• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.02a
• /
• pp.881-886
• /
• 2007

This study was to develope a vibrotactile display system using windows media player from digital audio signal. WMPlayer10SDK system which was plug-in tool by microsoft windows media player provided its video and audio signal information. The audio signal was tried to be change into vibrotactile display. Audio signal had 4 sections such as 8bit, 16bit, 24bit, and 32bit. Each section was computed its frequency and vibrato scale. And data was transferred to 38400bps network port(COM1) for vibration. Using this system was able to develop the music suit which presented tactile feeling of music beyond sound. Therefore, it may provide cross modal technology for fusion technology of human senses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.450-453
• /
• 2004

A tactile stimulator array using stacked PZT is fabricated and evaluated in this paper. The purpose of this research is the development of a tactile stimulator to represent the obstacle information for the visually disabled. As a first step of this research, we investigate the physiological characteristics of tactile stimuli and design a tactile stimulator based on the investigated results. Also we evaluated a fabricated tactile stimulator. The prototype of tactile stimulator which has 2$\times$2 tactor elements with 3mm spacing is fabricated using stacked PZT actuator. In order to evaluate the characteristics of this tactile stimulator, physiological experiments are carried out. In the experiment, the threshold of tactile stimulus intensity within a frequency range of 5-500Hz at various stimulus amplitudes are investigated. According to the obtained experimental result, the input signal of tactile stimulator for the effective transfer of obstacle information is determined. Also physiological experiments of multi-stimuli recognition such as shift and rotation are carried out

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.62-67
• /
• 2004

Trauma remains one of the important sources leading to systemic inflammatory response anti sub-sequent multiple organ failure. Although hepatic microvascular dysfunction occurs during trauma, the mechanism responsible remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of trauma on hepatic vascular stress gene expression. Femur fracture (EFx) was induced by torsion to the femur at midshaft. Liver samples were taken for RT-PCR analysis of mRNA for gtenes of interest: endothelin-1 (ET-1), its receptors $ET_A$ and $ET_B$, nitric oxide synthases (iNOS and eNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and tumor necrosis tactor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$). The expression of ET-1 mRNA was significantly increased by FFx. Expression of mRNA in FFx group showed no change in $ET_A$, $ET_B$, iNOS and HO-1 and showed a slight increase of 2.2-fold and 2.7-fold for eNOS tll1d COX-2, respectively. The level of TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA significantly increased in FFx group. In conclusion, mild trauma alone causes little change in expression of vasoactive mediators.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.66-72
• /
• 2005

The working tactor of this study, an agriculture machine, is consisted of 4 wheel driving system with gear trains and 4-type wheel steering system. Since technological regions for 4 wheel driving system and 4-type wheel steering system are some large, we divide on two studies on 4 wheel driving system and 4-type wheel steering system This study develops transmission and axle that are very important units for strong working operation because the power of tractor is largely affected by transmission and axle. Even if the development of the power train is some common technology, it is very complicated work and needs many experience know-hows. So, for new given specifications fitted to the working tractor, a kind of new agriculture machine, this study haws out processes that are development of assembly drawing and strength analysis through classical method and CAE software for all internal parts and housing cases.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.573-580
• /
• 2008

This study aims to measure and to analyze the characteristics of thermal environment of the various permeable pavement materials such as a break stone pavement (Green block cubic), soil protection pavement (Soil tector), soil cement pavement and ceramic brick pavement under the summer outdoor environment. The thermal environment characteristics measured in the study includes the changes of surface temperature during the day, and long and short wave radiation of each pavement surface. The experimental condition is based on the data on the hottest temperature (August 9, 2006, $37.1^{\circ}C$) of the year. The albedo was the highest on the break stone pavement(0.8) from 12:00 to 14:00. The albedo of the ceramic brick pavement, a soil tector pavement and soil cement pavement were 0.35, 0.29 and 0.27 from 12:00 to 14:00, respectively. The peak surface temperature and long wave radiation was the highest on the soil protection pavements($56.6^{\circ}C$/627 W/$m^2$). The peak surface temperatures and long wave radiation on the ceramic brick pavement, a stone brick pavement and soil cement pavement were $51.7^{\circ}C$/627 W/$m^2$, $48.8^{\circ}C$/607 W/$m^2$ and $45.9^{\circ}C$/582 W/$m^2$, respectively. The heat environment was better on the break stone pavement than on the other pavements. This is mainly due to the high albedo of the break stone pavement(0.8) while the albedo value of a ceramic brick pavement, a soil tactor pavement and soil cement pavement were 0.35. 0.29 and 0.27. Large heat capacity($2,629kJ/m^3{\cdot}K$) of the stone brick pavements also contributes to this difference. The heat environment was better on the soil cement pavement than the soil tector pavement. This is mainly due to the evaporation of the soil cement pavement while the active evaporation of the soil tactor pavement was not continued after two days from the rainfall event. To improve the thermal environments in the urban area, it is recommended to raise the albedo of the pavements by brightening the surface color of the pavement materials. Further studies on the pavement materials and the construction methods which can enhance the continuous evapotranspiration from the pavements surface are needed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.08a
• /
• pp.171-175
• /
• 2004

A tactile stimulator array using stacked PZT is fabricated and evaluated in this paper. The purpose of this research is the development of a tactile stimulator to represent the obstacle information for the visually disabled. As a first step of this research, we investigate the physiological characteristics of tactile stimuli and design a tactile stimulator based on the investigated results. Also we evaluated a fabricated tactile stimulator. The prototype of tactile stimulator which has 2x2 tactor elements with 3mm spacing is fabricated using stacked PZT actuator. In order to evaluate the characteristics of this tactile stimulator, physiological experiments are carried out. In the experiment, the threshold of tactile stimulus intensity within a frequency range of 5-500Hz and at various stimulus amplitudes are investigated. According to the obtained experimental result, the input signal of tactile stimulator for the transfer of obstacle information is determined. Also physiological experiments of multi-stimuli recognition such as shift and rotation are carried out.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.185-189
• /
• 2007

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a complex system, consisting of many sophisticated components. For a systematic characterization, a $2^4$ full factorial experiment was conducted. The SEM components examined include condenser lens 1 and 2 (denoted as A and B, respectively), and Objective lens (coarse and fine-denoted as C and D respectively). A statistical analysis was conduced to investigate factor effects and variations In response surfaces. Among four factors, main effect analysis revealed that A and D were Identified as the dominant factor. Moreover, B showed conflicting effect against C. The $R^2$ of statistical regression model constructed was about 69.6%. The model generated 3D response surface plots facilitated understanding of complex tactor effects.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2010

Background and Objectives Various tumor markers have been studied in an attempt to evaluate and decide the optimal treatment of the patients with head and neek squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A nuclear antigen Ki-67 is a proliferative marker of tumor cells in all phases of cell cycle except G0. c-met gene, the tyrosine kinase receptor for hepatocyte growth tactor, may play various roles in malignant transformation. The authors evaluated the prognostic significance of Ki-67 and c-Met in surgical specimens of HNSCC to determine the relationship with the various clinicopathological characteristics. Materials and Methods Formatin-fixed paraffin-embedded surgical specimens were obtained from 54 patients with HNSCC. Ki-67 and c-Met expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemical staning and were compared with the clinicopathological characteristics such as, pathologic differentiation, tumor stage, clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. Results Ki-67 and c-Met over-expression was detected in 66.7% and 90.7% in HNSCC. There was positive correlation of increased expression of Ki-67 with tumor stage. and clinical stage, increased expression of e-Met with tumor stage, clinical stage, and nodal status. The expression of c-Met had a significant positive relationship with Ki-67 index (p<0.05). Conclusion Therefore, Ki-67 and c-Met are useful markers of tumor progression, aggressiveness and prognosis in HNSCC.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.5-19
• /
• 2007

Organizations are investing in information systems for an ever-increasing number of end-user tasks. Extracting benefit from these investments increasingly depends on supporting effective use or information center and satisfying information center users. Information center is information intensive and the use of advanced technology may support user for delivering an unique capabilities in an organization. Information center represents an important source which seems very well suited for end-users support investigation. This research explores the end-user support factors that correlate with user satisfaction in information center. To exam user satisfaction, information supporting, service reliability, and system capabilities were identified as potential predictors of end-user support satisfaction at information center. Three hypotheses have been tested with the survey or 252 end-users examines 18 potential end-user support factors such as information supporting, service staff attitude, and system capabilities at information center. Service quality gap between perceived Importance and performance for each support factor, is computed. The relationship between these service quality gaps and user satisfaction are tested. This study presents that the level of information supporting, service reliability, and system capabilities are significantly to user satisfaction, and it is influenced by the extent of service quality gap between perceived importance and performance for each support tactor.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2009

Skin aging appears to be principally attributed to a decrease in both levels of Type I collagen and regeneration ability of dermal fibroblasts. It is important to introduce an efficient and safe agent for effective management of skin aging. To this end, we performed screening for anti-ageing agents and then found that vegetable peptones (pea and wheat) promoted cell proliferation of adult stem cells. Vegetable peptones may be considered as useful medium additives because it can supply nutrients, peptides, amino acids or growth factor analogues. This study was designed to investigate effects of vegetable peptones on cell proliferation/collagen production and their possible mechanisms in human dermal fibroblasts. In cell proliferation assay, vegetable peptones significantly promoted cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, human COL1A2 promoter luciferase and type I procollagen synthesis assays showed that vegetable peptones induce type I procollagen production through the activation of COLlA2 promoter. In both TGF-${\beta}1$ luciferase reporter and ELISA assays, vegetable peptones was found to induce TGF-${\beta}1$ production, suggesting that vegetable peptones induce type I procollagen production through the activation of TGF-${\beta}1$. When applied topically in a human skin twice a day for an 4-week period of time, vegetable peptones did not induce any adverse reactions. Theretore, based on these results, we suggest the possibility that vegetable peptones may be considered as an attractive, wrinkle-reducing candidate for topical application.