) 34종(種) (8.7 %)의 순으로 나타났다. 본 해역(海域)에서 다량(多量)으로 서식(棲息)하고 있으면서 경제적(經濟的)으로 부가가치(附加價値)가 높은 어류의 분류군(分類群)으로서는 Rajidae, Anguillidae, Clupeidae, Engraulidae, Scorpaenidae, Serranidae, Sciaenidae, Mugilidae, Trichiuridae, Platycephalidae, Stromateidae, Cynoglossidae, Pleuronectidae, Tetraodontidae 등에 속(屬)하는 어류들이고, 여기에 서식(樓息)하고 있는 특산(特塵) 어종(魚種)으로는 Neosalanx jordani, Pseudosciaena polyactis, Repomucenus koreanus, Repomucenus leucopoecilus, Achanthogobius elongata, Scartelaos sp., Cynoglossus joyneri, Takifugu flauidus, Takifugu obscurus 등의 9종(種)으로 확인(確認)되었다.